Impact of Somatic Cell Count on Milk Yield, Milk Composition, and Growth Performance in Zaraibi Goats During Different Physiological Stages of Lactation Period
Ahmed Abdelrazek Gabr,
Mohamed Ibrahim Ahmed,
Rasha Abdalla Hawas
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, December 2023
Pages:
32-39
Received:
20 July 2023
Accepted:
7 August 2023
Published:
17 August 2023
Abstract: The study investigated the effect of different somatic cell count (SCC) classes on milk production traits and growth of Zaraibi does and kids at three distinct physiological stages during lactation. A total of 150 milk samples obtained from 50 goats at milk peak, kids weaning, and meeting periods (days of 50, 100 and 150) were analyzed. The goats were selected based on strict criteria, including the same age, kidding date, low milk SCC, and no udder problems. The goats were divided into three classes based on overall milk SCC values: SCG1 (≤315x103 cells/mL), SCG2 (316-335x103 cells/mL), and SCG3 (>335 x103 cells/mL). The results showed that although there were significant differences between SCC1 and SCC2 classes in SCC and log SCC at different stages of lactation, there were no significant differences in milk production and composition. The daily milk yield decreased significantly with increased SCC level (> 335x103 cells/mL), and the highest milk losses were observed. The milk composition followed the same pattern of significant differences among SCC classes during different lactation stages, with the highest values observed in the highest SCC class (> 335x103 cells/mL). The daily milk yield decreased gradually with increasing lactation stage, while SCC values increased gradually. The does’ body weight did not change significantly by lactation stage. Overall, the findings suggest that SCC level of > 335x103 cells/mL has a significant effect on milk production and composition, but not on growth traits of Zaraibi does’ and kids during different stages of lactation. These findings could be useful for dairy farmers to manage their herds and optimize milk production to produce high-quality dairy products.
Abstract: The study investigated the effect of different somatic cell count (SCC) classes on milk production traits and growth of Zaraibi does and kids at three distinct physiological stages during lactation. A total of 150 milk samples obtained from 50 goats at milk peak, kids weaning, and meeting periods (days of 50, 100 and 150) were analyzed. The goats w...
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Antihypertensive Medications Inducing Salivary Gland Dysfunction and Xerostomia: A Narrative Review
Lecor Papa Abdou,
Kwedi Karl Grégoire,
Diatta Mamadou,
Dieng Seynabou,
Tamba Babacar,
Dia Tine Soukéye
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, December 2023
Pages:
40-46
Received:
10 September 2023
Accepted:
4 October 2023
Published:
14 October 2023
Abstract: The aim of this study was to review the literature on the relationship between antihypertensive drugs and reduced salivary flow (hyposalivation) and the sensation of dry mouth (xerostomia). An exhaustive search of the literature was carried out, with no prior date limit until 31 August 2022, on PubMed, Google scholar and the Cochrane Library. The search terms were: saliva, xerostomia, hyposalivation OR salivary flow AND hypertension, antihypertensive drug, OR antihypertensive drugs. The overall prevalence of xerostomia in this population of hypertensive patients on pharmacological treatment was 21.1%. For the relationship between antihypertensive drugs and salivary secretion, the type of antihypertensive studied in the literature included β-adrenergic blockers, diuretics, α-adrenergic blockers, calcium channel blockers and cardiac glycosides. In some studies, the type of antihypertensive was not available. Many studies measured unstimulated salivary flow to assess hyposalivation. Three studies showed a non-significant increase in unstimulated salivary flow after treatment with β-adrenergic blockers or angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. One study found a statistically significant decrease in unstimulated salivary flow in normotensives treated with propranolol and phentolamine, which are both non-selective β-blockers. Two studies showed no significant decrease in unstimulated salivary flow after treatment with diuretics. For stimulated salivary flow, one study had no significant changes in patients treated with captopril (ACE inhibitor) and two others had a significant decrease after treatment with furosemide and bendroflumethiazide (two diuretics). A single study shows that the percentage of patients with hyposalivation was significantly higher in hypertensive patients treated with ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, β-adrenergic blockers, and diuretics. Future studies are needed and may help to understand which antihypertensive is most appropriate for patients to avoid reduced salivary flow and dry mouth.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to review the literature on the relationship between antihypertensive drugs and reduced salivary flow (hyposalivation) and the sensation of dry mouth (xerostomia). An exhaustive search of the literature was carried out, with no prior date limit until 31 August 2022, on PubMed, Google scholar and the Cochrane Library. The s...
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