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Implementation Livelihood Enhancement Through Saving Component in South District Unguja
Nassor Khamis Mohamed,
Abdalla Ussi Hamad
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2, June 2022
Pages:
73-78
Received:
21 January 2022
Accepted:
21 March 2022
Published:
9 April 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.rd.20220302.11
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Abstract: This study examined the implementation livelihood enhancement through saving component in South District Unguja. The survey questionnaire was distributed to the TASAF beneficiaries with sample size of 307 and data were collected and analysed based on correlation techniques using SPSS 23.0 software. The nature of this study is quantitative where it showed the relationship between two latent variables. The results showed that there is a positive correlation between saving components and livelihood enhancement. This means that the Person’s correlation between saving component and livelihood enhancement of beneficiaries of TASAF III Unguja South District is 0.465, p < 0.01; two tailed. In addition, saving component is moderate correlated where the increase of score in one variable, it also leads to the increase of the score in the other variable (0.465, p < 0.01). This result indicates that saving component is useful in enhancing the livelihood of beneficiaries of TASSAF II. It is concluded that saving components improve livelihood enhancement of the poor in Zanzibar. The paper recommended that, an impact evaluation has to be undertaken to provide better evidence and to remove all the observed challenges in the implementation of Livelihood Enhancement Component including lack of tools kits for some of villages (Shehia) like a safe box and book records.
Abstract: This study examined the implementation livelihood enhancement through saving component in South District Unguja. The survey questionnaire was distributed to the TASAF beneficiaries with sample size of 307 and data were collected and analysed based on correlation techniques using SPSS 23.0 software. The nature of this study is quantitative where it ...
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Participatory Demonstration and Evaluation of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Wondogenet District, Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2, June 2022
Pages:
79-82
Received:
1 March 2022
Accepted:
31 March 2022
Published:
9 April 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.rd.20220302.12
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Abstract: The study was conducted in Wondogenet district, Sidama region, Ethiopia. Potato is a critical crop in terms of income source food security and job opportunity. Potato seed supply has not been addressed only by seed companies, production of quality potato seed from closely supervised seed producer farmers is important to decrease disease transmission, timely supply of seed and increase yield. The main objectives of this study were to create awareness on importance of improved potato seed variety and assess farmers’ perception on the potato traits and improved seed production. Demonstration site and host farmers were selected purposively based on representativeness and accessibility to other non host farmers. The data was collected through measurement and group discussions and analyzed by using SPSS software. T-test analysis result indicated that, planting improved seed variety have positive yield advantage over locally recycled seed. The majority of farmers select Belete variety based on their traits like high yield, large tuber size and tuber uniformity and Agazer variety also preferred based on its disease resistance (late blight), early maturity and drought tolerance. Therefore, agricultural stakeholders give high attention of for improved seed multiplication and availability to improve potato productivity and food security.
Abstract: The study was conducted in Wondogenet district, Sidama region, Ethiopia. Potato is a critical crop in terms of income source food security and job opportunity. Potato seed supply has not been addressed only by seed companies, production of quality potato seed from closely supervised seed producer farmers is important to decrease disease transmissio...
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The Effect of Assertiveness Training on Behaviour, Self-esteem, Stress, Academic Achievement and Psychological Well-Being of Students: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Waqar Maqbool Parray,
Sanjay Kumar
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2, June 2022
Pages:
83-90
Received:
11 March 2022
Accepted:
30 March 2022
Published:
20 April 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.rd.20220302.13
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Abstract: The need to communicate is as essential as the need to breathe. The communication between human beings is a shared social system and a vital part of human activity. To overcome communication problems, the best way to communicate effectively is to adopt an assertive attitude towards others. Otherwise, relations are likely to be ineffective. Therefore, The study examines the effect of assertiveness training on behaviour, self-esteem, stress, academic achievement and psychological well-being among students. Method: The study employs Quasi-experimental design where 70 participants aged 17-21 years were selected randomly and assigned into two groups as experimental (N-35) and control group (N-35). Tools: Assertiveness scale (AS), self-esteem questionnaire (RSE) and perceived stress scale (PSS), academic achievement (AAS) and psychological well-being (PWB) were used. Results: The findings showed a significant decrease in aggression and submission scores in post-test condition but not in the follow up. It also revealed that assertiveness training was efficacious in raising students’ assertiveness, self-esteem, academic achievement and significantly reducing stress. This effect appears to be sustained for about 2-months as the follow-up reflects. Conclusion: It may be concluded that the Assertiveness Training when introduced in academic institutions will have a sustained effect in enhancing the students’ overall well being and achievement.
Abstract: The need to communicate is as essential as the need to breathe. The communication between human beings is a shared social system and a vital part of human activity. To overcome communication problems, the best way to communicate effectively is to adopt an assertive attitude towards others. Otherwise, relations are likely to be ineffective. Therefor...
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Perception of Student-Librarians Towards the Utilization of E-materials and Print Materials
Onwubiko Emmanuel Chidiadi
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2, June 2022
Pages:
91-98
Received:
28 March 2022
Accepted:
12 April 2022
Published:
20 April 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.rd.20220302.14
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Abstract: The perception students have about any library resources is very paramount as it is a determinant to its utilization or lack of utilization of such resources by them. This study is an investigation on student-librarians’ perception of two main reading material; print materials and electronic materials. The study employed a descriptive survey method with a student-librarian population of 120 randomly selected from four federal universities offering library and information science in Nigeria. The study was guided by three research questions while the main instrument used for data collection was a four-point Likert Scale structured questionnaire validated by three experts two from the department of library and information science and one from the department of educational measurement and evaluation. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using frequencies and percentages. The outcome of the study did show that despite the emergence of information and communication technologies (ICTs) which have transformed the way information resources are accessed as a result of digitalization of most information materials, most student-librarians in Nigeria have negative perception towards electronic materials (e-materials) though they showed acceptability for electronic resources. It was based on the finding that the following recommendations were made; librarians should as a matter of need go for hybrid collections (i.e. both print and electronic format of information sources) and student-librarians as librarians in the making should from the start be exposure to electronic literacy skills so as to gain adeptness in the use of electronic information resources.
Abstract: The perception students have about any library resources is very paramount as it is a determinant to its utilization or lack of utilization of such resources by them. This study is an investigation on student-librarians’ perception of two main reading material; print materials and electronic materials. The study employed a descriptive survey method...
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Effect of Azadirachta Indica (Neem) Leaf Extract on the Corrosion of Medium Carbon Steel in Sulphuric Acid
Alexander Nwachukwu Okpala,
Ezenwa Alfred Ogbonnaya,
Yusuf Bamidele Waidi
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2, June 2022
Pages:
99-105
Received:
20 March 2022
Accepted:
7 April 2022
Published:
20 April 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.rd.20220302.15
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Abstract: Using gravimetric technique, the inhibitory properties of Azadiracta Indica leaf extract for medium carbon steel corrosion were investigated, and inhibition efficiency was calculated. The leaves were gathered and dried before being pulverized to micron size for gravimetric analysis. The leaves were extracted using the reflux ethanol extraction method, and the weight of the leaf removed was calculated. The quantities for various concentrations of the extract were also calculated and applied to the acidic medium, where the medium carbon steel coupons were dipped at four hours intervals for a total of 20 hours. The inhibition efficiency was calculated using the weight loss values for each metal coupon. Weight loss (from 0.1395g to 0.0135g) and corrosion rate (from 0.9700 mm/yr. to 0.1878 mm/yr.) both decreased as the content of the plant extract increased (from 0.0g/L to 0.5g/L). The gravimetric method revealed that Azadiracta Indica leaves extract is an excellent medium carbon steel corrosion inhibitor, with inhibition efficiency increasing from 41 percent to 86 percent as the inhibitor concentration increased. Plant extracts are an excellent corrosion inhibitor due to their availability, biodegradability, low cost, and lack of toxicity to humans and the environment. This study found that Azadiracta Indica leaf extracts, when used in the proper concentration, can extend the service life of medium `carbon steel.
Abstract: Using gravimetric technique, the inhibitory properties of Azadiracta Indica leaf extract for medium carbon steel corrosion were investigated, and inhibition efficiency was calculated. The leaves were gathered and dried before being pulverized to micron size for gravimetric analysis. The leaves were extracted using the reflux ethanol extraction meth...
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Causes of a Possible Migration of the Middle Class in Brasilia/DF, Brazil
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2, June 2022
Pages:
106-113
Received:
7 March 2022
Accepted:
1 April 2022
Published:
22 April 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.rd.20220302.16
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Abstract: This article tried to investigate the migration of Brasília's middle class from Plano Piloto, previously the preferred location of this social extract, to closed vertical condominiums in regions on the edges of the protected area of the capital of Brazil. For the investigation, exploratory research was used, sending electronic forms to the residents of two condominiums. The answers suggest concerns related to the feeling of insecurity in the superblocks, a residential area of the Plano Piloto, when compared to the closed vertical condominiums. Another predominant response was the few leisure facilities in the superblocks. In fact, they are two distinct ways of appropriating space, the superblocks are an experience that sought to democratize space at ground level, with freedom of movement. However, criminality has led people to seek out fortified enclaves, which takes away much of Brasília's intended urbanity. A photographic report was also carried out in order to demonstrate the differences in terms of leisure equipment. The data were analyzed and showed the need of further studies to better understand and propose actions to prevent or mitigate the damage resulting from what appears to be a devaluation trend of the Plano Piloto that usually leads to the deterioration of the region.
Abstract: This article tried to investigate the migration of Brasília's middle class from Plano Piloto, previously the preferred location of this social extract, to closed vertical condominiums in regions on the edges of the protected area of the capital of Brazil. For the investigation, exploratory research was used, sending electronic forms to the resident...
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Determine of Mechanical Torque of the Vertical Axis Tidal Turbine and Its Connection Systems
Carolus Bintoro,
Vicky Wuwung,
Sinung Nugroho,
Dikki Rizky
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2, June 2022
Pages:
114-118
Received:
12 February 2022
Accepted:
2 April 2022
Published:
26 April 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.rd.20220302.17
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Abstract: The issue of the global energy crisis requires researchers to seek renewable alternative energy. One technology that can be used as a solution in facing the global energy crisis is tidal energy. This tidal energy is absorbed using a water turbine, one of which is by using the Gorlove Vertical Axis Water Turbine. This study discusses the performance of the TASV Gorlove with NACA0018 blade profiles by adding wavy and vortex generators and is planned to be installed multiple. TASV Gorlove is designed to be built with three blades made of glass fiber reinforced polyester which is twisted at an angle of 120 degrees. Multiple installations are planned using a diamond-shaped joint, which allows for minimal heaving, pitching and yawing movements. Mechanical torque and turbine rotation speed are obtained based on water flow. The results of the experimental study of the maximum experimental torque value were 17.83 Nm, at 30.2 rpm rotation. Because the water flow is conditioned, there is no damage to the connection system. The performance of the turbine and diamond joint system is a new thing applied to multiple TASV Gorlove.
Abstract: The issue of the global energy crisis requires researchers to seek renewable alternative energy. One technology that can be used as a solution in facing the global energy crisis is tidal energy. This tidal energy is absorbed using a water turbine, one of which is by using the Gorlove Vertical Axis Water Turbine. This study discusses the performance...
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Influencing Factors in Family Strategies in Gibara Municipality, Cuba
Sara Fernández Cruz,
Virginia Hardy Casado,
Olga Alicia Gallardo Milanés
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2, June 2022
Pages:
119-124
Received:
9 March 2022
Accepted:
16 April 2022
Published:
28 April 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.rd.20220302.18
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Abstract: The process of updating the socioeconomic model that is being developed in Cuba includes strategic and development management modifications, aimed at strengthening the self-management capacities of municipal governments and the non-state sector, which has affected the strategies that families have adopted for their development. Family strategies have been very diverse in the different community contexts of the country, and consequently it has been difficult for governors to make decisions when drawing up development plans, so it is vitally important to identify which are specifically the factors that have directly affected the strategies adopted by the families to be able to formulate future development plans in the different communities according to their characteristics. The study presented shows a case where changes in family strategies are manifested, influenced by the social and environmental context in which individuals interact, as well as their evolution over time and adaptation to new situations. Specifically, it is shown that the family strategies adopted by the population sectors in Gibara municipality in Cuba, have been influenced by the changes and the economic reordering that takes place in the country and the existing environmental conditions in that territory. In this sense, the factors with the highest incidence turned out to be: the exceptional physical characteristics that the municipality possesses, the delivery of land in usufruct to the inhabitants and the aging of the population. The research was carried out in three stages: an exploratory, a confirmatory and an evaluative one, in which qualitative and quantitative methods were combined that allowed the characterization of the territory, identifying the factors with the greatest incidence in the strategies and their evaluation.
Abstract: The process of updating the socioeconomic model that is being developed in Cuba includes strategic and development management modifications, aimed at strengthening the self-management capacities of municipal governments and the non-state sector, which has affected the strategies that families have adopted for their development. Family strategies ha...
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Determinants of Community Acquired Pneumonia Among Children 2-59 Months in Adaba District, Central Ethiopia: A Case Control Study
Kedir Mude,
Ayalew Astatkie
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2, June 2022
Pages:
125-134
Received:
29 March 2022
Accepted:
6 May 2022
Published:
24 May 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.rd.20220302.19
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Abstract: Introduction: In a year, 158 million cases of under-five Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) occur worldwide. Ethiopia is one of the top 15 countries in which 72% of global childhood CAP death occurs. In recognizing consequences of childhood CAP, it is important to understand the variation in the determinants. But, few studies conducted on the determinants of childhood CAP in Ethiopia and there is no previous scientific study done in Adaba district. Hence we aimed to identify determinants of CAP among children aged 2-59 months in Adaba district, West Arsi Zone, Ethiopia. Methods: We conducted a 1:1 unmatched case-control study using structured-questionnaires from April 23 to May 26, 2018 in Adaba district Ethiopia. The cases were 2-59 month’s old children who visited under-five clinics and diagnosed for CAP. The controls were children 2-59 months age who were apparently healthy and live in the community from which the cases came. We identified cases from health facility and controls by conducting house-to-house surveys. Result: A total of 528 children aged 2-59 months) took part with a response rate of 95%. Age of the child, 2-11 months (AOR=5.78, 95% CI 2.94, 11.41) and 12-23 months (AOR=4.17, 95% CI 2.22, 7.83), overcrowding (AOR=2.21, 95%-CI 1.10, 4.45) children usually located on mothers back or kept besides the mother when the mothers cook food (AOR=4.33, 95% CI 2.16, 8.68), sever stunting (AOR=3.76, 95% CI=1.58,8.93) wasting (AOR=4.77, 95% CI=1.91, 11.91) and diarrhea (AOR=5.99, 95% CI=2.91, 12.33) were risk factors. Conclusion: Age of the child, household-crowding, keeping the child with the mother while the mother cooks food, undernutrition (stunting and wasting) and diarrhea were risk of CAP. The district health office with its partners has to work to improve nutritional status of the children and existing CAP and diarrheal preventive and control methods must be strengthened and due attention should be given to children aged less than two years of old.
Abstract: Introduction: In a year, 158 million cases of under-five Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) occur worldwide. Ethiopia is one of the top 15 countries in which 72% of global childhood CAP death occurs. In recognizing consequences of childhood CAP, it is important to understand the variation in the determinants. But, few studies conducted on the deter...
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An Evaluation of the Impact of Microfinance Credit Market on Commercial Banking in Sierra Leone: The Case of BRAC and Rokel Commercial Bank (Sierra Leone), Limited
Sheka Bangura,
Festus Bernard Massaquoi,
Daniel Kasim Sesay,
Joseph Sasay Kanu
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2, June 2022
Pages:
135-148
Received:
26 May 2022
Accepted:
20 June 2022
Published:
27 June 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.rd.20220302.20
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Abstract: The multiplicity of Microfinance Institutions in the country of Sierra Leone has increased the compounded problems faced by Commercial Banks as active partners in the credit market. The Bank of Sierra Leone, the Central Bank in the Country, through its other Financial Institutions department, created the enabling environment for MFIs to thrive. Most of these MFIs are accredited to serve the same customers of the commercial banks with an overall effect on the profit margins of banks because of the seeming attractive nature of MFIs when it comes to loans. The study employed a survey design methodology to interview 24 managers at BRAC-Sierra Leone and Rokel Commercial Bank, Sierra Leone Limited. The study utilized both Secondary and Primary data with a statistical analyses of the collected data done through descriptive statistics, frequency matrices, charts, and multiple regression to produce answers on the study variables. The study reveals that 29.2% of the managers are satisfied with their credit market skills in their organizations (BRAC-Sierra Leone and Rokel Commercial Bank (Sierra Leone) Limited). The study also found out that BRAC-Sierra Leone saw a peak of its operating Income in 2017 with 75% rate as compared to Rokel Commercial Bank (Sierra Leone) Limited that witnessed a 60% increase of its operating Income in 2017. It was also found out that the Fixed Asset base for Rokel Commercial saw a dramatic increase of 5% from 2013-2014 signaling a significant change in asset and from 2015- 2016 a 10% increase was also witnessed by the Bank as compared to BRAC-Sierra Leone seeing a decrease of 20% in their fixed asset base, and a 5% reduction in 2015- 2016. The Multiple regression results of the study show that variables such as Probability Ratio (PR), Earnings Before Interest and Tax (EBIT), Net Operating Income (NOI are statistically significant. The study therefore recommends that government through the Central Bank of Sierra Leone should regulate and regularize MF1s in their credit system and try to encourage the commercial Banks to intensify their microfinance system with flexible application procedures to attract clients.
Abstract: The multiplicity of Microfinance Institutions in the country of Sierra Leone has increased the compounded problems faced by Commercial Banks as active partners in the credit market. The Bank of Sierra Leone, the Central Bank in the Country, through its other Financial Institutions department, created the enabling environment for MFIs to thrive. Mos...
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