Serum Zinc Deficiency Test, Its Importance and Prevention during Pregnancy
Entela Treska,
Kozeta Vaso,
Zhani Treska
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 3, September 2015
Pages:
33-42
Received:
6 July 2015
Accepted:
14 July 2015
Published:
17 July 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsqa.20150103.11
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Abstract: Because zinc is so important across numerous functions, a deficiency of it can cause a host of problems. Zinc deficiency during pregnancy can negatively affect both the mother and fetus. A healthy, balanced diet can help provide necessary minerals and vitamins. Zinc deficiency is caused by inadequate levels of zinc in the diet. It also plays a role in carbohydrate breakdown (which supplies energy), as well as in cell growth, division and reproduction. Medical tests can determine whether our body fluids contain high levels of zinc. Samples of blood or feces can be collected in a doctor's office and sent to a laboratory that can measure zinc levels. 500 samples for this study were taken from May 2011 until December 2012, at the University Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology "Queen Geraldine" in Tirana, Albania. These was a random selection of these samples and groups obtained from this study resulted in normal pregnant women (control group) and high risk pregnant women, from first to third trimester of pregnancy. During this period we studied the clinical cartels of each pregnant woman, in the premises of the hospital archives, to differentiate cases according to hospitalization diagnoses, maternal age, phetus age etc. Laboratory work for this study was done at the “Public Health Institution” in Tirana, using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS VARIAN-200); Clinical-Biochemical Laboratory "PhD. Stelijan Buzo "in Tirana, using Photometry (End-Point); “The Nuclear Physics Institution” in Tirana, using Total X-ray Fluorescence. Data taken from the corresponding laboratories, were divided into different groups, to differentiate pregnant women and make the comparison to the control group (normal pregnant women). Pregnant women were divided according to: age, number of deliveries, fetus age, education, residence and also hospitality diagnosis. The most frequent diagnosis and their prevalence of deficiency was as follows: Cephalic: 131 cases (26.2%), from which 90 cases (18%) resulted in zinc deficiency; Partus premature: 71 cases (14.2%), from which 41 cases (8.2%) resulted in zinc deficiency; Hypertension: 63 cases (12.6%), from which 44 cases (8.8%) resulted in zinc deficiency; Anemia: 45 cases (9%), from which 37 cases (7.4%) resulted in zinc deficiency. There were no significant changes (Fexperimental< Fcritical) between three laboratories using different methods (Photometry, Total X-Ray Fluorescence and Atomic Absorption).
Abstract: Because zinc is so important across numerous functions, a deficiency of it can cause a host of problems. Zinc deficiency during pregnancy can negatively affect both the mother and fetus. A healthy, balanced diet can help provide necessary minerals and vitamins. Zinc deficiency is caused by inadequate levels of zinc in the diet. It also plays a role...
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Micro-embedded Skimmer in Autonomous Underwater Micro-robots
Alireza Shourangiz Haghighi,
Amin Haghnegahdar,
Reza Jahromi Bosheri,
Iman Zare
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 3, September 2015
Pages:
43-53
Received:
7 July 2015
Accepted:
20 July 2015
Published:
23 July 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsqa.20150103.12
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Abstract: Bio-inspired underwater micro-robots with inspire from dynamic variant spaces of animals utilizing of the ICPF (Ionic Conducting Polymer Films) actuator as a propulsion is developed recently. These micro-robots with multi Degrees of Freedom cause them walk smoothly in underwater environments have urgently been demanded with variety kinds of application such as medical, detection, and industry. In this micro-robot with inspire from the motional mechanism by ICPF actuators of an inchworm motion for grasping to the OOZE, and also the movement mechanism of jellyfish for sampling from the surface of the water in limited places according to the difference of the density of the water are used at the moment. We calculated and simulated the mechanism and walking speed of the micro-robot. A preliminary pattern was designed and also a collection of the research for appraisal the locomotion and the floating speed motion were done in detail. Employing ICPF as micro actuators to fabricate a four-finger gripper and six micro actuators were used to implement grasping.
Abstract: Bio-inspired underwater micro-robots with inspire from dynamic variant spaces of animals utilizing of the ICPF (Ionic Conducting Polymer Films) actuator as a propulsion is developed recently. These micro-robots with multi Degrees of Freedom cause them walk smoothly in underwater environments have urgently been demanded with variety kinds of applica...
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Modeling of Bio-inspired Thunnus Albacares and Inchworm-gammarus with Micro Actuators in One Structure
A. Shourangiz Haghighi,
I. Zare,
Mohammad Ahmadi Balootaki,
Mohammad Orak,
Omid Zare
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 3, September 2015
Pages:
54-63
Received:
7 July 2015
Accepted:
4 August 2015
Published:
7 August 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsqa.20150103.13
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Abstract: Biomimetic robots have attracted many researches around the world and also living creatures are the best models in biomimetic robotic engineering design. This paper is the combination of three creatures such as tuna, inchworm, gammarus. They are used in order for shortcoming of unrealized multi-functionality. Hence, this paper describes a robot based on the most optimal possible in its field. The dynamic modeling of a flexible tail in the proposed robot are mentioned in detail. The robotic fish is composed of two links connected by an actuated joint; the frontal link is rigid and acts as the robotic fish body, while the rear link serves as the tail. The latter comprises a rigid element connected to a flexible caudal fin, whose underwater vibration is responsible for propulsion. The dynamics of the frontal link are described using Kirchhoff’s equations of motion for rigid bodies in quiescent fluids. The tail vibration is modeled using Euler–Bernoulli beam Theory. Such methods could be a prospect approach for further research in the field of underwater robots.
Abstract: Biomimetic robots have attracted many researches around the world and also living creatures are the best models in biomimetic robotic engineering design. This paper is the combination of three creatures such as tuna, inchworm, gammarus. They are used in order for shortcoming of unrealized multi-functionality. Hence, this paper describes a robot bas...
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The Impact of Blade and Material Damping in Turbine Blades
I. Hamidipoor,
N. Golsanamlou,
I. Zare,
P. Moradi
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 3, September 2015
Pages:
64-68
Received:
8 July 2015
Accepted:
28 August 2015
Published:
2 September 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsqa.20150103.14
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Abstract: A method of determining equivalent viscous damping ratio for different rotational speeds and modes as a function of displacement or strain at a reference point in a blade is presented. This method can be adopted using a suitable finite element code, e.g., ANSYS or ABAQUS. The friction damping concept is widely used to reduce resonance stresses in turbomachines. A friction damper has been designed for high pressure turbine stage of a turbojet engine. The objective of this work is to find out effectiveness of the damper while minimizing resonant stresses for sixth and ninth engine order excitation of first flexure mode. The capability to assess damping in the blade from finite element codes avoids costly tests at the initial stages of design.
Abstract: A method of determining equivalent viscous damping ratio for different rotational speeds and modes as a function of displacement or strain at a reference point in a blade is presented. This method can be adopted using a suitable finite element code, e.g., ANSYS or ABAQUS. The friction damping concept is widely used to reduce resonance stresses in t...
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