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Factors that Contribute to Attitudes Towards Professional Psychological Help Seeking for Mental Health Issues Among Teacher Trainees in Kenya
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
142-146
Received:
20 June 2017
Accepted:
31 August 2017
Published:
28 October 2017
Abstract: Mental illness including substance abuse disorders is a major concern among college student population, yet nearly half of them have no knowledge on mental health issues. In addition more than half of these students report not to have received any information on mental health or sought any help for a mental illness, causing a great magnitude of health burden. This study aims to determine factors that contribute to attitudes towards professional psychological help seeking for a mental illness. Four colleges out of the existing 20 public primary teacher colleges were conveniently sampled, and all present consenting students were recruited for the study. Two colleges formed the experimental group while the other two formed the experimental group. Baseline assessment using researcher developed demographic questionnaire, with three standardized tools of opinions about mental illness, attitudes towards professional help seeking and expectations about counseling were used to collect data. Psychoeducation was given to the experimental group, and three other evaluations using the same tools were done, one soon after the psychoeducation, third and fourth three and six months after the psychoeducation, The control group only received two other evaluations, soon after baseline and three months after baseline. This study found out that opinions about mental illness, expectations about counseling, psychoeducation, experience in teaching before coming to collage and being female gender contribute significantly to attitudes towards professional psychological help seeking for a mental illness. Main recommendation made is to include mental health education and counseling in teacher training curriculum to improve attitudes to seeking help.
Abstract: Mental illness including substance abuse disorders is a major concern among college student population, yet nearly half of them have no knowledge on mental health issues. In addition more than half of these students report not to have received any information on mental health or sought any help for a mental illness, causing a great magnitude of hea...
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The Effect of Short-Term Solution Focused Therapy on Distress Tolerance and Social Adjustment of Patients with MS in Sari
Hoda Babaei Kafaki,
Mannaneh Moafi,
Raheleh Golestani,
Fatemeh Bekineh,
Seyyed Mohammad Hossein Seyyed Ebrahimi
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
147-152
Received:
19 May 2017
Accepted:
27 May 2017
Published:
31 October 2017
Abstract: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of short-term solution focused therapy on distress tolerance and social adjustment of patients with MS (Multiple Sclerosis) in Sari. The sample of this study consisted of all MS patients in Sari who were members of MS society of Mazandaran province including 480 patients. Accordingly, two groups of 13 subjects, each including 10 women and 3 men, were randomly assigned into experimental group and control group. Using pretest and posttest, the effect of short-term solution focused therapy on the experimental group was investigated. For data collection, Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS) and Social Adjustment Scale (SAS) were used. Data were processed using analysis of covariance and the results confirmed research hypotheses. This means that short-term solution focused therapy increased distress tolerance and social adjustment of patients with MS.
Abstract: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of short-term solution focused therapy on distress tolerance and social adjustment of patients with MS (Multiple Sclerosis) in Sari. The sample of this study consisted of all MS patients in Sari who were members of MS society of Mazandaran province including 480 patients. Accordingly, two groups of ...
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Fear of Falling and Associated Variables in Community-Dwelling Elderly
Akulwar Isha S.,
Dohadwala Sakina
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
153-157
Received:
10 June 2017
Accepted:
22 September 2017
Published:
2 November 2017
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of fear of falling and its association with fall, avoidance of activity, balance deficits and risk of fall in community-dwelling older individuals. It was a cross-sectional study conducted in general community setting. Fifty community-dwelling elderly (mean age of 77.98 ± 2.83years), ambulatory, without any severe medical conditions participated in the study. Main outcome measures of the study were fear of falling (FOF), fall and activity avoidance assessed through an interview-based questionnaire; balance assessed using Berg Balance Scale (BBS); balance confidence assessed using Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale. FOF and associated avoidance of activity was reported by 60% and 52% of the elderly respectively. In subjects reporting FOF, 76% were fallers, 44% being non-fallers. BBS score of the subjects reporting FOF was significantly lower (42.7 ± 10.12) than the subjects without FOF (53.65 ± 3.51). Also, the subjects with FOF had a score below 46, the cut-off point for predicting risk of falling. In subjects having FOF, 56.66% had low risk of falls and 43.33% had medium risk of falls whereas all the subjects with no fear of fall had low risk of falls. Subjects FOF reported a significantly lower balance confidence on ABC scale as compared to subjects without FOF. Thus, it is concluded that FOF and associated avoidance of activity are highly prevalent in the community-dwelling older people. FOF is significantly associated with fall/s, balance deficits with an increased fall risk, avoidance of activity and low balance confidence in doing activities of daily living. FOF can be considered as a significant health problem of equal importance to a fall. This study highlights the importance of identifying FOF and addressing factors related to it in the rehabilitation of the elderly.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of fear of falling and its association with fall, avoidance of activity, balance deficits and risk of fall in community-dwelling older individuals. It was a cross-sectional study conducted in general community setting. Fifty community-dwelling elderly (mean age of 77.98 ± 2.83years), ...
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The Effect of Luminance Condition on Form, Form-from-Motion and Motion Perception
Giovagnoli Sara,
Pansell Tony,
Bolzani Roberto,
Hellgren Kerstin,
Benassi Mariagrazia
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
158-165
Received:
25 March 2017
Accepted:
8 April 2017
Published:
8 November 2017
Abstract: This study investigated to what extent rod-dominated vision affects motion and form perception accuracy. Twenty-nine healthy subjects took part in the experiment. Form coherence (FC), form-from-motion (FFM) and motion coherence (MC) tests were assessed in low-light (rod-dominated vision) and high-light (cone-dominated vision) conditions. For each test we determined the accuracy by evaluating the correct detection obtained in five levels of coherence (corresponding to different signal-to-noise ratio). The results evidenced that motion, form and form-from-motion accuracy decreased in low-light condition. Furthermore, light condition effect was differently mediated by noise according to the type of task. The motion perception is affected only at high noise levels, while form discrimination was globally affected at all the levels, also in absence of noise, both for static (FC) and dynamic stimuli (FFM). We conclude that in rod-dominated vision form-from-motion perception is more defected than form and motion perception. We hypothesized that our results are due to the integration between M and P cells in FFM test increases the form perception accuracy in high-light condition but this advantage is completely lost during low-light condition, when the rods need to integrate information both from M and P cells.
Abstract: This study investigated to what extent rod-dominated vision affects motion and form perception accuracy. Twenty-nine healthy subjects took part in the experiment. Form coherence (FC), form-from-motion (FFM) and motion coherence (MC) tests were assessed in low-light (rod-dominated vision) and high-light (cone-dominated vision) conditions. For each t...
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Cognitive Behavioral Psychotherapy as Therapy to Adults with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
166-172
Received:
27 November 2016
Accepted:
17 January 2017
Published:
28 November 2017
Abstract: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is psychological trauma that effects on somatic, cognitive-affective, and behavioral. The goals of treatment to persons who have PTSD to decreasing functional impairment, building resilience, reducing symptom severity, preventing relapse, modifying pathogenic fear, preventing the occurrence of comorbid disorders and treating also improving the quality of life of patients. There are many types of psychotherapy, the type which retrieves acknowledgment that applicable treatment is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). The purpose of this paper is to provide and highlight the information about risk factors and effect of PTSD in adults and the effectiveness of CBT for adults with PTSD. The literature review showed the risk factors to develop PTSD and when PTSD was noted symptoms that affect life that needs for intervention to decrease these symptoms and to prevent the problem to develop and showed the effectiveness of CBT on adults with PTSD in a different form according to articles that found it.
Abstract: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is psychological trauma that effects on somatic, cognitive-affective, and behavioral. The goals of treatment to persons who have PTSD to decreasing functional impairment, building resilience, reducing symptom severity, preventing relapse, modifying pathogenic fear, preventing the occurrence of comorbid disorder...
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The Role of Social Support and Demographic Variables in Promoting Identity Achievement: The Case of College Students in Gondar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
173-182
Received:
26 August 2017
Accepted:
19 September 2017
Published:
30 November 2017
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of identity achievement, and its relationship with social support of young adults in college. In addition, the study was aimed to investigate gender, and year of staying in college on identity achievement. Participants of this study were a total of 291 (114 male and female 177) first, second and third year college students of Gondar College of Teacher Education, who were selected using stratified sampling method. This study was conducted using Likert type scale i.e., Functional Identity Scale and Multidimensionality Scale of Adequacy of Social Support. Findings indicated that young adult college students had a moderate and above level of identity achievement. It was also found that the level of social support was strongly associated with identity achievement. Regarding years of stay in college, third, second and first year students found the absence of statistical mean difference on identity achievement. Finally, there was no gender difference in the identity achievement profile. Possible implications were discussed.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of identity achievement, and its relationship with social support of young adults in college. In addition, the study was aimed to investigate gender, and year of staying in college on identity achievement. Participants of this study were a total of 291 (114 male and female 177) first, second a...
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Priorities of Spinal Cord Injured Population – A Survey
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
183-187
Received:
22 May 2016
Accepted:
4 February 2017
Published:
19 December 2017
Abstract: In the united states alone, there are more than 200,000 individuals living with a chronic spinal cord injury (SCI). Healthcare for these individuals creates a significant economic burden for the country, not to mention the physical, psychological, and social suffering these people endure every day. Regaining partial function can lead to greater independence, thereby improving quality of life. To ascertain what functions are most important to the SCI population, in regard to enhancing quality of life, a novel survey was performed in which subjects were asked to rank seven functions in order of their importance to their quality of life. The aim of present study was to evaluate the priorities of spinal cord injured population depending on their level of lesion and improvement of which function will make improvement in quality of their life. A total number of 71 subjects were taken. The questionnaire was made to be filled by all the participants through personal interview, Emails and telephonic interviews. There was a significant variation in priorities of spinal cord injured population.
Abstract: In the united states alone, there are more than 200,000 individuals living with a chronic spinal cord injury (SCI). Healthcare for these individuals creates a significant economic burden for the country, not to mention the physical, psychological, and social suffering these people endure every day. Regaining partial function can lead to greater ind...
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