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Impact of Sustainable Construction on Environmental and Health Risk in Nigerian Construction Industry
Nnadi Ejiofor,
Alintah-Abel Uchechi,
Iheama Ndidi
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 4, August 2018
Pages:
99-105
Received:
21 January 2018
Accepted:
8 August 2018
Published:
5 September 2018
Abstract: Construction workers are exposed to a variety of health hazards every day. Health risks associated with a job are either inherent or created by the work. These construction health risks can be classified as chemical, physical, biological hazards. Construction stakeholders are obligated to anticipate, recognize, evaluate and control health hazards at the course of operation. Meanwhile, healthy workforce will give birth to healthy industry. This work aim at determine the key health and environmental risks brought by construction activities; its impact and mitigating mechanisms. Questionnaire was used to sample the opinion of the construction workers and professionals. The data collected was analysed using mean weighted value and presented in a table. Identified health risks in construction includes; lung diseases, haring loss, skin irritation and rashes, cumulative trauma disorders, cancer, lifetime disability and occasionally fatality. Meanwhile, effective site planning, layout and management identified under physical categorization was ranked first as a sustainable safety mechanism with a mean of 4.32 followed by usage of protective wears with a mean score of 4.01. Sound health that reduces sickness on-the-job thereby preventing absenteeism was highest mean score of 4.48 was identified as the major impact of sustainable health followed by cost saving with a mean score of 4.22. The work therefore recommended collaboration between health workers and the industry as well as health and safety training for all construction companies.
Abstract: Construction workers are exposed to a variety of health hazards every day. Health risks associated with a job are either inherent or created by the work. These construction health risks can be classified as chemical, physical, biological hazards. Construction stakeholders are obligated to anticipate, recognize, evaluate and control health hazards a...
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Cable Force Adjustment of Torsion Cable-Stayed Bridge
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 4, August 2018
Pages:
106-110
Received:
10 August 2018
Accepted:
24 August 2018
Published:
19 September 2018
Abstract: Cable force adjustment of cable-stayed bridge has been a hotspot. The structure of the cable-stayed bridge is more complicated, and its cable force adjustment method is also difficult. In order to explore the reasonable method to adjust the cable force of the torsion cable-stayed Bridges, this paper discusses the objectives and principles of cable tension adjustment. The influence matrix method and the finite element analysis software midas civil 2012 of bridge structure are used to design the scheme. The cable adjustment scheme is developed by using the trial algorithm, and the cable adjustment effect is analyzed. Firstly, influence matrix method was used to analyze the mutual influence degree between adjacent cables. Then the adjusting value of cable force is calculated by iteration until convergence. Input the adjustment values of each step into the finite element analysis software to analyze the adjustment process and results The whole bridge is monitored and measured in the course of cable adjustment. The monitoring results show that the cable force is close to the target value after the adjustment of the cable force. The alignment of bridge deck after adjustment is also in good agreement with the design, and the deflection of tower top is improved. This practice will provide a more important reference for similar project.
Abstract: Cable force adjustment of cable-stayed bridge has been a hotspot. The structure of the cable-stayed bridge is more complicated, and its cable force adjustment method is also difficult. In order to explore the reasonable method to adjust the cable force of the torsion cable-stayed Bridges, this paper discusses the objectives and principles of cable ...
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Modelling of Gully Erosion Site Data in Southeastern Nigeria, Using Poisson and Negative Binomial Regression Models
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 4, August 2018
Pages:
111-117
Received:
3 September 2018
Accepted:
21 September 2018
Published:
25 October 2018
Abstract: The development of gully and other forms of erosion have become the greatest environmental problem facing the people of Southeastern Nigeria. The availability of farm land for agricultural production and construction activities have, been greatly reduced due to soil erosion. This study is set to apply Poisson and negative binomial regression models to identify the major factors that contribute to gully erosion development in Southeastern Nigeria and to ascertain better model suitable for prediction of gully erosion, using secondary data. Maximum likelihood estimation procedure was used to estimate the parameter of the selected model with the number of gully erosion sites as the response variable (Y) and 5-explanatory variable (X’s). Also applying the forward selection criteria to the 5-explanatory variables, model 5 is best suitable for forecasting the subject under study. The result of the Poisson regression model showed that there was over dispersion in gully erosion site data since the dispersion parameter (3.677) was greater than 1 hence underestimating the standard error and over estimating the coefficient of the explanatory variable, consequently giving misleading inference. The result of the assessment criteria for Poisson regression model and Negative binomial regression model revealed that the Negative binomial regression model predicts gully erosion soil data better in southeastern Nigeria as considered in this study. Heavy Rainfall (HRF), Extractive Industries (EXI), Excess Farm activities (EFX) are the major contributors to gully erosion site development in southeastern Nigeria, with Heavy Rainfall ranking first. A model suitable for prediction of gully erosion sites in southeastern Nigeria has been developed.
Abstract: The development of gully and other forms of erosion have become the greatest environmental problem facing the people of Southeastern Nigeria. The availability of farm land for agricultural production and construction activities have, been greatly reduced due to soil erosion. This study is set to apply Poisson and negative binomial regression models...
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The Art of Renovation Projects on HANOK in AIDIA 2013 Students Workshop
Lin Lei,
Lu Jin,
Wu Fengzhou
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 4, August 2018
Pages:
118-124
Received:
3 September 2018
Accepted:
25 September 2018
Published:
27 October 2018
Abstract: Asia Interior Design Institute Association (AIDIA) is an academic group dedicated to the development of interior design in Asia. It was co-sponsored in 2000 by three Interior Design Society of China, Japan and Korea. Later, it has absorbed academic groups from many countries and regions such as Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines, Singapore and Taiwan. With the continuous participation of new members, its influence in the academic circles of interior design in Southeast Asia is expanding. Since 2005, the international student’s workshop has been held every two year by AIDIA. It hopes to encourage teachers and students participated from different Asian countries to think of the interior design education in the context of oriental culture. It also provided a platform for teachers and students to show their talents. Each workshop will be open to all design school in Asia, and generally comprises about 100 teachers and students altogether that are from more than 20 institutions. AIDIA 2013 Students Workshop was held at Konkuk University Graduate School of Architecture in Seoul, Korea for a week. It involved teachers and students from Korea, China and Thailand. The theme of this workshop was "Renovation Project of Bukchon Hanok village", aiming to explore the protection and renovation of historic and cultural blocks through carrying out with a new dimension of the renovation project of Bukchon Hanok village that is known as the most representative Korean traditional residential area in Seoul. During the activity, students were mixed grouping, and their teachers in the guidance were from different institutions. Finally, the infinite imagination of the housing space in Bukchon Hanok village, the understanding and cognition of design themes, the colliding of ideas between different groups were presented through the form of design works. This paper introduces three projects which had different consideration and exploration in the field of art and design respectively from three different angles: etiquette culture, traditional symbols and Zen ideology.
Abstract: Asia Interior Design Institute Association (AIDIA) is an academic group dedicated to the development of interior design in Asia. It was co-sponsored in 2000 by three Interior Design Society of China, Japan and Korea. Later, it has absorbed academic groups from many countries and regions such as Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines, Singapore and Tai...
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Contribution of Modern Biogas Plant to Energy Source and Environment Protection in Rwanda
Marie Judith Kundwa,
Theoneste Bigirimana,
Pascaline Sanga,
Constant Mahame
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 4, August 2018
Pages:
125-132
Received:
19 September 2018
Accepted:
15 October 2018
Published:
5 November 2018
Abstract: The government of Rwanda through its Ministry of Infrastructure (MININFRA), the authority in charge of energy has initiated different initiatives aimed at finding long term solutions to energy shortage in the country where no investment has been done the last 20 years in electricity generation. Among these solutions, biogas has been identified as one of the sector to be developed. Energy plays a major role in development process of every country. This research is conducted in order to handle energy shortage problems in secondary schools located in rural areas by using a modern biogas. To achieve the aims of this research, the field survey was conducted at G. S de Ntarama and data about numbers of students and teachers, type and amount of waste produced, and impacts of lack of electricity on education were collected through interviews and questionnaires. The data were analyzed and the size of digester was estimated to be 118.524 m3. In addition to reducing the emission of carbon dioxide to 7 times lesser than which is emitted by firewood, it was also found that the use of biogas proves to be economical by covering the cost of firewood consumed in one month to five months. The produced energy allocated both in lighting for 4 hours and cooking for 3 hours was proved to be more advantageous and cost effective. The use of modern biogas contributes to the quality of education, environmental protection, agriculture productivity, and improve the lives of Rwandan people in general.
Abstract: The government of Rwanda through its Ministry of Infrastructure (MININFRA), the authority in charge of energy has initiated different initiatives aimed at finding long term solutions to energy shortage in the country where no investment has been done the last 20 years in electricity generation. Among these solutions, biogas has been identified as o...
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