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The Role of the Traditional Rulers in the Fight Against Covid 19 in Ghana
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 5, October 2020
Pages:
140-145
Received:
4 August 2020
Accepted:
17 August 2020
Published:
31 August 2020
Abstract: The outbreak of the health pandemic, novel Coronavirus 2019 (COVID19) in Ghana brought untold hardship to Ghanaians in the form of loss of jobs increase in prices of certain essential items such as hand sanitizers, nose masks and food in the face of a three week lock down in Accra, the national capital and Kumasi, the regional capital of the Asante region stretched government beyond limits because Kumasi which serves as the neck between the north and south of the country had its economic activity halted. In the heat of this situation the greatly affected people were the vulnerable in society who hardly can make ends meet. However, since shouldering of state responsibilities and assisting the poor in society cannot be the responsibility of the state alone, in instances where push comes to shove, both state and non-state actors all lend a helping hand to the government to help deal with such difficulty situations. One particular non state actor that on a number of occasions have lived up to its calling has been traditional rulers. The fourth republican constitution of Ghana which was promulgated in 1992 recognises traditional rule and gives the actors in charge the powers to perform some non-statutory functions in their areas of jurisdiction to promote the wellbeing of their people. It is in the face of this mandate that the paper examines the role the traditional rulers played in the fight of the outbreak of the COVID 19 in Ghana. The paper uses the content analysis approach to explore the support traditional rulers offered the Ghanaian populace based on news reportage to help ameliorate the suffering of their subjects during the pandemic period by way of giving handouts, providing both cooked and dry foods and sanitary items to the masses to help reduce their burden in the pandemic period. Based on what most of the traditional rulers did, the paper concludes that traditional rulers in Ghana as non-state actors, are a force to reckon with and a solid partner to government in providing the needs of the country.
Abstract: The outbreak of the health pandemic, novel Coronavirus 2019 (COVID19) in Ghana brought untold hardship to Ghanaians in the form of loss of jobs increase in prices of certain essential items such as hand sanitizers, nose masks and food in the face of a three week lock down in Accra, the national capital and Kumasi, the regional capital of the Asante...
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Complexity and Transformation of Education: The Transition from the Local to the Global
Olga Cecilia Basora Gomez
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 5, October 2020
Pages:
146-154
Received:
29 July 2020
Accepted:
24 August 2020
Published:
8 September 2020
Abstract: The relationship between the social, economic, and political systems with the educational system has always existed, but the observation of this correspondence through the gaze of complexity has only been carried out since recent times. Upon delving into it, an ever-growing dynamism is observed in that interdependence. To the extent that the development of the educational system is observed throughout history, the presence of the social, political, and economic system in it is more evident and vice versa. The complexity allows us to observe how the characteristic features of a long, centuries-long first stage, spurred on by the environment, are transformed into others and how they support the system that supports them. It is also observed how the traits belonging to the second stage are useless in these historical moments of social transformation, which is why a new transformation in education is taking place. What are the actions of the environment that can force an educational transformation to take place? What are those traits that characterize today's education? Where is education headed? Surprisingly, the center-periphery relationship emerges as the protagonist in the investigation of the relationship between these systems. This research tries not only to show the existence of this relationship but also the need to delve into it to glimpse the new trends in educational transformation.
Abstract: The relationship between the social, economic, and political systems with the educational system has always existed, but the observation of this correspondence through the gaze of complexity has only been carried out since recent times. Upon delving into it, an ever-growing dynamism is observed in that interdependence. To the extent that the develo...
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Role of Smart Phone Apps on Smart Phone Addiction Among Nigerian Undergraduates: Impact of Age, Gender, and Phone-Type
Esther Ukwuoma Orji,
Levi-Lortyom Doofan Jennifer,
Malla Naomi,
Ewah-Otu Beatrice,
Ugwu Gloria Ifeoma,
Asogwa Kelechukwu Deborah
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 5, October 2020
Pages:
155-159
Received:
23 June 2020
Accepted:
17 July 2020
Published:
14 September 2020
Abstract: The constant inclination on the use of smart phone applications (Apps) among students has gone above from normal purposes of using a smart phone to more active stage of conscious engagement in elaborate use. This has lead to one of behavioural problem prevailing among them today. This study sought to unveil the degree to which undergraduates are craving to smart phone apps and their demographic profile. Researching on the impact of Age, gender, and phone-type on Smart Phone Apps craving could probe into the prevailing variable that contributes greatly to Smart phone addiction. One hundred and two (102) undergraduates (51 males, and 51 females) aged 20 and 40 years ( M=2 5.35 years, SD= 2.58) participated in this study. The questionnaire used include group of questions related to demographic characteristics, and the Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS-SV) for measuring the studied variables. Purposive sampling techniques were used for data collection and Anova Statistics was used for data analysis. The result of the analysis showed that Age, and Phone-type had a significant main effect on Smart phone addiction, indicating that the age of these students and the type of phone they use aid to increase Smart phone addiction found among them. Gender did not account for Smart phone addiction. It was concluded that Age and Phone-type should be considered to be important factors in psychosocial interventions to minimize Smart phone addiction of undergraduates.
Abstract: The constant inclination on the use of smart phone applications (Apps) among students has gone above from normal purposes of using a smart phone to more active stage of conscious engagement in elaborate use. This has lead to one of behavioural problem prevailing among them today. This study sought to unveil the degree to which undergraduates are cr...
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India-China Friendship in a New Era with Diplomacy
Sunil Kumar Saroha,
Bakaye Poudiougo
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 5, October 2020
Pages:
160-163
Received:
3 September 2020
Accepted:
15 September 2020
Published:
21 September 2020
Abstract: The connections among China and India, in any case, alluded to as Sino-Indian connections or Indian Chinese relations suggest China's two-sided relations with India. The tone of the relationship has vacillated after some time; the two nations have sought after fiscal participation with one another, while in India infrequent periphery conflicts and money related energy are a huge issue. Present-day relations started in 1950 when India was among the essential countries to end formal binds with the Republic of China (Taiwan) and acknowledge the People's Republic of China as the genuine administration of Mainland China. China and India are the two primary common forces in Asia and are two of the worlds to a great extent swarmed and quickest creating economies around the world. Development in political and financial quality has made their reciprocal relationship more significant. Chinese-Indian social and monetary ties go back to old occasions. Not just has the Silk Road went about as a significant exchanging course among India and China however it is likewise credited to advance the proliferation of Buddhism from India to East Asia.
Abstract: The connections among China and India, in any case, alluded to as Sino-Indian connections or Indian Chinese relations suggest China's two-sided relations with India. The tone of the relationship has vacillated after some time; the two nations have sought after fiscal participation with one another, while in India infrequent periphery conflicts and ...
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Emerging Patterns of Social Capital, Livelihoods and Sustainable Development in Post-Conflict Northern Uganda
Mary Ejang,
Apio Sarah Okite
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 5, October 2020
Pages:
164-174
Received:
4 September 2020
Accepted:
28 September 2020
Published:
12 October 2020
Abstract: This qualitative study, conducted in Oyam district northern Uganda, presents an ethnographic analysis of the transformation of the social capital available to former internally displaced persons (IDPs) by the Lords’ Resistance Army (LRA) conflict, and the implications for their livelihood strategies. Northern Uganda suffered a protracted two decade (1986-2006) civil war between the LRA and Government of Uganda. Forced conscription, abduction and eventual displacement into camps by the combatants shattered the mutual trusts and capital that communities had accumulated overtime. This paper applied case study design to investigate the emerging forms of social capital among former displaced persons and the respondents were purposively selected. In-depth interviews were held with Government civil servants and local leaders while focus group discussions were conducted with community members to explore opinions on the after-displacement livelihood strategies. Sustainable livelihoods and social capital theories were applied to analyse the relationship between social capital and livelihood resilience upon returning home from displacement. The findings indicated that while emerging from displacement, family members moved in phases with family heads and elder children returning first to prepare livelihood strategies. Both positive and negative networks emerged that influenced preference for social groups and livelihood activities. The established social groups comprised of ‘doggola’ (kinship) relationships, wage-labour, neighbours, friendship, alcohol consumption and informal social support groups. Despite the dynamics experienced in social capital and livelihood activities, the former IDPs modified and reverted to the traditional social capital. This paper concludes that amidst conflict and displacement, social capital sustains household welfare and community development hence, social capital does not vanish but changes forms. Thus, the post-conflict reconstruction programme ought to integrate social capital into its package for sustainability purpose.
Abstract: This qualitative study, conducted in Oyam district northern Uganda, presents an ethnographic analysis of the transformation of the social capital available to former internally displaced persons (IDPs) by the Lords’ Resistance Army (LRA) conflict, and the implications for their livelihood strategies. Northern Uganda suffered a protracted two decade...
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How Does Propaganda Affect Tax Compliance: An Empirical Study Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior in China
Li Zhiwei,
Zhang Huang,
Chen Wenjiao,
Zhang Qing,
Hao Weiqi
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 5, October 2020
Pages:
175-185
Received:
5 September 2020
Accepted:
23 September 2020
Published:
14 October 2020
Abstract: Tax propaganda has always been an important task for the whole nation's financial system at all levels for all countries, although the importance of tax propaganda has been deeply recognized by tax administration authorities and previous studies, but the affecting mechanism of tax propaganda still lacks empirical study support. In order to close the gap regarding the affecting mechanism of tax propaganda on tax compliance, a questionnaire survey was conducted regarding the tax compliance intention of 304 individual industrial and commercial taxpayers in China. Based on the theory of planned behavior, the analyses reveal that tax compliance attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control completely mediate the impact of tax propaganda on tax compliance intention, which shows the dominance of this mechanism. What is more, tax compliance attitude is the most important mediating variable, and the role of subjective norms is only half that of attitude, while perceived behavioral control has less than half the role of subjective norms. In addition of this, although the moderating effect is relatively small, but tax service satisfaction still negatively moderates the mediating effect of attitude and subjective norms. Through these research findings, our study has taken a step towards understanding the mechanism of tax propaganda on tax compliance.
Abstract: Tax propaganda has always been an important task for the whole nation's financial system at all levels for all countries, although the importance of tax propaganda has been deeply recognized by tax administration authorities and previous studies, but the affecting mechanism of tax propaganda still lacks empirical study support. In order to close th...
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Exploring the Value of Clean and Safe Drinking Water to Northern Irish Adults
Hannah Blair,
Kieran Higgins
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 5, October 2020
Pages:
186-194
Received:
24 September 2020
Accepted:
13 October 2020
Published:
20 October 2020
Abstract: Unlike many other countries, Northern Ireland residents do not pay separate water charges and there has been significant political and social controversy about their introduction. Therefore, this paper explores how Northern Ireland residents value access to clean, safe drinking water. Using the open-ended contingent valuation method, 205 adults were asked to provide their annual willingness-to-pay to maintain their current level of service provision, their willingness-to-accept to have it taken away, and their willingness-to-give to ensure similar service provision in a developing country. The results show that the value of clean, safe drinking water to Northern Irish adults is £120 per year, far less than both the real cost of provision, or the nominal amount paid through other combined charging instruments, demonstrating that said level of access to water is significantly undervalued by the Northern Irish people. Education levels and gender were found to be statistically significant predictors of willingness-to-pay and willingness-to-accept, respectively. Participants appeared to value their own access slightly more than that of people in developing countries, but not significantly more. The protest zeros observed throughout this study identified participants’ resistance to change. The results suggest introducing water charges in NI will continue to be a fraught process, with significant difficulty accepting rates set.
Abstract: Unlike many other countries, Northern Ireland residents do not pay separate water charges and there has been significant political and social controversy about their introduction. Therefore, this paper explores how Northern Ireland residents value access to clean, safe drinking water. Using the open-ended contingent valuation method, 205 adults wer...
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Security Preparedness and Organizational Operations in Laikipia County, Kenya
Murithi Lawrence Muthee,
Philip Wambua Peter
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 5, October 2020
Pages:
195-211
Received:
14 September 2020
Accepted:
6 October 2020
Published:
22 October 2020
Abstract: The aim of the study was to establish how availability of closed circuit television, security services, firefighting equipment and medical facilities contributed to organizational operations. Descriptive research was adopted in the study to identify how organizational operations are affected by security preparedness. The study targeted a population of one thousand one hundred respondents comprising of business owners, heads of institutions, security operatives and clients out of which a sample size of one hundred and ten respondents was selected. The study collected both primary and secondary data using semi-structured questionnaire and reviewed empirical and theoretical literatures respectively. The collected data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and presented in pie charts, bar charts and graphs. Pilot testing of the instruments was conducted to ascertain their reliability. The study findings indicated that there is a positive and important relationship between CCTV and organizational operations. Likewise, there was a positively significant correlation between security service personnel and organizational operations. The effect of firefighting equipment on organizational operations was moderate according to the study findings. Additionally, the study found out that the influence of medical facilities on organizational operations was moderate. The study recommends an increase of CCTV coverage within Nanyuki, modernization of firefighting equipment, standardized operating procedures for security service providers and an evaluation of preparedness of medical facilities within Nanyuki town on the ability for mass casualty response.
Abstract: The aim of the study was to establish how availability of closed circuit television, security services, firefighting equipment and medical facilities contributed to organizational operations. Descriptive research was adopted in the study to identify how organizational operations are affected by security preparedness. The study targeted a population...
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