Effect of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy on T-Cell Sub-population Profile in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Infected Patients
Addisu Gize Yeshanew,
Afework Kassu Gizaw,
Biniam Mathewos Tebeje
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 6, December 2015
Pages:
57-71
Received:
9 October 2015
Accepted:
21 October 2015
Published:
26 November 2015
Abstract: The range of T cell abnormalities in advanced HIV-1 infection treatment is broad. The defects are both quantitative and qualitative and affect virtually every limb of the immune system. Beyond the precise measurement of naive T cells (CD45RA+CCR7+CD27+CD28+), the differential expression of different molecules on T cell allows the distinction between numerous subsets of resting or antigen-experienced T cells on the treatment. However, in spite of intense investigation, the mechanisms underlying highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) –induce immune reconstitution remain to be fully characterized. HAART treatment induced changes in the peripheral distribution of naïve (CD45RA+ CD62L+) and memory CD45RA- CD62L+) cells, CCR5, CXCR4-, CD95- expressing T cells, T-reg cells and on gamma delta (ϒδ) T cells. As a concluding remark prolonged suppression of plasma viral load ( pVL) by HAART improves not only ɑβ T-cell function but also ϒδ T-cell reactivity, and it is strongly recommended that once started the treatment, sever immunocompromized patient should continue the treatment for long time.
Abstract: The range of T cell abnormalities in advanced HIV-1 infection treatment is broad. The defects are both quantitative and qualitative and affect virtually every limb of the immune system. Beyond the precise measurement of naive T cells (CD45RA+CCR7+CD27+CD28+), the differential expression of different molecules on T cell allows the distinction betwee...
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Intensive Phase of Therapy of Tuberculosis and HIV Co-infection: CD4, CD8, and Certain Hematological Finding Amongst Patients in Yaounde Cameroon
Guiedem Elise,
Pefura Yone Eric Walter,
Ikomey George,
Gonsu Kamga Hortense,
Monamele Chavely Gwladys,
Fokam Joseph,
Mesembe Martha,
Afane Ze Emmanuel,
Okomo Assoumou Marie Claire
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 6, December 2015
Pages:
72-77
Received:
13 November 2015
Accepted:
24 November 2015
Published:
14 December 2015
Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease which could cause depressive phenomena like those observed in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Our study aimed at evaluating the changes of T-cells and certain blood parameters during intensive phase of TB treatment. In this prospective cohort, 140 consenting tuberculosis patients were enrolled. 5ml of blood was collected at baseline (M0), after one month (M1) and after two months (M2). Enumeration of CD4 cells, CD8 cells, and hematological parameters were done following standard protocols.The 118 participants comprised 63 (53.4%) TB/HIV negative patients (group 1) and 55 (46.6%) TB/HIV positive patients (group 2). At M0, blood levels of CD4, hemoglobin, total lymphocytes and platelets in group 2 were significantly lower than those of group 1 with p values of 0.001, 0.002, 0.018 and 0.032 respectively. CD8 level was significantly low in group 1 as compared to group 2 (p value: 0.38). Monocytes were low in both groups with no significant difference (p value: 0.097). At M2, there was a significant increase in the levels of CD4, CD8, monocytes, and hemoglobin as compared to M0. There was no significant change on level of total lymphocytes and platelets. In group 2: At M2, there was a significant increase in the levels of CD4, monocytes, hemoglobin, and platelets, and no statistically significant change on levels of CD8 cells and total lymphocytes. TB infection may result in lymphopenia, monopenia, and anemia, while co-infection with HIV may add thrombopenia to the mentioned disorders.
Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease which could cause depressive phenomena like those observed in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Our study aimed at evaluating the changes of T-cells and certain blood parameters during intensive phase of TB treatment. In this prospective cohort, 140 consenting tuberculosis patients were enrolled. 5ml of ...
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