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Determinates of Rural and Per-Urban Youth Participation in Micro and Small Agricultural Enterprises in Gurage and Silte Zone
Seid Mohamed,
Destaw Muluye
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
1-7
Received:
30 December 2021
Accepted:
18 January 2022
Published:
24 January 2022
Abstract: In southern nation nationalities and peoples’ region, youths are less willing to participate in micro and small agricultural enterprises. Due to these, huge amount of money from the government which was allocated for this purpose is not being used as expected. The study was conducted in Gurage and Silte zone of southern nations and nationalities peoples region of Ethiopia with the objectives of identifying determinates of rural and peri-urban youth participation in MSAE, identifying different agricultural enterprises available and the need of the youth, analyze determinants of effectiveness of micro and small agricultural enterprises they were participated and identify constraints and opportunities in their involvement in micro and small agricultural enterprises. In order to attain this objective both primary and secondary data were employed. The primary data were generated from 46 non micro and small agricultural enterprises participant and from 108 micro and small agricultural enterprises participant youths, totally from 154 sample youths. The primary data from Individual interview and key informant interview was generated by using pre-tested, structured questionnaire and check list respectively based on multi-stage random sampling method. This was supported by secondary data collected from different published and unpublished sources. The binary Logit model was used to identify determinants of rural and peri-urban youth participation in micro and small agricultural enterprises. The model result of the study reveals that out of 13 explanatory variables, 5 variables were found to be significant in determining youth participation in micro and small agricultural enterprises. This were Land size, total income, lack of awareness, lack of initial saving and lack of commitment by officials were found to be significantly affecting youth participation in micro and small agricultural enterprises. The study suggested that strengthen the financial capability of youth by providing enough amount of credit without initial saving is a strategy to increases youth participation in micro and small agricultural enterprises. The government should create awareness or information about micro and small agricultural enterprises for the youths.
Abstract: In southern nation nationalities and peoples’ region, youths are less willing to participate in micro and small agricultural enterprises. Due to these, huge amount of money from the government which was allocated for this purpose is not being used as expected. The study was conducted in Gurage and Silte zone of southern nations and nationalities pe...
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Factors Affecting Pineapple Production in Central Agricultural Zone of Cross River State, Nigeria
Oniah Monday Olah,
Edem Tete Okon
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
8-14
Received:
25 December 2021
Accepted:
24 January 2022
Published:
25 February 2022
Abstract: The study analyzed the factors affecting pineapple production in Central Agricultural Zone of Cross River State, Nigeria during the 2020 cropping season. The Study described the socio-economic characteristics of the farmers, determined the major productive factors that affect pineapple production, examined the gross margin per hectare and identified some major constraints in pineapple production in the area. A multistage sampling technique was used for the selection of one hundred (100) pineapple farming households. The main tool for data collection was a set of structured questionnaire. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, gross margin analysis and multiple regression analysis. The result of the socio-economic variables revealed that 69% of the respondents were females while 31% were males. Majorities (44%) were within the age bracket of 31-40 years, 53% were married with an average household size of eight persons and about 86% had formal education. The findings of the study indicated that pineapple production in the study area was profitable. The regression analysis revealed the major factors that significantly affected pineapple production in the area include farm size, labour, cost of fertilizer and cost of pineapple suckers. The major constraints of pineapple production identified by the respondents were lack of storage facilities, lack of access to credit facilities, amongst others. The study, therefore, recommends that good policies should be formulated by the government to assist farmers gain access to formal loans and grants so that they can purchase required inputs. Government should work with the private sector to improve on infrastructural facilities such as road transports and storage facilities so as to boost market linkages and reduce post- harvest losses. The findings of this study will help the pineapple farmers to know their challenges in pineapple production and advance ways of solving them so that production per hectare could be raised, thereby adding value to their farm income and raising their standard of living.
Abstract: The study analyzed the factors affecting pineapple production in Central Agricultural Zone of Cross River State, Nigeria during the 2020 cropping season. The Study described the socio-economic characteristics of the farmers, determined the major productive factors that affect pineapple production, examined the gross margin per hectare and identifie...
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The Influence of Periodic Fires on the High Guinean Savannas and the Carbon Stock in Cameroun
Pamboundem Ndam Aïchetou,
Tchobsala,
Mapongmetsem Pierre Marie,
Oumarou Zéphirin,
Dona Adoum
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
15-24
Received:
28 January 2022
Accepted:
16 February 2022
Published:
25 February 2022
Abstract: The influence of periodic fires in the high Guinean savannas of Cameroon on woody plants and carbon stock is poorly documented. To fill this gap, work was carried out in the high Guinean savannas of Cameroon with the aim of contributing to the assessment of the effects of periodic fires on the woody cover and the carbon stock. The methodology used consists of carrying out semi-structured household surveys and floristic inventories in the Arrondissement of Ngaoundéré III and Ngan’ha, in the Department of Vina. A total of 50 households were interviewed at a rate of 25 per Borough according to a questionnaire prepared beforehand. For the botanical inventories, 02 types of savannah were selected: regularly burnt savannas (shrub savannas, wooded savannas) and those not burned for at least 10 years (shrub savannas, tree savannas). The choice of control savannas was made according to the indications of the peasants. In each of them, the 1km x 20m transects were covered and the diameter at breast height (dbh) of the woody plants was measured using a dbh meter at 1.3 m from the ground for large trees. and at 30 or 50 cm from the ground for shrubs and shrubs. The results show that climate change is palpable in the area. The rains are increasingly rare, the drought has become severe and the agricultural calendar is no longer respected. The specific diversity has become relatively low with 51 species having been inventoried, divided into 46 genera and 23 families. Savannahs that are not burnt produce more biomass than those that are burnt. The perfect illustration is given by the non-burnt tree savannah of Ngaoundere III with an above-ground and root biomass of 102.23 t/ha and 20.70 t/ha respectively. Annona senegalensis (1.27 tC/ha) is the species contributing massively to carbon sequestration in the high savannas of the Vina. Thus, by acting on the availability of plant biomass, fires contribute to the erosion of biodiversity. Adequate measures are urgently needed to limit bushfires.
Abstract: The influence of periodic fires in the high Guinean savannas of Cameroon on woody plants and carbon stock is poorly documented. To fill this gap, work was carried out in the high Guinean savannas of Cameroon with the aim of contributing to the assessment of the effects of periodic fires on the woody cover and the carbon stock. The methodology used ...
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The Role of Livelihood Assets on the Improvement of the Livelihoods of Fisher Households in Zanzibar
Waziri Ali Hamad,
Gazi Md Nurul Islam
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
25-36
Received:
29 January 2022
Accepted:
21 February 2022
Published:
28 February 2022
Abstract: Fishery in Zanzibar play a significant role in the economy for income, food security and employment status. Many inhabitants from coastal areas of Zanzibar engaged in fishing activities for income and subsistence need. Majority of the fishers in Zanzibar are poor. They are engaged in fish catch in inshore areas using traditional fishing boats and gears. Fisher’s income has been gradually reduced due to declining fish catch which is attributed to poor fishing technology, use of non-motorized small fishing vessels and overfishing. The aim of this study is to investigate how capital assets contribute to the household income and wellbeing of small-scale fishers in Zanzibar. Data used in this study obtained through face to face interview with 226 respondents. The regression results indicated that financial capital, human capital, social capital and natural capital have significantly contributed to the income of fisher households in Zanzibar. The access of assets play a very significant role in the poverty reduction in coastal areas in Zanzibar. The government may prioritised to invest in fish market facilities and improve some services including social network, education, credit facilities for increasing income and reducing poverty to the fishers in the islands of Zanzibar.
Abstract: Fishery in Zanzibar play a significant role in the economy for income, food security and employment status. Many inhabitants from coastal areas of Zanzibar engaged in fishing activities for income and subsistence need. Majority of the fishers in Zanzibar are poor. They are engaged in fish catch in inshore areas using traditional fishing boats and g...
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An Economic Evaluation Towards Sustainability: The Case of a Hybrid Renewable Energy System in Greece
Anastasios Lemonis,
Sofia Skroufouta,
Evangelos Baltas
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
37-47
Received:
18 November 2021
Accepted:
17 December 2021
Published:
11 March 2022
Abstract: There is a global effort to integrate renewable energy sources (RES) into the energy balance, setting out to develop a more sustainable future. The dependence of RES on natural phenomena and their low reliability can be mitigated by hybrid renewable energy systems (HRES). In this paper, an evaluation of an under-study HRES in Leros, Greece, is carried out in order to examine the economic viability of the project and its contribution to sustainability. Two scenarios are being examined, according to the eligible grant. In the first case, the project receives a 40% State subsidy in contrast to the second, which receives a 60% funding from the Innovation Fund 2020 (IF). The main difference, between these two scenarios, is the size of the loan taken, whereas in the IF scenario it is 20% less than the first one. Several results can be obtained by this study, as follows: i) in both cases, the project is considered profitable for water and energy selling prices, 91.7% and 67% lower than the current ones respectively. ii) in the case of IF scenario, the same internal rate of return (IRR) index is achieved, with 0.15 €/m3 less compared to the price in the case of State subsidy.
Abstract: There is a global effort to integrate renewable energy sources (RES) into the energy balance, setting out to develop a more sustainable future. The dependence of RES on natural phenomena and their low reliability can be mitigated by hybrid renewable energy systems (HRES). In this paper, an evaluation of an under-study HRES in Leros, Greece, is carr...
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