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Metals Hydrosols Universal Extinction Spectrum of 0.2 Micrometer Wavelength Ultrafine Component
Nikolay N. Ostroukhov,
Alexander Yu. Tyanginskii,
Maria V. Lebedeva
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, June 2017
Pages:
1-5
Received:
18 April 2016
Accepted:
17 March 2017
Published:
8 May 2017
Abstract: The results of comparative experiments on hydrosol of metals and weak metal saline solution with 0.2 micrometer wavelength spectroscopy have been presented. Quality identity of the spectrum for all examined metals such as Ag, Cu, Na, Ni, Fe, has been defined. In conclusion based upon the similarities between metal colloid solutions and salt solutions with 0.2 micrometre wavelength (λ= 0.2 mkm) extinction spectra, a metal corpuscular and atomic component, as well as low level clusters were found in the solutions.
Abstract: The results of comparative experiments on hydrosol of metals and weak metal saline solution with 0.2 micrometer wavelength spectroscopy have been presented. Quality identity of the spectrum for all examined metals such as Ag, Cu, Na, Ni, Fe, has been defined. In conclusion based upon the similarities between metal colloid solutions and salt solutio...
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High Accuracy and Sensitivity Method of the Observation of the Surface’s Morphology Changes by Means of Atomic Force Microscopy with Cyclic, Precise Sample Positioning
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, June 2017
Pages:
6-11
Received:
28 March 2017
Accepted:
14 April 2017
Published:
19 May 2017
Abstract: The submicron changes of the morphological properties of the surface can provide one of the earliest indications of the degradation of the material due exposition to a certain media. Atomic force microscopy, as the tool delivering 3D quantitative imaging of the surface with ultimate resolution, is successfully utilized in the detection of the materials degradation. Yet, a several issues such as the materials non-homogeneity and the presence of the morphological artifacts must be taken into account in terms of the reliability of obtained data, while their presence in the scanned area may cause a significant deviation of the measurement outcome from the values being representative to the condition of the investigated material. In this paper the approach based on the precise sample positioning at each stage of the verification of the deterioration progress is presented. This novel method allows to acquire the information with unique sensitivity and high degree of confidence. Moreover, the observation of the morphology changes at several spots with high receptivity enables determination of the homogeneity of the deterioration, which may play essential role in case of investigation of behavior of complex materials (containing additives or fillers), in particular nanomaterials. A set of experimental results acquired on the polycarbonate and polyethylene samples is here presented, revealing the efficiency of presented approach and its advantages over the commonly applied methods.
Abstract: The submicron changes of the morphological properties of the surface can provide one of the earliest indications of the degradation of the material due exposition to a certain media. Atomic force microscopy, as the tool delivering 3D quantitative imaging of the surface with ultimate resolution, is successfully utilized in the detection of the mater...
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Synthesis of SnO2 Nanopowders for Advanced Ceramics and Electronic Sensor Transducer Devices and Characterization and Band Gap
Rexona Khanom,
Mohammad Anwar Arfien Khan,
Abdul Gafur,
Shakila Akter,
Shamim Ahmed,
Mohammad Shahjahan,
Mohammad Raqibul Qadir
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, June 2017
Pages:
12-19
Received:
7 March 2017
Accepted:
9 May 2017
Published:
22 May 2017
Abstract: Reverse Microemulsion Precipitation” was firstly developed for synthesizing SnO2 nanopowders were intended to as advanced structural materials and hazardous gases, particulates (Pb, Cd, Hg) sensing nanofabricated devices: sensor, transducer, MOSFET, electrodes. Prepared controlled nanopowders were encapsulated with oil phases in spherical water pole at water to surfactant mole ratio w0=8 and w0=10. Characteristic absorption of semiconductor at 303.4 nm and no absorption in higher and absorption edge in the 321.6-371.6 nm and band gap energy (3.6eV) were observed by UV-Vis measurement confirmed 2SnO2.4H2O nanoparticles is semiconductor. Sn-O stretching band at 678.94 cm-1 and no other groups presence confirmed complete removal of adsorbed chemicals in the course of calcination at 600°C about 4.0 hours from FTIR spectrum. XRD investigation found out phase pure tetragonal SnO2 nanocrystalline structures and average crystalline size 0.2380 nm at w0=8. SEM images exhibited spherical morphology counting average particle size 153.242 nm and 131.604 nm and average diameter 8.02 nm at w0=8 and 10.01 nm at w0=10 respectively. Higher specific surface area was observed 107.731 m2/ g (count 637) more than 86.314 m2/ g (count 341) of relatively larger diameter which is more pronounced compared to ordinary Reverse Microemulsion Method. Findings and standards established this synthesis method as suitable for obtaining the higher degree of surface area and finest crystallinity.
Abstract: Reverse Microemulsion Precipitation” was firstly developed for synthesizing SnO2 nanopowders were intended to as advanced structural materials and hazardous gases, particulates (Pb, Cd, Hg) sensing nanofabricated devices: sensor, transducer, MOSFET, electrodes. Prepared controlled nanopowders were encapsulated with oil phases in spherical water pol...
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Improvement of Mechanical and Physical Property of Polypropylene Nano Composites by the Addition of Multi-walled Carbon Nano Tube
Narges Ahmadvand,
Ali Asghar Rohani
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, June 2017
Pages:
20-26
Received:
14 March 2017
Accepted:
14 April 2017
Published:
22 May 2017
Abstract: In this study, physical and mechanical properties of polypropylene nanocomposites in the presence of carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) were studied. Nanocomposites were prepared by combining different percentages of MWCNT with PP using melt mixing method. The mechanical and physical properties such as the fracture surface morphology, distribution of CNTs in the material field, the size of the crystals, crystallization and melting temperature, tensile strength, flexural and impact strength and flexural modulus were analyzed. In summary, it was shown that Young's modulus and flexural an increase in the weight of MWCNT, are considerably improved. However, the distribution of the nanotubes was poorer in material terms, the melting temperature has not noticeably changed. Also, the sizes of the crystals in some Miller's pages were decreased. By increasing the amount of MWCNT, an increase in crystallization temperature of PP was observed. Loading 1.5%wt of MWCNT, the amount Tp has increased with about 14.3°C than pure PP. By increasing the MWCNT to 0.4%wt, the mechanical properties were improved. Then changing MWCNT to 0.8%wt, the mechanical properties was reduced.
Abstract: In this study, physical and mechanical properties of polypropylene nanocomposites in the presence of carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) were studied. Nanocomposites were prepared by combining different percentages of MWCNT with PP using melt mixing method. The mechanical and physical properties such as the fracture surface morphology, distribution of CNTs in...
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Cr-Gd co-doped TiO2 Nanoribbons as Photoanode in Making Dye Sensitized Solar Cell
Ghazi M. Abed,
Abdulkareem M. A. Alsammarraie,
Basim I. Al-Abdaly
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, June 2017
Pages:
27-33
Received:
7 April 2017
Accepted:
26 April 2017
Published:
27 May 2017
Abstract: Pure and (Cr3+-Gd3+) co-doped TiO2 nanoribbons (TiNRs) were synthesized by a hydrothermal method at 200°C with stirring at 400 rpm. The structures and morphology of the prepared product were characterized using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, Raman spectroscopy, Transmission electron microscopy and Scanning electron microscope. The results showed that the Cr3+ and Gd3+ metals ions dopant were incorporated into interstitial position of the TiO2 lattice nanoribbons with diameter of (30-100) nm and length of few micrometers. The calculated optical band gap for undoped and co-doped of the TiNRs were 3.12 eV and 3.01, respectively. These modified properties of the TiNRs showed an important effect on the conversion efficiency of the assembled dye sensitized solar cells, where the efficiency of the undoped and co-doped TiNRs were 1.71 and 1.99, respectively.
Abstract: Pure and (Cr3+-Gd3+) co-doped TiO2 nanoribbons (TiNRs) were synthesized by a hydrothermal method at 200°C with stirring at 400 rpm. The structures and morphology of the prepared product were characterized using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, Raman spectroscopy, Transmission electron microscopy and Scanning electron microscope. The r...
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Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles by Sol-Gel Technique
Mohammad Shahjahan,
Md Hasibur Rahman,
Mohammad Sajjad Hossain,
Most Afroza Khatun,
Aminul Islam,
Most Hosney Ara Begum
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, June 2017
Pages:
34-39
Received:
3 May 2017
Accepted:
25 May 2017
Published:
30 June 2017
Abstract: In recent nanotechnology is the most promising field for the researchers. This paper describes a simple and convenient procedure for the preparation of crystalline silver nanoparticles. The aggregation of silver nanoparticles was prevented by CH3COONa in a chemical bath and then washed away, leaving crystalline silver nanoparticles. The silver nanoparticles were synthesized by sol-gel technique in the presence of CH3COONa and hydrazine as reducing agent in water at room temperature. The structure and grain size of prepared particles were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope and X-ray Diffraction. The whole experiment has been carried out at room temperature, using water as solvent and also within very less time. From XRD pattern we got the crystallinity and the position of the crystal plane of the prepared particles was similar to the standard nano silver pattern and the average size of the particles was 11nm. For SEM study it was observed that the particles are homogenous and uniform size in the nano range cracked free surfaces with regular granular shaped grains without any impurities. There was no peak in the carbonyl frequency region confirmed that sodium acetate was not present within the silver particles. From STA study, we have observed that the weight loss was negligible assured the particles were pure. Hence we will describe an excellent scope for large scale production of silver nanocrystals which will have applications in electronics and catalysis.
Abstract: In recent nanotechnology is the most promising field for the researchers. This paper describes a simple and convenient procedure for the preparation of crystalline silver nanoparticles. The aggregation of silver nanoparticles was prevented by CH3COONa in a chemical bath and then washed away, leaving crystalline silver nanoparticles. The silver nano...
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