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The Influence of Metal Surfaces on the Effect of Lubricants
Jürgen Rigo,
Pavel Kovačócy,
Joachim Schulz,
Katja Vlasov
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2018
Pages:
58-66
Received:
12 June 2018
Accepted:
6 July 2018
Published:
13 August 2018
Abstract: An important aspect of tribology and lubrication is the question of the relationships and the predictability of phenomena of the interaction of lubricants with metal surfaces. In recent years studies on interactions of antiwear additives and sulfur carriers have been presented. Significant differences in the interaction with different metal surfaces (C steel or stainless steel) could be observed. Recent studies have shown that a different, especially mechanical, pretreatment of metal surfaces (C-steel) can lead to very different results.
Abstract: An important aspect of tribology and lubrication is the question of the relationships and the predictability of phenomena of the interaction of lubricants with metal surfaces. In recent years studies on interactions of antiwear additives and sulfur carriers have been presented. Significant differences in the interaction with different metal surface...
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Experimental and FEM Simulation Analysis of Lateral Extrusion Process on Bimetal Cross Fitting
Le Thai Hung,
Do Quang Long,
Le Trung Kien,
Vu Xuan Hung,
Pham Quang
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2018
Pages:
67-72
Received:
17 June 2018
Accepted:
9 July 2018
Published:
15 August 2018
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to study combines the finite element method model and experimental on bimetal cross fitting by lateral extrusion process. Fabricating bimetallic cross fitting by lateral extrusion technique remains some difficulties like taking the product out of the die hardly, harming the die longevity since the high compressive force and friction effects. The Finite Element Method (FEM) results of bimetal cross fitting lateral extrusion process were obtained from ABAQUS software such as: Stress distribution, metal flow and influence of sleeve thickness. Numerical results were compared with the experimental results shown a good agreement. The bimetal cross fitting has been successfully fabricated by lateral extrusion process. The results showed a close agreement between the numerical simulation and experimental analysis of bimetal cross fitting.
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to study combines the finite element method model and experimental on bimetal cross fitting by lateral extrusion process. Fabricating bimetallic cross fitting by lateral extrusion technique remains some difficulties like taking the product out of the die hardly, harming the die longevity since the high compressive force...
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Fabrication of Tin Oxide Thin Film Transistors by RF Magnetron Sputtering Using Sn/SnO Composite Target
Cheol Kim,
Sarah Eunkyung Kim
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2018
Pages:
73-77
Received:
12 July 2018
Accepted:
24 July 2018
Published:
17 August 2018
Abstract: P-type tin oxide thin film deposited by RF sputtering for transparent thin film transistor (TFT) applications is the subject of this study. P-type tin oxide thin film can be made by doping a cation with a lower valence into n-type SnO2 as an acceptor impurity or by fabrication with tin monoxide (SnO). The later method was investigated in this study by RF magnetron sputtering process, which has a high deposition rate, uniform thickness control, simple stoichiometry control, and reproducibility. A Sn/SnO composite target was used in RF sputtering to utilize the benefits of both metallic and ceramic sputtering targets. A Sn/SnO composite target is expected to provide p-type tin oxide thin films that are easier to manufacture than metallic target or ceramic target. The metallic Sn element provides an excellent control of structural defects, while the ceramic SnO element provides stable stoichiometry. The p-type tin oxide thin film with a Sn/SnO composite target showed very good transparency of ~95%. and excellent electrical properties. The p-type tin oxide thin film of 15nm thickness had a carrier concentration of 8.03X1015cm-3 and a mobility of 15.2cm2/Vs. With these ultrathin tin oxide films, a p-channel TFT was fabricated with a staggered bottom-gate structure, and the effect of different channel thicknesses and different distances between the two electrodes were evaluated. The tin oxide TFT with a thick p-channel layer showed a significant increase in current measured than the tin oxide with a thin p-channel layer. The current measured tended to increase greatly as the distance between electrodes decreased. The IV output curves of the tin oxide TFTs exhibited characteristics of bipolar transistors potentially due to the partial creation of the oxygen-deficient SnO2 like structure, but the mechanism of bipolar transistor characteristics from the p-channel tin oxide TFT is still unclear. The fabrication of highly transparent tin oxide thin film with bipolar transistor characteristics is demonstrated herein.
Abstract: P-type tin oxide thin film deposited by RF sputtering for transparent thin film transistor (TFT) applications is the subject of this study. P-type tin oxide thin film can be made by doping a cation with a lower valence into n-type SnO2 as an acceptor impurity or by fabrication with tin monoxide (SnO). The later method was investigated in this study...
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Mechanical Properties of Hybrid Composites with Date Palm Fibre Reinforcement
Subramanya Raghavendra,
Nantha Muthu Sivaram,
Tabassum Sadik,
Shimoga Sathyanarayana Prabhakara
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2018
Pages:
78-81
Received:
23 July 2018
Accepted:
7 August 2018
Published:
4 September 2018
Abstract: Plant-based fibres are commonly used as reinforcements in polymer composites for applications such as packaging, construction, automotive, and decorative household items. This process will reduce the cost of production along with eliminating solid wastes. Here, composite materials were prepared using epoxy resin as the matrix and date palm fibres, polyester, and carbon fibre mats as the reinforcement. The date palm fibres were pre-treated in a 10% alkali solution before use. Composites laminates were prepared using vacuum moulding technique. As these composites are intended to use for structural applications, it is necessary to study the tensile and flexural strength of the prepared composites. The effects of the date palm fiber with polyester and carbon fiber materials on the mechanical properties were determined. Along with The mechanical properties, the morphology of the fibre-matrix interface after fracture was evaluated. It was realized that the composites materials fails due to fiberpullout and debonding. It was also found that natural fibers are hydrophilic in nature, which causes delamination. These results were supported by scanning electron micrographs taken of the fracture surfaces. The hybrid composite containing date palm fibres and the polyester mat showed the highest ultimate tensile strength of 43.41 MPa, which was attributed to enhanced fibre-matrix adhesion due to the alkali pre-treatment. The results indicated that when the date palm fiber were added along with polyester mat, the tensile and bending strength were incresed. whereas both the strength uneffected when datepalmfiber added along with hybrid combination of carbon and polyester mat.
Abstract: Plant-based fibres are commonly used as reinforcements in polymer composites for applications such as packaging, construction, automotive, and decorative household items. This process will reduce the cost of production along with eliminating solid wastes. Here, composite materials were prepared using epoxy resin as the matrix and date palm fibres, ...
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Compound Design for Continuously Cast Concrete to Underlie an Extensive Ice Layer in the 13th National Winter Games Venues
Liu Jun,
Zhang Ping,
Wang Qin,
Li Kai,
Chen Xu,
Bai Guoqiang
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2018
Pages:
82-88
Received:
5 July 2018
Accepted:
21 August 2018
Published:
26 September 2018
Abstract: This paper details the design process and testing procedure used to create frost-resistant concrete for this engineering project, which involved considering properties such as tendency to shrinkage and durability. Through the examination of performance indices, it is shown that the designed concrete mix met the requirements of the design and of construction through continuous casting, specifically C40F250 concrete with a low shrinkage rate, good performance under freeze-thaw conditions, and no cracking under the pressure of an extensive layer of ice.
Abstract: This paper details the design process and testing procedure used to create frost-resistant concrete for this engineering project, which involved considering properties such as tendency to shrinkage and durability. Through the examination of performance indices, it is shown that the designed concrete mix met the requirements of the design and of con...
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