Abstract: Disposing Solid waste material is a difficult task in which the selection of the site is regulated with different factors as well as regulations. If it is not properly selected by considering the factors critically it may cause different environmental and social problems. Now, tepi town is using a site which is not selected by using scientific. A site which is not selected by using scientific study is not well accepted by social and regulations. Therefore the main objective of this study was to select the suitable site for waste disposals by using GIS and Multi criteria evaluations. During the selection of this site the factors such as Boundary map, land use land cover, river, existing solid waste disposals, river; road network, slope map and others are taken as considerations. All maps of these factors are reclassified and evaluated by using geographic information system by preparation of their suitability map. The relative weight of factors was determined by using Analytical hierarchy methods and factors were developed by using geographic information system software. Finally the prepared solid waste disposal site selection was grouped into highly suitable, moderate suitable, low suitable and unsuitable. Generally the distance greater than 1500m from the main road is classified as unsuitable since it would not be economically feasible to transport solid waste and less than 1000m affects the odor of the waste. Based on these factor two suitable sites are located in east & south of the town. The reclassified factor cover 24.9ha or 20% not suitable, 62.6 ha or 51.9% covers low suitable, 28.6 ha or 23.7% covers suitable, 2.8 ha or 2.3% covers moderate suitable and 1.7 ha or 1.4% covers highly suitable.
Abstract: Disposing Solid waste material is a difficult task in which the selection of the site is regulated with different factors as well as regulations. If it is not properly selected by considering the factors critically it may cause different environmental and social problems. Now, tepi town is using a site which is not selected by using scientific. A s...Show More
Abstract: Pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides are globally recognized as the most extensively used insecticides. Their potential to accumulate in groundwater raises significant concerns due to the severe threats they pose to both human health and the environment. This study examined the presence of organophosphorus and pyrethroid pesticides in rivers in the middle of the Mono river basin and their ecotoxicological risk. To reach these aims, seven organophosphorus pesticides and three pyrethroids were investigated in thirteen water samples by liquid-liquid extraction and GC-MS/MS analysis. The ecotoxicological risk was assessed for fish and crustaceans using the risk quotient method, which is the ratio between the measured environmental concentration and the toxic reference value. The results show that all the targeted pesticides were found, with maximum concentrations of 0.9647; 0.8947; 0.0978; 0.0908; 0.0602; 0.0578; 0.0483; 0.0468; 0. 0245 and 0.0152 μg.L-1 respectively for Lambda-cyhalothrin; Chlorpyriphos; Deltamethrin; Fenchlorphos; Cypermethrin; Prothiofos; Dichlorvos; Ethoprophos; Disulfoton and Parathion-Methyl. The detection rate for the first two pesticides was 100%, and 61.54% of water samples had concentrations above 0.5 μg.L-1, which is the threshold limit for pesticides in drinking water. At the sampling points, the concentration increases with the distance travelled by the rivers. Risk assessment for aquatic species shows negligible risk for fish in most rivers analysed. For crustaceans, the risk quotient reveals a moderate and low risk for 46.16% and 53.84% of the rivers analysed respectively.
Abstract: Pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides are globally recognized as the most extensively used insecticides. Their potential to accumulate in groundwater raises significant concerns due to the severe threats they pose to both human health and the environment. This study examined the presence of organophosphorus and pyrethroid pesticides in rivers...Show More
