Comparisons of Self-Determination among Students with Learning Disabilities and without Learning Disabilities
Manijeh Shehni Yailagh,
Mohammad Abbasi,
Nasser Behrozi,
Sirus Alipour,
Alireza Haji Yakhchali
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2, March 2014
Pages:
27-31
Received:
6 February 2014
Published:
20 March 2014
Abstract: This study compared self-determination in 40 elementary school children with learning disabilities ) (sixth and fifth grade) and 40 their peers without LD. An ex post facto design was used. Statistical population comprised of all students in elementary schools (sixth and fifth grade) in, Ahwaz, Iran, during the 2013-2014 academic year. Students with learning disability were randomly selected. The students with LD had been diagnosed by Colorado Learning Difficulties Questionnaire (CLDQ). The student completed the Wechsler Memory scale and Self-Determination Student Scale (SDSS). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 20) was used for computing descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Differences were found between the groups on the self-determination.
Abstract: This study compared self-determination in 40 elementary school children with learning disabilities ) (sixth and fifth grade) and 40 their peers without LD. An ex post facto design was used. Statistical population comprised of all students in elementary schools (sixth and fifth grade) in, Ahwaz, Iran, during the 2013-2014 academic year. Students wit...
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Psychosocial Correlates of Substance Use among Unemployed Persons in Ibadan, Nigeria
James A. Adekoya,
Gboyega E. Abikoye
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2, March 2014
Pages:
32-38
Received:
24 March 2014
Accepted:
20 April 2014
Published:
30 April 2014
Abstract: Background: The study explored the prevalence of substance use among unemployed persons in Ibadan, and the roles of some psychological and socio-demographic variables. Method: A standardized questionnaire was used to collect relevant data from 200 unemployed persons. Respondents’ were 109 males and 91 females, with a mean age of 29.07 and a standard deviation of 5.46. Mean years of graduation (when a respondent had graduated without a job) was 5.38 years with a standard deviation of 3.53. Results: Lifetime and current use of psychoactive substances were 69% and 44% respectively, indicating that this particular population (the unemployed) might be at an elevated risk for substance abuse. The most currently used psychoactive substances were alcohol (36%), followed by stimulants (29%), Tobacco (28%), and sedatives (12.5%), while for lifetime use the following were the most common: alcohol (44.5%), stimulant (35%), tobacco (32%) and cannabis (21%). Results showed that age (r = -.23; p<.05), sex (r = -.39; p<.01), Marital status (r = -.22; p<.05), Number of years of formal education (r = -.27; p<.05), number of years spent after graduation (r = .33; p<.01), personality (r = -.47; p<.01), perceived social support (r = -.41; p<.01), and distress tolerance (r = -.47; p<.01) were significantly related to substance use. Conclusion/Recommendation: Unemployed persons should be considered for social schemes and social security benefits. Also, unemployed persons should be targeted for psychological services such as counseling and specially designed psycho-educational programmes aimed at engendering core self-evaluation traits (high self-esteem, generalized self-efficacy, emotional stability and internal locus of control), distress tolerance, and social support
Abstract: Background: The study explored the prevalence of substance use among unemployed persons in Ibadan, and the roles of some psychological and socio-demographic variables. Method: A standardized questionnaire was used to collect relevant data from 200 unemployed persons. Respondents’ were 109 males and 91 females, with a mean age of 29.07 and a standar...
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Development, Validity And Reliability of Physical Education Instructor’s Personality Description Scale
Kaprinis Stylianos,
Kakkos Vasilios,
Strigas Ethan,
Kipreos George
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2, March 2014
Pages:
39-46
Received:
1 April 2014
Accepted:
14 April 2014
Published:
30 April 2014
Abstract: This current study describes the development, reliability and validation of a scale concerning the assessment of Physical Education Instructor’s Personality traits. According to the literature review, the Five Factor Model theory (Costa & McCrae, 1985; 1992; McCrae & Costa, 1987) is constituted by a widely accepted classification of human characteristics and an integrated description of human personality. For this reason, the questionnaire was structured based on the factors of Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Emotional stability and lastly on the Openness to new experiences. The questionnaire was distributed to the owners of private health clubs and to the Managers of sports organization municipals who evaluated 481 Physical Education Instructors. During the exploratory factor analysis (n1=161) the criterion of Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin (.946) supported the total sufficiency and suitability of the sample for factor analysis, while the examination of Bartlett’s test of Sphericity (2642.791, df 171, p<.00001) led to the rejection of the null hypothesis that variables are independent. The Principal Components Analysis supported the existence of five (5) factors that interpret the 79.539% of overall variance. During the confirmatory factor analysis (n2=320), was checked the internal consistency with the Cronbach a index which gave: a=.87 for the extraversion, a=.90 for the agreeableness, a=.91 for the conscientiousness, a=.82 for the emotional stability/neuroticism and a=.92 for the openness to experience. The adaptation survey indicators [χ2 = 535.782, p<.001, Satorra-Bentler χ2 = 433.245, p<.001, df142, χ2 / df ratio = 3.051, NNFI = .902, CFI = .919, RCFI = .903, IFI = .920, SRMR = .052, RMSEA = .093 (90% CI of RMSEA =.085-.101)] supported the existence of five correlated factors and exceeded the questionnaire’s adaptability limits. Therefore, this specific questionnaire is a sufficient psychometric tool that can be used in the management of human resources in gyms and sports organizations
Abstract: This current study describes the development, reliability and validation of a scale concerning the assessment of Physical Education Instructor’s Personality traits. According to the literature review, the Five Factor Model theory (Costa & McCrae, 1985; 1992; McCrae & Costa, 1987) is constituted by a widely accepted classification of human character...
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