Morphological Characteristics of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Genotypes Via Genetic Diversity and Characters Association in Amibara, Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
30-45
Received:
25 May 2022
Accepted:
28 June 2022
Published:
22 July 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.eeb.20220703.11
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Abstract: Ethiopia's sesame productivity is low and below the world average. This low productivity is influenced by different yield limiting factors, the most important one is a lack of high-yielding improved varieties. It is basic to be understand the genetic variation and characters association. As a result, the objectives of this research was to determined the extent of genetic variation and its relationship to yield and 19 yield components. From 2017 to 2018, 100 genotypes were tested at Amibara in a 10 x 10 triple lattice design over two consequetive cropping seasons. Combined analysis of variance over the two years, the genotypes differed significantly for all of the characters considered. Plant height, number of capsules per plant, harvest index and seed yield had medium PCV and GCV values, whereas shattering resistance had high PCV and GCV values. Shattering resistance, plant height, capsule per plant, harvest index and seed yield all had high heritability values combined with moderate to high genetic progress as a percentage of mean (GAM). The length of capsule bearing zone and first capsule, capsule per main axis, number of capsules per plant, harvest index and oil content were all related to seed yield in a positive and significant association. Path coefficient analysis revealed that capsules per main axis, capsules per plant and harvest index all had a positive direct effect on seed yield. D2 analysis, the 100 sesame genotypes were divided into seven groups. As a result, the genotypes become moderately divergent. Allowing to principal component analysis, seven principal components assessed for 78.67% of the total variation. Genotypes with more capsules per main axis, capsules per plant, and high harvest index, harmonizing to the findings should increase sesame seed yield. In this study, these characters were discovered to be important yield contributing characteristics, and selection based on these characters would be most effective. More research in multiple locations, is required to provide conclusive results. In this study, only morphological characteristics were used. As a result, future research should deliberate using molecular markers and high-throughput molecular data to evaluate sesame genetic resources for marker assisted breeding.
Abstract: Ethiopia's sesame productivity is low and below the world average. This low productivity is influenced by different yield limiting factors, the most important one is a lack of high-yielding improved varieties. It is basic to be understand the genetic variation and characters association. As a result, the objectives of this research was to determine...
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Correlation and Path Analysis in Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum MILL) Genotypes
Dasta Tsagaye,
Andargachew Gadebo,
Shimelis Aklilu
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
46-53
Received:
17 May 2022
Accepted:
1 July 2022
Published:
17 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.eeb.20220703.12
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Abstract: In Ethiopia, tomato is one of the most popular vegetables produced by small farmers and commercial growers for both local uses as well as processing industries. Considering the importance of tomato as one of the beneficial vegetables for both domestic consumption and export markets, it is important to increase its productivity along with desirable attributes through its genetic character. On the basis of its wide use and expansion potential the need for developing varieties that suite specific agro- ecological conditions and specific end use is clear. Thirty-six tomato genotypes were evaluated for yield contributing characters to observe their associations and direct and indirect effect on yield. Character association analysis among yield and yield contributing characters revealed that the genotypic correlation coefficient was higher than the respective phenotypic correlation coefficients in most cases. This indicated that the suppressive effect of the environment modified the phenotypic expression of these characters by reducing phenotypic correlation values. Also, narrow difference between phenotypic and genotypic correlation coefficient was noticed for almost all the pairs of characters studied showing that masking or modifying effects of the environment was little indicating the presence of an inherent association among these characters. Fruit diameter showed significant and positive association with yield/plant at genotypic level but all other characters had non-significant negative and positive association with yield/plant. Path coefficient analysis revealed that fruit shape index had the highest positive direct effects on fruit yield/plant suggesting their importance while imposing selection for correlation of yield in tomato.
Abstract: In Ethiopia, tomato is one of the most popular vegetables produced by small farmers and commercial growers for both local uses as well as processing industries. Considering the importance of tomato as one of the beneficial vegetables for both domestic consumption and export markets, it is important to increase its productivity along with desirable ...
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The Use of Coherence in Studies of Biota Dynamics in the Conditions of the Aral Crisis
Elzura Pulatovna Urazimbetova,
Bibigul Saribaevna Tleumuratova
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
54-58
Received:
4 August 2022
Accepted:
23 August 2022
Published:
5 September 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.eeb.20220703.13
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Abstract: The article studies long-term joint dynamics in the conditions of the Southern Aral Sea region of the population size of the most typical for this region system of «fox-rodents-plants». It is shown that the peculiarities of dynamics of natural processes in the conditions of the Aral crisis require the development of special simulation models, taking into account the parameters of management and parameters of the order of destabilized ecosystem. Classic Lotka-Volterra models of «predator-prey», built for a normally and permanently functioning ecosystem, are inadequate for crisis conditions. The coherence of the behaviour of elements of an unbalanced self-organizing system can serve as a measure of verification of the results of the investigation of the behaviour of individual elements of the system. Consistency of population changes in the system of «predator-prey», caused by trophic bonds far from the point of bifurcation, the behavior of the system elements and the level of interelement interactions can be coherent. We propose a method of reconstructing series of observations missing data on multi-year population dynamics of one species, by linking this species to another well-studied species, which is a very effective method of structuring source data in mathematical modeling of natural processes. Response functions, analogy method and consistency of species abundance dynamics are used, which is especially manifested in the positions of synergy in a crisis. Coherence coefficients are introduced for the speed and tempos of change of population numbers, which are calculated as correlation coefficients of the first and second derivatives, respectively, approximating the dynamics of population, because coherence of processes is characterized by consistency in their speed and coincidence of special points.
Abstract: The article studies long-term joint dynamics in the conditions of the Southern Aral Sea region of the population size of the most typical for this region system of «fox-rodents-plants». It is shown that the peculiarities of dynamics of natural processes in the conditions of the Aral crisis require the development of special simulation models, takin...
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