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Impacts of Conflicting, Institutional Mandates on Water Security: Pathways for Water Sector Development in Turkana County, Kenya
Benard Oula Muok,
Ong’ech Dennis Onyango
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 2, December 2020
Pages:
44-53
Received:
11 May 2020
Accepted:
27 May 2020
Published:
8 June 2020
Abstract: His paper elucidates the interactions between different formal and informal institutions in water governance through a case study of water distribution in Turkana County. Like other counties in Kenya, the governance of water in Turkana is currently taking place amidst a process of political devolution, changing policies and laws, and complex socio-cultural changes brought about by changing the environment. This contributes to re-shaping patterns of governance over water resources in new and somewhat unpredictable ways. Further, the different governance systems often result in overlapping authorities. These overlapping authorities often result in results in tensions between the involved institutions. At some point, there are usually conflicts of interest over governance issues, authority, strategic planning and management of programs, projects or activities. Such administrative wrangles cause enormous problems and delays in service delivery; hence citizens suffering water insecurity. The study assesses the roles of both formal and informal institutions in addressing water insecurity and how much these institutions are involved in policy processes, decision-making and implementation of strategies and programs. The results from this study indicate that institutional conflicts result from poor strategic planning, failure to align national and County policies, delayed adoption of devolution principals and political interests which have significantly compromised water service delivery thus water security in Turkana. Such factors have resulted in institutional overlaps, financial challenges, insufficient management capacity within institutions, policy and operational gaps, human resource capacity, poor evaluation and monitoring gaps.
Abstract: His paper elucidates the interactions between different formal and informal institutions in water governance through a case study of water distribution in Turkana County. Like other counties in Kenya, the governance of water in Turkana is currently taking place amidst a process of political devolution, changing policies and laws, and complex socio-...
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A Naturalistic Approach of Human Enhancement Ethics
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 2, December 2020
Pages:
54-59
Received:
18 May 2020
Accepted:
4 June 2020
Published:
15 June 2020
Abstract: The debate between conservatism and progressivism of human enhancement ethics is essentially a debate between normative ethics and naturalistic ethics. Naturalistic ethics has a problem of "naturalistic fallacy", and normative ethics also has a problem of "normative paranoea". The former is a historical limitation of human cognitive ability which can be gradually solved with the development of science and technology, while the latter is a self-righteous positioning error of anthropocentrism. Therefore, normative ethics should give way to naturalistic ethics, and accordingly conservatism of human enhancement ethics should give way to progressivism. A naturalistic research approach is needed for human enhancement ethics. This naturalistic approach regards man as a living system that realizes its pursuit of balance through survival and development. Freedom is the pursuit of the balanced state of the living system, while survival and development are the process of the realizing of this pursuit. Equality is the fact that living systems are identical to other living systems and thus have equal influence in the higher systems of which they are composed. Democracy is a high-level system composed of living systems in which the dominant power is in the hands of most subsystems rather than a few. This as a whole constitutes a kind of naturalistic or systematic axiology.
Abstract: The debate between conservatism and progressivism of human enhancement ethics is essentially a debate between normative ethics and naturalistic ethics. Naturalistic ethics has a problem of "naturalistic fallacy", and normative ethics also has a problem of "normative paranoea". The former is a historical limitation of human cognitive ability which c...
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Intuition and Technological Artifice: The Interplay of Their Importance
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 2, December 2020
Pages:
60-68
Received:
10 March 2020
Accepted:
20 July 2020
Published:
28 July 2020
Abstract: The simple or elementary meanings of intuition and technological artifice are not so simple or elementary when they are joined together. Nevertheless, their combined importance helps to explain how free choice underscores creativity. In reference to intuition, emphasis is placed upon the concentration of mental powers, and in reference to technological artifice, emphasis is placed upon an ability that facilitates invention. Technological artifice is open-ended and may serve any cause, but regardless of its means, it remains an uncertainty. The interplay between intuition and technological artifice is expressed by the intuitive ability to observe something closely or to manifest a concentration of mental powers, but also the ability to invent or innovate. The thought of thinkers from Aristotle to the present are discussed indicating that intuition is always dependent upon the world and does not precede it. Although invention and its modification by means of innovation require technological artifice, the latter is not and will never be self-contained. Intuition remains a necessity in order for technological artifice to operate, as it confirms that consciousness in general is distinct from self-consciousness, and yet is coexistent with it. When expressed in metaphysical terms, non-being (that which does not exist) is the source where reality originates, including techno- logical artifice. The revealing of being from non-being occurs through the act of becoming in which being is manifested from non-being. Technological artifice is the result of this becoming.
Abstract: The simple or elementary meanings of intuition and technological artifice are not so simple or elementary when they are joined together. Nevertheless, their combined importance helps to explain how free choice underscores creativity. In reference to intuition, emphasis is placed upon the concentration of mental powers, and in reference to technolog...
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The Impact of Financial Development and Technological Innovation on the Upgrading of Zhanjiang's Industrial Structure
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 2, December 2020
Pages:
69-75
Received:
23 July 2020
Accepted:
5 August 2020
Published:
18 August 2020
Abstract: In the process of transformation and upgrading of China's industrial structure, financial development and technological innovation have played an extremely important role. Financial development is the core of the modern economy and penetrates the entire process of industrial development. It plays a pivotal role in optimizing resource allocation, providing external financial support and risk management for industries, promoting technological innovation and promoting industrial structure upgrades. On the other hand, technological innovation is the embodiment of scientific progress and the key to upgrading industrial structure. Technological innovation is the endogenous driving force of modern economic growth, speeding up the flow of resources between industries, improving production efficiency, and truly realizing the upgrading of industrial structure. Therefore, this study uses a time series model to explore the impact of financial development and technological innovation on the optimization and upgrading of Zhanjiang's industrial structure. The empirical results show that: The bank-based financial system has no Granger causality and has no positive impact on the optimization of Zhanjiang’s industrial structure. But technological innovation can drive the optimization and upgrading of Zhanjiang's industrial structure. Therefore, Zhanjiang City needs to realize the integrated development of financial development and technological innovation to further promote the effective upgrading of the industrial structure.
Abstract: In the process of transformation and upgrading of China's industrial structure, financial development and technological innovation have played an extremely important role. Financial development is the core of the modern economy and penetrates the entire process of industrial development. It plays a pivotal role in optimizing resource allocation, pr...
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Regional Government Public Policy Implementation in Tourism Development
Ibnu Kanaha,
Arif Darmawan,
Rachmawati Novaria
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 2, December 2020
Pages:
76-84
Received:
17 August 2020
Accepted:
5 September 2020
Published:
19 September 2020
Abstract: This study aims to analyze the description and explanation of the Implementation of Policy No. 09/2014 on the Regional Tourism Development Master Plan (RIPPDA) in tourism development. In addition, it analyzes the strategy of supporting factors and inhibiting factors for policy implementation. The research method is qualitative description, while the determination of the research location in the Morotai Island Regency area is carried out purposively, with sources or informants including the Head of the Tourism Office, the Regent, the Regional Secretary, the Regional People's Consultative Council (DPRD), local tourism object actors in the in the environment of Morotai Island Regency as an authorized official or related to the problem. Methods of data collection using observation, in-depth interviews (depth interview), documentation. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique in this study uses an interactive perspective method, and the validity of the data can be tested, following the triangulation method, namely, data reduction, data display, data verification, simultaneously with the implementation of checking techniques for a number of certain criteria, and also some aspects used in implementation. policy 1) Aspect of policy implementation process, 2) Aspect of impact of policy implementation, 3) Aspect of policy strategy, factors affecting policy implementation. The results of the research on Policy Implementation show that it has not achieved its objectives optimally. This needs to be seen from several problems: 1) Standard targets, policy objectives have not been given an understanding of the interests of the policy, this is complementary so that they do not know; 2) Human Resources for Implementers; 3) Characteristics of the fragmentation implementing organization (SOP); 4) The weakness of communication and coordination; 5) The attitude of the policy makers "from the top down" (top bottomer) in choosing the implementation of policies that are self-interested is not based on RIPPDA; 6) The lack of support from the external social, economic and political environment. Suggestions for RIPPDA research need to be revised by the Regional Government of Morotai Island Regency and the Tourism Office in synergy, synchronization, coordination with good work networks, support from external parties so that the Regional Tourism Development Master Plan policy can achieve its goals, tourism can develop.
Abstract: This study aims to analyze the description and explanation of the Implementation of Policy No. 09/2014 on the Regional Tourism Development Master Plan (RIPPDA) in tourism development. In addition, it analyzes the strategy of supporting factors and inhibiting factors for policy implementation. The research method is qualitative description, while th...
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