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Effect of Radiotherapy on HB Level and Nutritional Status of Tumor Patients and Its Relationship with Hepcidin and EPO
Shan Tiantian,
Cheng Zhen,
Zuo Erdong,
Yan Min,
Pan Xiangtao
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, November 2021
Pages:
183-186
Received:
18 October 2021
Accepted:
9 November 2021
Published:
12 November 2021
Abstract: We studied the expression features of Hepcidin (HEP), Erythropoietin (EPO), Albumin (ALB) and Prealbumin (PA), and the pathogenesis of anemia in tumor patients caused by radiotherapy. We tested the hemoglobin (HB) concentration in 446 cancer patients who received radiotherapy, and measured the serum HEP, EPO, ALB and PA n 92 cases to explore the pathogenesis of anemia caused by radiotherapy. The results were: (1) The HB level before and after radiotherapy in 446 patients were 119.85±19.87g/L and 116.32±24.25g/L (t=2.5211, P<0.05). The cases of anemia before and after radiotherapy were 146 cases and 175 cases (χ2=4.09, P<0.05). (2) The HB level before and after radiotherapy in 92 patients and in 20 cases of control group were respectively 127.33±17.12, 119.41±17.05 and 132.80±11.80g/L, the difference was statistically significant (F=11.70, P<0.01). The anemia cases were 14 and 27, respectively, which were also statistically significant (χ2=8.68, P<0.01). (3) The HEP level before and after radiotherapy in 92 patients and in 20 cases of control group were 3.38±2.48, 2.37±1.37 and 3.22±1.10mg/mL respectively, the difference was statistically significant (F=3.88, P<0.05). (4) EPO level before and after radiotherapy in 92 patients and in 20 controls were 5.05±3.50, 5.75±1.99 and 3.81±1.15mg/mL respectively, the difference was statistically significant (F=9.18, P<0.01). (5) The levels of ALB and PA before radiotherapy in 92 patients were higher than those after radiotherapy. (6) HEP was negatively correlated with HB before radiotherapy (r=-0.2938, t=2.9089, P<0.01), but HEP was not correlated with HB after radiotherapy (r=- 0.0111, P>0.05). (7) There were positive correlation between ALB and HB before and after radiotherapy (all P<0.01). (8) There were positive correlation between PA and HB before and after radiotherapy (all P<0.01). Therefore, Radiotherapy could cause anemia and deteriorate nutritional status in cancer patients. Anemia negatively feedback inhibited the expression of HEP, while EPO was highly compensatory.
Abstract: We studied the expression features of Hepcidin (HEP), Erythropoietin (EPO), Albumin (ALB) and Prealbumin (PA), and the pathogenesis of anemia in tumor patients caused by radiotherapy. We tested the hemoglobin (HB) concentration in 446 cancer patients who received radiotherapy, and measured the serum HEP, EPO, ALB and PA n 92 cases to explore the pa...
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The Neuronal Excitability Spectrum: A New Paradigm in the Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of Mental Illness and Its Relation to Chronic Disease
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, November 2021
Pages:
187-203
Received:
27 October 2021
Accepted:
15 November 2021
Published:
24 November 2021
Abstract: Short of a clear understanding of the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders, treatment continues to be symptom-based rather than pathology-based. In an effort to improve the accuracy of diagnosis and treatment, a variety of symptom-based diagnostic classification systems have been utilized and numerous others have been proposed, but none have been able to satisfactorily compensate for the lack of a clearly-defined biological target for treatment. Based on the first comprehensive neurophysiological hypothesis of psychiatric disorders and mounting evidence that a subtle elevation in resting vital signs is predictive of a wide range of psychiatric and general medical conditions, this article will present an entirely new way of diagnosing and treating mental illness. It will also discuss how these vital-sign elevations increase one’s vulnerability to developing any of a wide range of general medical conditions, such as diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, autoimmune disease, cancer, and dementia. The shared pathophysiological trait, known as “neuronal hyperexcitability,” combines with life stressors to fuel a plethora of psychiatric, metabolic, and immunologic disturbances that have both immediate and long-term mental, emotional, and physical consequences. The identification of a single diathesis that unifies seemingly diverse mental and physical illnesses has enormous implications for healthcare. First, it revolutionizes the diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders. Second, it unifies mental and physical illnesses, thereby reducing the long-held stigma of mental illness. Third, it provides an easy-to-measure, objective way to assess one’s vulnerability to developing any illness, whether mental or physical. Fourth, it guides the use of a number of different natural and pharmacological methods of reducing one’s risk of illness long before any clinical signs or symptoms appear. Fifth, it encourages patient participation by allowing those at risk to assess their own vulnerability to illness. Never could these insights be more timely than in an era in which the number of persons committing suicide is steadily increasing; the number of persons claiming disability is dramatically rising; and healthcare costs are spinning out of control.
Abstract: Short of a clear understanding of the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders, treatment continues to be symptom-based rather than pathology-based. In an effort to improve the accuracy of diagnosis and treatment, a variety of symptom-based diagnostic classification systems have been utilized and numerous others have been proposed, but none have be...
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Acne Vulgaris Is a Special Clinical Type of Pellagra
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, November 2021
Pages:
204-208
Received:
3 November 2021
Accepted:
22 November 2021
Published:
24 November 2021
Abstract: Background: Acne, the most common skin disease characterized by comedones, papules, pustules, nodules, and/or cysts, has a prevalence of 90% during adolescence. The pathogenesis of acne vulgaris requires further study based on the pathological and pathophysiological changes in acne. Recent findings and evidence: Adolescence is the period when teenagers have very high nutritional demands. The occurrence of acne during adolescence suggests that the patient is nutritionally deficient or has increased nutritional requirements. Malnutrition of vitamins (niacin) is the most important cause of abnormal metabolism and inflammation. A pellagra diagnosis should focus on the presence of the “3 D’s” (diarrhea, dermatitis and dementia). The clinical features of acne include “3 D’s”: dermatitis (acne, seborrheic dermatitis), dyspepsia, and depression. Patients with acne are frequently associated with abnormal serum lipid profiles and elevated sebum secretion. Foam cells are an important pathological change in acne lesions. Niacin is the only vitamin that promotes the efflux of cholesterol and other lipids from cells and prevents foam cell formation. Foam cells in acne lesions suggest that patients with acne are deficient in niacin. Recently, several studies have reported the efficacy and safety of nicotinamide and niacin for acne treatment. Summary: Based on an analysis of the clinical feature of acne patients, pathological changes in acne lesions and the therapeutic effects of niacin on acne, we propose that acne can be diagnosed as a specific clinical type of pellagra, and niacin is the first choice for the treatment of acne vulgaris.
Abstract: Background: Acne, the most common skin disease characterized by comedones, papules, pustules, nodules, and/or cysts, has a prevalence of 90% during adolescence. The pathogenesis of acne vulgaris requires further study based on the pathological and pathophysiological changes in acne. Recent findings and evidence: Adolescence is the period when teena...
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Effects of Astragalus Mongholicus and Its Fermentation Objects on Anti-oxidation Capability of Hypothyroidism Rats
Yang Xiaohui,
Li Chao,
Zhang Jingjing,
Yu Yongjun,
Li Rongyao,
Liu Chao,
Hou Zhenjiang
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, November 2021
Pages:
209-214
Received:
2 November 2021
Accepted:
25 November 2021
Published:
7 December 2021
Abstract: Objectives: The morbidity rate of hypothyroidism is relatively high, the features of which are delitescent invasion, long course, untypical symptoms, great harm, etc. To intervene and cure hypothyroidism by traditional Chinese medicine could palliate untoward reaction of Western medicine, relieve symptoms of patients and enhance immunity. Astragalus mongholicus is frequently used as clinical traditional Chinese medicine. Reported by some literatures, compositions of Astragalus mongholicus have antioxidative function. Therefore, we studied effects of Astragalus mongholicus and its fermentation objects on anti-oxidation capability of hypothyroidism rats, and then discussed its mechanism of action. Methods: Eighty Wistar rats, half of which are female, were randomly divided into eight groups. They were named normal control group, hypothyroidism model group, high-dose Astragalus mongholicus group, medium-dose Astragalus mongholicus group, low-dose Astragalus mongholicus group, high-dose Astragalus mongholicus fermentation objects group, medium-dose Astragalus mongholicus fermentation objects group, low-dose Astragalus mongholicus fermentation objects group. There were ten rats in each group. We copied hypothyroidism rats samples by chemical induction------0.05% PTU freely drinking water. The rats were treated by different doses of Astragalus mongholicus as well as its, fermentation objects and killed after four weeks. We tested activity of serum superoxide dismutases (SOD), glutathion peroxidase (GSH-Px) nitricoxide synthase (NOS); contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitrogen monoxidum (NO) and the function of glandula thyreoidea. Results: After being treated by Astragalus mongholicus as well as its fermentation objects, the hypothyroidism rats’ function of glandula thyreoidea has improved evidently (P<0.05). Secondly, contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) in blood serum degraded remarkably (P<0.05). Thirdly, activity of superoxide dismutases (SOD) and glutathione. Peroxidase (GSH-Px) in blood serum stepped up strikingly (P<0.05). Fourthly, vis vitalis of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and contents of nitrogen monoxidum (NO) in blood serum stepped down surprisingly (P<0.05). Conclusion: Astragalus mongholicus and its fermentation objects have certain therapeutical effects on thyroid hypofunction, whose mechanism has something to do with increasing anti-oxidation capability of hypothyroidism rats.
Abstract: Objectives: The morbidity rate of hypothyroidism is relatively high, the features of which are delitescent invasion, long course, untypical symptoms, great harm, etc. To intervene and cure hypothyroidism by traditional Chinese medicine could palliate untoward reaction of Western medicine, relieve symptoms of patients and enhance immunity. Astragalu...
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The Expression and Clinical Significance of IL-4 and IL-13 in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Ying Li,
Feng Zhou,
Chao Shen,
Yi Su,
Yanxia Li,
Cuicui Wang,
Ruixia Yan,
Guiran Yang,
Zhenjiang Hou
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, November 2021
Pages:
215-222
Received:
15 November 2021
Accepted:
6 December 2021
Published:
7 December 2021
Abstract: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is one of the most common thyroid tumors in clinic. The incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma is increasing year by year, especially in Cangzhou area, which brings great physical and mental pain to patients. Object: To explore the expression and clinical significance of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-13 (IL-13) in the tissues and serum of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Method: 120 cases of PTC patients were randomly selected as the experimental group, who underwent radical mastectomy at the Thyroid and Breast Surgery Department of Cangzhou Central Hospital from January 2018 to April 2019, and the PTC tissues and their adjacent tissues and serum samples were collected. 120 healthy people were matched 1:1 as the control group in the hospital physical examination center during the same period, according to the gender, age and body mass index of the experimental group, and serum samples were collected. The immunohisto chemical SP method is adopted to test the expression of IL-4 and IL-13 in the tissues, and the ELISA is adopted to test the serum levels of IL-4 and IL-13. Analyze the relationship between IL-4 and IL-13 expression and clinicopathological characteristics in PTC. Result: It was significantly higher with the positive expression rate of IL-4 and IL-13 in PTC tissues than that in adjacent tissues (P<0.05), and it was a significant positive correlation between IL-4 and IL-13 expressed in PTC tissues (r=0.375, P=0.002); It was significantly higher in the serum levels of IL-4 and IL-13 in PTC patients, than that in healthy subjects (P<0.05), and it was a significant positive correlation between IL-4 and IL-13 expressed in the serum of PTC patients (r=0.381, P<0.01); The expression of IL-4 and IL-13 was related to the maximum tumor diameter, TNM stage, degree of differentiation, and lymphatic metastasis in PTC (P<0.05). Conclusion: IL-4 and IL-13 were highly expressed in PTC, and the expression level may become a reference indicator for predicting the occurrence and development of PTC.
Abstract: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is one of the most common thyroid tumors in clinic. The incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma is increasing year by year, especially in Cangzhou area, which brings great physical and mental pain to patients. Object: To explore the expression and clinical significance of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-13 (I...
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A Pathophysiologically-Based Approach to the Treatment and Prevention of Mental Illness and Its Related Disorders
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, November 2021
Pages:
223-232
Received:
12 November 2021
Accepted:
1 December 2021
Published:
11 December 2021
Abstract: Medication, psychotherapy, or both are the most common approaches to the treatment of psychiatric disorders. However, due to the high incidence, early onset, and chronicity of psychiatric symptoms, both medication and psychotherapy can be resource-intensive, yet there is little consensus about which should be applied to which clinical syndromes. This is a matter of increasing concern in light of the growing mental health crisis. Much of the problem stems from the lack of a precise psychophysiological explanation for psychiatric symptomatology, as it leaves clinicians without a clear target for treatment. However, an emerging hypothesis—one that identifies the fundamental vulnerability trait in psychiatric disorders—has the potential to help solve these problems. According to the Multi-Circuit Neuronal Hyperexcitability (MCNH) Hypothesis, psychiatric symptoms are driven by an abnormal elevation in the activity of the neural circuits with which they are associated. Particularly under the influence of stress, too many neurons fire for too long, resulting in circuit-specific symptoms, such as anxiety, depression, irritability, insomnia, inattention, apathy, and obsessional thinking. What hypothetically determines which circuits will be pathologically hyperactive at any point in time are the aberrant neuronal discharges that tend to occur spontaneously or in conjunction with willful cognitions and emotions when the neurological system is hyperexcitable. Clinical application of this hypothesis has the potential to guide which form of treatment would be most effective for which patient and to streamline the use of medications and other medical interventions because it illuminates a specific target for treatment. It also has the potential, for the first time in history, to prevent the development of psychiatric symptoms because the trait of neuronal hyperexcitability is highly modifiable and can be identified objectively by simply measuring one’s resting vital signs. Moreover, because the trait of neuronal hyperexcitability also appears to be at the root of a wide range of general medical conditions, such as diabetes, high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, and cancer, the early detection and management of the trait could usher in history’s greatest campaign in the first against sickness and disease.
Abstract: Medication, psychotherapy, or both are the most common approaches to the treatment of psychiatric disorders. However, due to the high incidence, early onset, and chronicity of psychiatric symptoms, both medication and psychotherapy can be resource-intensive, yet there is little consensus about which should be applied to which clinical syndromes. Th...
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Psychiatric and Functional Physical Symptoms: The More Telling “Fifth” Vital Sign
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, November 2021
Pages:
233-237
Received:
3 December 2021
Accepted:
17 December 2021
Published:
24 December 2021
Abstract: Historically, psychiatric symptomatology has been looked upon with a mixture of bewilderment and derision—the evidence of some kind of psychological or spiritual problem—but not of a medical or biological one. However, an explosion of new research suggests that psychiatric symptomatology may actually reveal as much about the physiological functioning of the body as heart rate, respiratory rate, temperature, and blood pressure. For example, there is growing evidence that psychiatric symptoms are associated with autonomic dysregulation and the early development of chronic debilitating diseases, such as diabetes, cardiovascular, hypertension, and cancer. These diseases then take the lives of the mentally ill at a much earlier age than the general population. In addition, an association has been found between upper-end-of-normal resting vital signs and the later development of major psychiatric illnesses, such as generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and schizophrenia. Notably, a similar association has been found between upper-end-of-normal resting vital signs and the early development of the same illnesses that shorten the lives of the mentally ill. These associations raise the possibility that subtle elevations in resting vital signs and psychiatric symptomology are different manifestations of a shared physiological abnormality. The identification of a core abnormality that influences such diverse emotional, psychological, and biological conditions could completely reshape the way we think about mental illness. It could unify mental disorders and medical disorders and raise psychiatric symptoms to the level of a “fifth” vital sign. This article will explore the links between mental illness, physical illness, and resting vital signs in an effort to utilize, if appropriate, psychiatric symptomatology as a barometer of physiological function. The unique value of psychiatric symptomatology in this regard is that it could reduce the need to distinguish psychiatric symptoms from medical symptoms while at the same time more clearly revealing, without any physical instrumentation, what is happening inside the body.
Abstract: Historically, psychiatric symptomatology has been looked upon with a mixture of bewilderment and derision—the evidence of some kind of psychological or spiritual problem—but not of a medical or biological one. However, an explosion of new research suggests that psychiatric symptomatology may actually reveal as much about the physiological functioni...
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Serum Interleukin-10 and Interleukin-17 Levels in Papillary Carcinoma and Their Relationship with Prognosis
Ying Li,
Tingting Cao,
Chao Shen,
Rongqin Dai,
Yi Su,
Yanxia Li,
Cuicui Wang,
Guiran Yang,
Zhenjiang Hou
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, November 2021
Pages:
238-245
Received:
7 January 2022
Accepted:
Published:
8 January 2022
Abstract: Object: To investigate the levels of serum interleukin-10 (IL-10) and IL-17 in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and their relationship with prognosis. Method: 120 PTC patients who underwent radical mastectomy in the Department of Thyroid and Mammary Surgery of Cangzhou Central Hospital from January 2018 to April 2019 were randomly selected as the experimental group, and 120 healthy people who matched 1:1 with the hospital physical examination center in the same period were selected as the control group according to the sex, age and body mass index of the experimental group. Compare the levels of serum IL-10 and IL-17 between the two groups, analyze the relationship between the levels and the pathological features of PTC patients, draw the characteristic curve of subjects' working characteristics, and calculate the area under the curve (AUC) to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum IL-10 and IL-17 for PTC. All patients were followed up for 12 months after operation. Imaging and pathological examination results were used as prognostic indicators. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to analyze the relationship between serum IL-10 and IL-17 levels and the prognosis of PTC patients. COX regression analysis was used to analyze the prognostic factors of PTC patients. Result: The levels of serum IL-10 and IL-17 in experimental group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05). Comparison of serum IL-10 levels in PTC patients with different tumor diameters and lymphatic metastasis showed statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The level of IL-17 in serum of PTC patients with different TNM stages, differentiation degree and lymphatic metastasis was statistically significant (P<0.05). The diagnostic value of serum IL-10 combined with IL-17 in PTC is significantly higher than that of single detection (P<0.05). According to the median serum IL-10 and IL-17 for PTC diagnosis, the postoperative recurrence rate of IL-10 high expression group was significantly higher than that of IL-10 low expression group, and the postoperative recurrence rate of IL-17 high expression group was significantly higher than that of IL-17 low expression group (P<0.05). TNM stage, IL-10 level and IL-17 level are independent risk factors for postoperative recurrence of PTC patients (P<0.05). Conclusion: The elevated levels of serum IL-10 and IL-17 in PTC patients are related to TNM stage, degree of differentiation, maximum tumor diameter and lymphatic metastasis, and are independent risk factors for postoperative recurrence of PTC patients, which may be a reference index for disease diagnosis and prognosis evaluation.
Abstract: Object: To investigate the levels of serum interleukin-10 (IL-10) and IL-17 in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and their relationship with prognosis. Method: 120 PTC patients who underwent radical mastectomy in the Department of Thyroid and Mammary Surgery of Cangzhou Central Hospital from January 2018 to April 2019 were randomly selected as the ...
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