Production, Partial Purification, and Characterization of Lipase from Aspergillus niger and Its Application in Treatment of Vegetable Oil Effluent
Chimaobi Sunday Vincent,
Charles Ogugua Nwuche,
Mida Habila Mayel,
Sabinus Oscar Onyebuchi Eze
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
1-7
Received:
15 November 2021
Accepted:
7 December 2021
Published:
29 March 2022
Abstract: Vegetable oil factories generate considerable quantity of waste. The wastewater from the production process causes severe environmental pollution. Although, several conventional and biological treatment methods have been tested, the outcomes are usually fraught with significant draw backs. The enzymatic method was employed in the present study due to their many beneficial attributes. Lipase was produced by submerged fermentation using the effluent as a sole source of carbon. Upon partial purification, a 3-fold increase in lipase activity was obtained. The enzyme reacted optimally at 50°C, pH of 6.0 and substrate concentration of 7mg/ml. The crude ezyme displayed identical characteristics with the partially purified one. The crude and partially purified lipase were used to treat the wastwater separately. From the results, crude lipase liberated higher fatty acids (1.0591%) from the vegetable oil effluent than the partially purified lipase (0.6066%) did. Kinetic parameters of the enzyme indicate a Km value of 8 mg/ml and Vmax value of 344.83 μmol/min. The results of this study could be applied for the purpose of formulating appropriate policy directives that will aid clean-up of pollution from vegetable oil factories. In addition, vegetable wastewaters can be used as substrates for the production of lipases which could be processed for industiral and biotechnological applications.
Abstract: Vegetable oil factories generate considerable quantity of waste. The wastewater from the production process causes severe environmental pollution. Although, several conventional and biological treatment methods have been tested, the outcomes are usually fraught with significant draw backs. The enzymatic method was employed in the present study due ...
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Assessment of Nutrient Contents of Farmers' Used Composts for Crop Production in the North Shewa, South West Shewa, and West Shewa Zones, Oromia
Dejene Getahun,
Abera Donis,
Dereje Girma,
Ajema Lema
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
8-14
Received:
3 March 2022
Accepted:
6 April 2022
Published:
14 April 2022
Abstract: Composting is one of the most effective mulches and soil additives available in nature. The usefulness of this rich, dark, earthy material in enhancing the soil and producing a healthy environment for plants is well known among gardeners. The public's interest in learning how to manufacture and use compost is growing as the waste disposal situation worsens. In the years 2012-2013, the nutrient content and quality of currently used composts for agricultural purposes were assessed in various districts of North Shewa (Kuyu and G/Jarso), South West Shewa (Woliso and Becho), and Special zone of Oromia around Finfine (Akaki and Welmera) Zones, Oromia region to assess the nutrient contents of currently used composts prepared from diversified material sources for agricultural purposes, composting practices, and composting The majority of farmers see collected FYM or home garbage as compost. The compost samples were taken without regard for the material used to make them. Compost was made by some farmers from cow manure and household garbage. Even if some farmers make compost from ash, cow dung, and green leaf, they do not adequately combine and wet it. The information on the compost samples was gathered via questionnaires. Following consultation with the agricultural development office, Fitche Soil Research Center collected 116 compost samples from eight districts and analyzed them for EC, pH, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, organic matter, C:N ratio, micronutrients, and CEC using the laboratory protocol described for each parameter. Compost generated from varied materials has a different nutritious value. 6.04-10.20, 0.25-9.07, percent TN 0.19-178, percent OC 9.36-29.12, P 180-7175, and k 2.8 to 70.97 are the pH of compost collected from various districts. Accordingly, based on all parameters required for quality and nutrient content analysis, the nutrient content and quality of farmers’ used composts for crop production did not meet the standard. This could be due to the raw materials used and their proportions, the standard composting process, and storage conditions that did not adhere to the guidelines provided. To determine the appropriate compost maturity time, a scientific method of compost application should be followed, and it is better to train farmers on how to prepare compost so as to improve land productivity and crop yield.
Abstract: Composting is one of the most effective mulches and soil additives available in nature. The usefulness of this rich, dark, earthy material in enhancing the soil and producing a healthy environment for plants is well known among gardeners. The public's interest in learning how to manufacture and use compost is growing as the waste disposal situation...
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