Finite Element Study on the Vibration of Functionally Graded Beam with Different Temperature Conditions
Kazem Reza Kashyzadeh,
Alireza Amiri Asfarjani
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 6, December 2016
Pages:
57-65
Received:
10 September 2016
Accepted:
27 October 2016
Published:
23 December 2016
Abstract: Functional graded materials have been wide range of applications in the different industries such as automotive, machine, aerospace and etc. So, the vibration analysis under different conditions is very important. FGMs are made of a ceramic and a metal to protect against large temperature gradients. The main objective of this research is to study of the effect of temperature field on the natural frequencies of functional graded (FG) beams with different conditions. The finite element model has been simulated in ANSYS. It is assumed that the beam is made of ceramic and metal, and the effective material properties such as Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio and etc. are temperature-dependent and vary continuously through the thickness direction according to a power-law distribution. Natural frequencies have been obtained with different conditions in the environmental temperature. Thus, modal analysis has been performed for a FGM beam with C-C and C-F supports. The obtained results have been compared with other published papers. It has a good agreement. Then, the effect of temperature field and slenderness ratio have been studied on the frequency values of FG thick beams. It is found that the natural frequency of the system is reduced by temperature increasing under all support conditions. And it is reduced by decreasing zirconia material at every constant temperature.
Abstract: Functional graded materials have been wide range of applications in the different industries such as automotive, machine, aerospace and etc. So, the vibration analysis under different conditions is very important. FGMs are made of a ceramic and a metal to protect against large temperature gradients. The main objective of this research is to study o...
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Improving Quality of Alloys and Saving Alloying and Refining Additives While the External Cathode and Anode Are Exposed to the Melt in Constant Electric Field
Harast Aliaxandr Ivanavich
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 6, December 2016
Pages:
66-72
Received:
3 December 2016
Accepted:
19 December 2016
Published:
10 January 2017
Abstract: The advanced methods for the alloy composition regulation at some consumption of slag-forming additives are suggested. When implementing the proposed technology, the slag functions as a protector and electric conductor, and redox processes are determined by the magnitude and the applied potential function. The cathodic and anodic polarization of aluminum alloys in alundum and graphite crucibles is studied with the curves polarization method. The behavior of components of aluminum alloys is studied under external cathodic and anodic effects of the melt with a constant electric field. During the cathode polarization there is a significant decrease of Mg loss in the aging process of the melt; on the contrary, anodic polarization increases the loss in comparison with the melting without external electrochemical action. The content of iron and nickel under anodic polarity of the melt is not reduced if it is compared to the melting without electrochemical action due to passivation. The elements at the end of the electrochemical series are mostly protected. Thus, copper, under the cathodic polarization, and especially the anodic one is wasted less.
Abstract: The advanced methods for the alloy composition regulation at some consumption of slag-forming additives are suggested. When implementing the proposed technology, the slag functions as a protector and electric conductor, and redox processes are determined by the magnitude and the applied potential function. The cathodic and anodic polarization of al...
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Ionic Liquid Crystalline Systems Consisting of Polyammonium and Counter Carboxylate Ions
Shiori Tomitaka,
Masanori Nata,
Seiji Ujiie
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 6, December 2016
Pages:
73-76
Received:
7 December 2016
Accepted:
29 December 2016
Published:
24 January 2017
Abstract: Novel ionic liquid crystals consisting of polyammonium and carboxylate ions were synthesized by ion complexation of polyethyleneimine and carboxylic acids (α,ω-dicarboxylic acids and hydroxyalkanoic acid). Their thermal properties and orientational behavior were examined by polarizing microscopic observation, differential scanning calorimetry, and variable temperature X-ray diffraction measurements. The ionic liquid crystals exhibited thermotropic liquid crystalline phases. The ionic liquid crystals (BP/ndA) bearing counter dicarboxylate ions formed a cubic phase upon heating and cooling. On the other hand, the ionic liquid crystal bearing the counter hydroxyalkanoate ion exhibited enantiotropic smectic A and smectic B phases with focal conic fan textures. These ionic liquid crystalline phases were formed by ionic and hydrophobic interactions because they did not have an aromatic mesogenic group.
Abstract: Novel ionic liquid crystals consisting of polyammonium and carboxylate ions were synthesized by ion complexation of polyethyleneimine and carboxylic acids (α,ω-dicarboxylic acids and hydroxyalkanoic acid). Their thermal properties and orientational behavior were examined by polarizing microscopic observation, differential scanning calorimetry, and ...
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