-
Introduction to Natural Dye Sensitized Solar Cells
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 1, June 2017
Pages:
1-7
Received:
3 November 2016
Accepted:
17 November 2016
Published:
7 January 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.ep.20170101.11
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) is broadly regarded as the more promising third generation photovoltaic (solar) technology. These cells are the closest mankind has come to replicating nature’s photosynthesis. Paying homage to its inventor Professor Michael Gräetzel we call it GCell. With regard to advantages A dye-sensitized solar cell including low-cost, Low-light performance, Optimised performance, Higher temperature performance, Low energy manufacturing process, Ecologically friendly solar and etc Study of these technology Seem is essential. A dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC, DSC or DYSC) is the group of thin film solar cells. It is based on a semiconductor formed between a photo-sensitized anode and an electrolyte, a photoelectron chemical system. In this paper will review the advantages, disadvantages, applications and future of natural dye sensitized solar cells.
Abstract: Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) is broadly regarded as the more promising third generation photovoltaic (solar) technology. These cells are the closest mankind has come to replicating nature’s photosynthesis. Paying homage to its inventor Professor Michael Gräetzel we call it GCell. With regard to advantages A dye-sensitized solar cell including ...
Show More
-
Damage Estimation and Stress Singularity Study Using a Coherent Gradient Sensing Method
Joseph Scura,
Rick Woods,
Mark Sandor
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 1, June 2017
Pages:
8-13
Received:
17 November 2016
Accepted:
13 December 2016
Published:
7 January 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.ep.20170101.12
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: In this paper, the stress singularity in homogenous material was studied using an optical experimental method. The study on stress concentration is of great research value to evaluate the damage inside materials. Coherent gradient sensing (CGS) is introduced to study the mechanical behavior of homogeneous material which was widely used in industry and research. The governing equations of CGS which is used to represent the optics-mechanics relation of the singular yield near the point of the external force are derived. The experimental result shows this CGS method as a nondestructive methodology is capable of estimating the load with high accuracy.
Abstract: In this paper, the stress singularity in homogenous material was studied using an optical experimental method. The study on stress concentration is of great research value to evaluate the damage inside materials. Coherent gradient sensing (CGS) is introduced to study the mechanical behavior of homogeneous material which was widely used in industry ...
Show More
-
Effect of High Hydrostatic Pressure on the Abrasive Wear of Hard Alloy Materials
Vasily Mishakin,
Stanislav Verichev,
Evgeny Razov
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 1, June 2017
Pages:
14-20
Received:
30 November 2016
Accepted:
22 December 2016
Published:
7 January 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.ep.20170101.13
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: The study of the influence of high hydrostatic pressure on abrasive wear of hard alloy materials has been done using a custom-made setup allowing testing of abrasive wear of materials under hydrostatic pressures of up to 250 atm. It has been confirmed that high hydrostatic pressure has a significant effect on the wear rate of studied materials. By increasing the hydrostatic pressure from atmospheric conditions to 200 atm, for materials with a high content of chromium the wear rate has been increased 7 times, while for materials based on tungsten carbide the wear rate has been is increased twice. It has been established that the main damage to surfaces of materials is due to delamination and spalling of hard particles.
Abstract: The study of the influence of high hydrostatic pressure on abrasive wear of hard alloy materials has been done using a custom-made setup allowing testing of abrasive wear of materials under hydrostatic pressures of up to 250 atm. It has been confirmed that high hydrostatic pressure has a significant effect on the wear rate of studied materials. By ...
Show More
-
Vertical Radio Refractivity Profile for Calabar in the Southern Region of Nigeria
Ngwu Chinyere Rosemary,
Ozuomba Simeon,
Okon Abasiama Colman
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 1, June 2017
Pages:
21-26
Received:
25 October 2016
Accepted:
3 January 2017
Published:
30 January 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.ep.20170101.14
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: In this paper, six months Radiosunde data for Calabar in the Southern region of Nigeria is used to model vertical refractivity profile. Calabar is located in Cross River State 4°57’North in latitude and 8°19'East in longitude which is in the South South region of the country. The Radiosunde data is obtained from Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET). Particularly, cubic trendline model is developed for each of the six months to predict the vertical profile of refractivity in the lower atmosphere (< 150 m) above sea level). The model can be used to predict the refractivity at any height between 0 m and 150 m. Also, the model can enable the determination of point refractivity gradient which requires the refractivity at 0 m and at 65 m above sea level. Sample point refractivity gradient for the month of January. In the month of January, it was found that the point refractivity gradient is 124.278 N-units.
Abstract: In this paper, six months Radiosunde data for Calabar in the Southern region of Nigeria is used to model vertical refractivity profile. Calabar is located in Cross River State 4°57’North in latitude and 8°19'East in longitude which is in the South South region of the country. The Radiosunde data is obtained from Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIME...
Show More
-
Determination of Loss of Load Probability for Stand-Alone Photovoltaic Power System
Ogbonna Chima Otumdi,
Constance Kalu,
Idorenyin Markson
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 1, June 2017
Pages:
27-32
Received:
25 October 2016
Accepted:
3 January 2017
Published:
30 January 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.ep.20170101.15
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: In this paper, the loss of load probability for stand-alone photovoltaic (SAPV) power system was determined for an ICT Center with total daily energy demand of 346480 Wh/day. However, the different electrical appliances are classified into four (4) different load priority levels depending on the acceptable loss of load probability of the appliance in the data center. The ICT Center has annual averaged daily solar radiation of 4.7kWh/m2. day and minimum (worst case) daily solar radiation of 0.574 kWh/m2 day which occurred on 17th of June. The SAPV system is expected to satisfy with zero loss of load probability the critical load (server, switches, routers, Vsat) estimated at about 81210 Wh/day. In this wise, dynamic load shading approach can be employed to switch off certain loads based on their priority level and available solar irradiation. A cubic regression model is derived to enable the load scheduler to determine the possible LLOP for any give load level. The approach presented in this paper provides the relevant mechanism to determine at what point the dynamic load shading unit can turn off or turn on appliances in any load priority level in response to the temporal variation in solar radiation at the Data Center.
Abstract: In this paper, the loss of load probability for stand-alone photovoltaic (SAPV) power system was determined for an ICT Center with total daily energy demand of 346480 Wh/day. However, the different electrical appliances are classified into four (4) different load priority levels depending on the acceptable loss of load probability of the appliance ...
Show More
