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Research Article
The Effect of Marketing Mix on Consumer Buying Behaviour of Micro and Small Enterprise in Nekemte City, Oromia, Ethiopia
Jabessa Hinkosa,
Tashome Eshetu
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, April 2024
Pages:
1-16
Received:
15 August 2023
Accepted:
31 August 2023
Published:
8 January 2024
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of marketing mix on consumer buying behavior of MSEs; the case of Nekemte city administration. To achieve study objective, descriptive and explanatory research design were used combined with qualitative and quantitative research approach. The study was delimited to proportionate convenience and judgmental sampling techniques. The data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire which has been developed and distributed to a sample of 384 consumers of micro and small-scale enterprises (MSEs) in the Nekemte city. The collected data were analyzed by using both descriptive and inferential analysis techniques. The findings have shown that the mean score of marketing variables i.e. 4p’s inclined to agreement level. All independent variables, marketing mix elements have the significant correlation with the dependent variable, consumer buying behavior of micro and small-scale enterprises (MSEs). In this case, relatively product had a higher strong relationship with consumer buying behavior. The results also revealed that these independent variables jointly explained Adjusted R square is 0.82.1 of the variance in micro and small-scale enterprises (MSEs) consumer buying behavior. This summary shows that about 82.1% of the variance in the consumer buying behavior was explained by the independent variables (4p’s), and the ANOVA results shows, it is possible to see the overall significance of the model. Likewise, the empirical findings of the simultaneously by multiple regressions indicated that, three of the predictor variables: product, place, and promotion, have a positive and statistically significant effect on the consumer buying behavior of micro and small-scale enterprises (MSEs). But price have negative and significant effect on consumer buying behavior. Finally, the study recommended that micro and small-scale enterprises (MSEs) should produce quality products, charge competitive prices, promote products/services appropriately, and pay attention to enterprises locations.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of marketing mix on consumer buying behavior of MSEs; the case of Nekemte city administration. To achieve study objective, descriptive and explanatory research design were used combined with qualitative and quantitative research approach. The study was delimited to proportionate convenience an...
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Research Article
Touring During Peak Season: A Spiritual Adventure Uncovering the Evolution of Thoughts and Emotions
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, April 2024
Pages:
17-30
Received:
9 August 2023
Accepted:
6 September 2023
Published:
8 January 2024
Abstract: This article explores the theme of spiritual adventure during peak tourist seasons, with a focus on studying the changes in travelers' thoughts and emotions. The research begins with examining the expectations and psychological preparations before the journey, traces the fluctuations of emotion during the trip, and delves into the impact of social media on travel experiences, cultural integration, and conflicts. As travelers plan and anticipate their trips, they are filled with excitement and anticipation. However, during the journey, they may face various challenges and uncertainties that trigger emotional fluctuations, ranging from excitement and satisfaction to anxiety and disappointment. Furthermore, social media plays a crucial role in the travel experience. By sharing travel experiences and using social media cautiously, travelers encounter cultural integration and conflicts, which significantly influence their thoughts and emotions. It encourages them to maintain an open mindset, deepen their understanding of different cultures, and handle cultural conflicts appropriately, in order to adapt to new environments. A thorough exploration of spiritual adventure during peak tourist seasons provides a better understanding of the psychological changes in travelers and offers valuable insights and guidance for the tourism industry.
Abstract: This article explores the theme of spiritual adventure during peak tourist seasons, with a focus on studying the changes in travelers' thoughts and emotions. The research begins with examining the expectations and psychological preparations before the journey, traces the fluctuations of emotion during the trip, and delves into the impact of social ...
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Research Article
Ancient Greek Engraved Gems: A New Proposal for Interpretation
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, April 2024
Pages:
31-40
Received:
14 October 2023
Accepted:
2 November 2023
Published:
8 January 2024
Abstract: Traditionally, the typology of engraved gems has been divided into two broad categories: property seals and amulets or talismans. With the idea of analyzing them in depth, it is possible to classify these two groups as seals for civil or practical use and seals for therapeutic or magical use. After carefully studying their iconography and thoroughly analyzing the Greco-Roman sources, we have divided the first type of seals, those for civil or practical use, into several subgroups: administrative and official seals, personal seals and seals for initiations. In this article, we will be talking specifically about the group of seals that we considered might have been intended for initiations, as a way of trying to give an answer to the questions that arose when we studied the iconography of this small but very interesting objects. The subjects covered by this kind of seals being are mainly hybrid beings, heroes (specifically Heracles) and the gods Hermes, Aphrodite and Eros. Even though we know the proposal is kind of daring, we think it could give a new approach to the study of seals and new ideas to bear in mind when explaining the iconography. To finish the paper, we also share some evidence to support this proposal, coming from both written sources and iconography.
Abstract: Traditionally, the typology of engraved gems has been divided into two broad categories: property seals and amulets or talismans. With the idea of analyzing them in depth, it is possible to classify these two groups as seals for civil or practical use and seals for therapeutic or magical use. After carefully studying their iconography and thoroughl...
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Research Article
Environmental Crime Dispute Resolution: A Comparative Study Between Lebanese and French Legislation
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, April 2024
Pages:
41-53
Received:
6 August 2023
Accepted:
29 August 2023
Published:
8 January 2024
Abstract: This study dealt with the issue of available means to combat environmental crime in Lebanon and France, relying on analytical and comparative approaches, and was divided into two parts. In the first section, it presented the extent of specialization of the judiciary in considering environmental crimes, which is characterized by its technical complexities and weak human and logistical resources. In the second section, alternative methods were presented for resolving these conflicts. It was discovered that there is no specialized judiciary for environmental issues, which could lead the judiciary to fully accept the expert's report. It turned out that the Lebanese legislator issued a law appointing a full-time environmental public defender and an investigative judge to look into environmental cases on a part-time basis. And that the Minister of Environment has the power to conclude a reconciliation contract with the polluter after a final court ruling is issued, in clear violation of the principle of separation of powers. Therefore, this study recommended the necessity of establishing a public prosecution specialized in environmental crimes, adopting alternative methods to solve environmental issues, promoting the application of the polluter pays principle, training judges to solve these crimes, and strengthening the role of environmental associations.
Abstract: This study dealt with the issue of available means to combat environmental crime in Lebanon and France, relying on analytical and comparative approaches, and was divided into two parts. In the first section, it presented the extent of specialization of the judiciary in considering environmental crimes, which is characterized by its technical comple...
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Research Article
Enhancing Residential Security Systems: Integrating GSM Technology and Phone Call Alerts
Eneh Joy Nnenna,
Obasi Emmanuel Chukwubueze*,
Achara Obinna Vincent
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, April 2024
Pages:
54-59
Received:
11 December 2023
Accepted:
25 December 2023
Published:
8 January 2024
Abstract: In an era marked by increased interconnectedness, the imperative to safeguard homes and businesses against security breaches has grown exponentially. Recent insights into burglary patterns reveal that conventional security measures are often insufficient to deter intruders. Unlocked doors and windows become vulnerabilities, and even household pets are not immune to the tactics of savvy burglars armed with dog treats. To address these evolving security challenges and provide an advanced and responsive solution, this research endeavours to design and construct a residential intruder alarm system using GSM technology, introducing an innovative approach by employing phone calls for real-time alerts. Leveraging innovative sensors and communication protocols, this system promptly detects and reports unauthorized access, offering users real-time remote monitoring capabilities. The project's objectives encompass system design and integration, reliable intrusion detection mechanisms, remote alerting via phone calls through a GSM module, and rigorous testing and validation. The Wireless Intruder Alarm System, developed, has yielded promising results in addressing security concerns and providing an efficient solution for intrusion detection and notification. Motion detection, the core functionality of the system, has proven highly effective, with the PIR (Passive Infrared) sensor consistently detecting motion within its defined field of view. Upon detection, the system promptly triggers the alarm, providing a swift response to potential intrusions. The significant innovation introduced in this project lies in the utilization of phone calls as a means of alerting users when an intruder is detected. This departure from traditional SMS notifications addresses the drawbacks associated with text-based alerts. Phone calls are inherently more immediate and attention-grabbing, ensuring that users are promptly informed of security incidents. The research highlights the value of this innovative approach by emphasizing the immediacy, audibility, and effectiveness of phone calls, particularly in urgent security scenarios. This ground-breaking integration of phone call alerts enhances the overall responsiveness of the intruder alarm system. It ensures that users receive timely and attention-commanding notifications, thereby facilitating quicker responses to potential security threats. The abstraction from SMS to phone calls represents a significant stride in optimizing notification methods, addressing user preferences, timeliness, privacy concerns, and cost considerations. This research contributes valuable insights into the realm of security systems, paving the way for enhanced and user-centric approaches in fortifying homes and businesses against intrusions.
Abstract: In an era marked by increased interconnectedness, the imperative to safeguard homes and businesses against security breaches has grown exponentially. Recent insights into burglary patterns reveal that conventional security measures are often insufficient to deter intruders. Unlocked doors and windows become vulnerabilities, and even household pets ...
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Research Article
Innovation and SME’S in East Africa, Evidence from Kenya
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, April 2024
Pages:
60-63
Received:
16 August 2023
Accepted:
4 September 2023
Published:
11 January 2024
Abstract: This paper examines innovation in small and medium sized enterprises (SME’S) and develops a comprehensive theoretical framework of how innovation occurs, the end result and the impact on business financial performance focusing on three types of innovations. These are management practice, process, structure or technique that is new to the state of the art and is intended to further organizational and theorization and labeling – that collectively define a model of how management innovation comes about. In its broadest sense, management innovation has of course received considerable research attention over the years. Innovation generally refers to renewing, changing or creating more effective processes, products or ways of doing things. For SME businesses, this means implementing new ideas, creating dynamic products or improving existing services. Innovation can be a catalyst for the growth and success of any business, and can help it adapt and grow in the market place. Being innovative does not mean inventing; innovation can mean changing your business model and adapting to changes in your environment to deliver better products or services. Successful innovation should be an inbuilt part of a particular business strategy and the strategic vision, where the firm creates an environment which leads to innovative thinking and creative problem solving. Innovation is accomplished through effective products, processes, services, technologies or ideas. The process of innovation inorganization’s covers people, process, and technology. Innovation is compounded in SMEs, where issues such as scarce resources and skill shortages must be recognised. Methodology: This is a conceptual paper and draws largely from secondary data, and previous studies done in the area of innovation. Results / Significance: This study contributes to the theoretical basis for understanding organizational innovation in SMEs. The proposed framework is focused and comprehensive, enabling a better understanding of innovation.
Abstract: This paper examines innovation in small and medium sized enterprises (SME’S) and develops a comprehensive theoretical framework of how innovation occurs, the end result and the impact on business financial performance focusing on three types of innovations. These are management practice, process, structure or technique that is new to the state of t...
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Research Article
Reasoned Economic Innovations for General Equilibrium Competition
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, March 2024
Pages:
64-69
Received:
5 February 2024
Accepted:
22 February 2024
Published:
7 March 2024
Abstract: When some win, others lose, and this is a natural competitive process in an equilibrium economy. With objective competition of general equilibrium, maximum efficiency and optimal use and redistribution of resources are achieved. But some hidden external and internal monopolies interfere with such equilibrium in the microeconomic markets sectors, including entire regions and industries. Accordingly, equilibrium competition is disrupted, which requires adequate unexpected innovative protective mechanisms of the state and the international community. If government economic departments or corporate management watch all criminal activity of hidden monopolies with their hands folded in pockets, a temporary disruption of effective equilibrium competition could lead to protracted stagnation and “thrombotic shocks” in local and international markets. For an example of applying the above in practice, when predatory monopolies import agricultural products at artificially low dumping prices, which ruins even very successful local businessmen, it is necessary to establish import-substituting free zones with a reasonably calculated minimum tax to stimulate exports. In objects to recommend innovative economic (fiscal-managerial) mechanisms for maintaining effective equilibrium competition, in the article, using the methods of grouping and summarizing statistical data, a preliminary assessment of countries in need of international and government support was carried out and results were obtained to improve the proportions in the core of market competition and for ease the burden of reasoned free zonal taxation.
Abstract: When some win, others lose, and this is a natural competitive process in an equilibrium economy. With objective competition of general equilibrium, maximum efficiency and optimal use and redistribution of resources are achieved. But some hidden external and internal monopolies interfere with such equilibrium in the microeconomic markets sectors, in...
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