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Intertextuality as an Inherent Tool for the Composition and Interpretation of Texts: A Theoretical Reappraisal
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, May 2023
Pages:
91-103
Received:
29 March 2023
Accepted:
25 April 2023
Published:
10 May 2023
Abstract: The aim of the paper is to discuss the operational concepts and theory of intertextuality as a postmodern theory. Postmodern theory is a theory that emerged in the second half of the 1960s. This theory was born as a reaction to modernity and its ideals. By the 1970s, postmodern aesthetics, on which postmodern theory was based, began to be felt in almost every field of art, from architecture to painting, from literature to cinema. Intertextuality seems such a useful term because it foregrounds notions of relationality, interconnectedness, and interdependence in modern cultural life. In the Postmodern epoch, theorists often claim, it is not possible any longer to speak of originality or the uniqueness of the artistic object, be it a painting or novel, since every artistic object is so clearly assembled from bits and pieces of already existent art. An author or poet can use intertextuality deliberately for a variety of reasons. They would probably choose different ways of highlighting intertextuality depending on their intention. They may use references directly or indirectly. They might use a reference to create additional layers of meaning or make a point or place their work within a particular framework. A writer could also use a reference to create humour, highlight an inspiration or even create a reinterpretation of an existing work. The reasons and ways to use intertextuality are so varied that it is worth looking at each example to establish why and how the method was used.
Abstract: The aim of the paper is to discuss the operational concepts and theory of intertextuality as a postmodern theory. Postmodern theory is a theory that emerged in the second half of the 1960s. This theory was born as a reaction to modernity and its ideals. By the 1970s, postmodern aesthetics, on which postmodern theory was based, began to be felt in a...
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Exploring Religious Constraints and a Journey towards Self-Discovery in James Joyce’s A Portrait of The Artist as a Young Man
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, May 2023
Pages:
104-109
Received:
9 May 2023
Accepted:
26 May 2023
Published:
6 June 2023
Abstract: The object of this paper is to represent a deeply flawed character Stephen Dedalus, whose journey towards self- discovery is hindered by societal and religious constraints in James Joyce’s novel A Portrait of the Artist as a young man. One of the most prominent issues of A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is showing how Stephen casts off the Catholic Religion, his religious identity while he evolves his own freedom and artistic consciousness throughout a procedure that will shape the different phases of his life. From childhood Stephen ascribes to an absolute belief in the morals of the church as his family was a devout Catholic family. As a teenager, this belief directs him to two opposite extremes, both of which are detrimental. At first, he falls into the extreme of sins, repeatedly sleeping with prostitutes, lying, envying, becoming prone to all seven deadly sins and intentionally turning his back on religion. Though Stephen sins consciously, he is always aware that he is breaking the church's rules. Again, when Father Arnall's sermon encourages him to return to Catholicism, he falls to the other extreme, becoming a fanatical model of religious fidelity and dedication. At long last, nonetheless, Stephen understands that both of these lifestyles—the completely immoral and the completely devoted—are constraints and are dangerous for him. Stephen realizes that extreme religious rules and complete sinful attitude both will not permit him to enjoy the full experience of being human. Stephen finally reaches a decision to embrace life and rejoice humanity after seeing a young girl wandering at a beach. At the end of the novel, Stephen replaces his initial Catholicism by a more personal and “evolutionary” religion, the religion of art that will make him a complete and eternal person.
Abstract: The object of this paper is to represent a deeply flawed character Stephen Dedalus, whose journey towards self- discovery is hindered by societal and religious constraints in James Joyce’s novel A Portrait of the Artist as a young man. One of the most prominent issues of A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is showing how Stephen casts off the C...
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Analysis of Storyline in Picture Books of Fantastic There and Back Again Stories
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, May 2023
Pages:
110-118
Received:
28 April 2023
Accepted:
26 May 2023
Published:
6 June 2023
Abstract: Children acquire a variety of information from picture books and apply this information to reality. Fantastic narrative picture books contribute to child development of their imagination by providing various simulated experiences that they cannot experience in reality. The structure of there and back again stories is related to secure base. Child readers are expected to gain real and indirect fictional experiences, which promote psychosocially healthy development. This study quantitatively analyzed the storylines of 217 picture books of fantastic there and back again stories with human protagonists and explored the features of simulated experiences that children get from these. There were many cases in which the protagonists moved by themselves without help in a way impossible in the real world, implying children’s preference for novel experiences. The simplified description of the return movement was consistent with the conditions for establishing a secure base. This would stimulate the readers’ imagination after reading, in addition to the experience of exploration. In storylines with helpers, male protagonists are predominantly moved by the help of imaginary entities, which are consistent with previous studies showing that many male protagonists in picture books reflect the image of active and curious males. Moreover, there were many cases in which child protagonists were helped by imaginary entities associated with animism. Moving to another place with the help of imaginary entities overlaps with the zone of proximal development and is attractive for children. There were many cases in which the protagonists voluntarily moved to or were invited to visit paranormal places and were accepted there. This matches the self-centered nature of children. Cases in which the protagonists partake in adventure or fight in paranormal places are attractive to children and are expected to become materials for fantastic play activities. Storylines often lack clear features. Various narratives without templated contents are expected to encourage children to use their imagination to overcome various difficulties in life.
Abstract: Children acquire a variety of information from picture books and apply this information to reality. Fantastic narrative picture books contribute to child development of their imagination by providing various simulated experiences that they cannot experience in reality. The structure of there and back again stories is related to secure base. Child r...
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Animal Depictions in Baby Picture Books: Focusing on Food, Clothing, and Shelter
Juri Nakagawa,
Naoko Koda
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, May 2023
Pages:
119-126
Received:
28 April 2023
Accepted:
23 May 2023
Published:
6 June 2023
Abstract: Infants acquire various visual information from picture books. Picture books frequently feature animals, which are considered an important part of child development. This study quantitatively analyzed the depictions of animals in 669 baby picture books, focusing on their food, clothing, and shelter, and discussed the images that the authors had about animals, as well as the images and knowledge they might impart to infant readers. Mammals, such as rabbits and cats, appear in many baby picture books, with baby talk and onomatopoeia. Anthropomorphic rabbits and bears were particularly common among the clothed animals. Many animals were barefoot, and their body color was most often realistic. Anthropomorphic animals often prepared or consumed unrealistic food and drink using utensils. There were links between certain animals and food, including rabbits and carrots, cats and fish, dogs and bones, and bears and honey. A few illustrations of food were identified that should be given with caution or should not be given at all to real animals. Depictions of predation by carnivores and cruelty are avoided. Most animals were depicted without dwelling places. Rabbits and bears often appeared as anthropomorphic animals with their own houses. Cats and dogs were often depicted in humans’ homes, with cats being indoors and dogs in the garden. The authors depict many animals that are known and loved by children in consideration of infants who are acquiring language skills and their perception of the external world. The images held by the authors reflect the human–animal relationships; however, sometimes, they do not necessarily correspond to the actual ecology of animals. Baby picture books that advance the developmental process of infants would effectively convey the appropriate images and knowledge about animals to readers. Greater attention to animal expressions in picture books will help create better picture books with respect to children’s perception of animals, which may improve human–animal interactions.
Abstract: Infants acquire various visual information from picture books. Picture books frequently feature animals, which are considered an important part of child development. This study quantitatively analyzed the depictions of animals in 669 baby picture books, focusing on their food, clothing, and shelter, and discussed the images that the authors had abo...
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Morphological Mutability of Modern Critical Genres: Theatre Review as a Parody
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, May 2023
Pages:
127-131
Received:
15 January 2022
Accepted:
8 February 2022
Published:
10 June 2023
Abstract: It considers specific features of genre evolvement of theatre reviews. Analyzing theater review transformations from the 1960s to the 2020s, the author notes that understanding the changes in the morphology of a theatrical review can help study tendencies in the modern criticism in general, and in the parody genre in particular. Reading closely theatre reviews of the literary weekly “Literature and Art” of 1960 and those of the same literary weekly of the 2020s and of the social and political newspaper “SB. Belarus Today” of the recent years, the author underscores that, unlike in the 1960s, in the 2020s journalists seem to detach from the professional circle of problems. The research marks that criticism has come to respond to journalism materials themselves (self-criticism) as well as to the cultural and social context of modern art rather than to particular fiction texts, theatrical premiers as information agenda. It also highlights that criticism and parody have a lot in common through their journalistic nature: the analysis of artistic phenomena in the modern culture. Yet, recently, in the changing medium space, criticism makes parody not fiction or journalistic text, but the communicative process, which has created some new roles of the critic, the author and the reader. It concludes that social and cultural situation around theatre determines the changes in the genre of theatre reviews in the modern outlets, putting them into pre-journalistic phase or literary-educational mode of associations and contexts. As a result, both viewers and critics develop new qualities.
Abstract: It considers specific features of genre evolvement of theatre reviews. Analyzing theater review transformations from the 1960s to the 2020s, the author notes that understanding the changes in the morphology of a theatrical review can help study tendencies in the modern criticism in general, and in the parody genre in particular. Reading closely the...
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Application of Ceramic Mosaic Art in Architectural Decoration — Taking Park Güell as an Example
Qiao Qian,
Pei Wen,
Yang Huiyu,
Li Weijia
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, May 2023
Pages:
132-137
Received:
1 May 2023
Accepted:
30 May 2023
Published:
10 June 2023
Abstract: At the end of the 19th century, a large-scale decoration movement was launched in European countries, the Antoni Gaudí of the Spanish “Modernist” Art Nouveau contributed greatly to the ornate Catalan style. Park Güell is an important embodiment of Gaudí's ideas, and an analysis from Park Güell will reveal that ceramic mosaic art is an important part of Gaudi's architecture. Taking Gaudi's ceramic mosaic in Park Güell as an example, this paper analyses and examines the background to its development, its decorative techniques and the structural shape of the building, and explores how the artist applied ceramic mosaic art to the decorative design of Park Güell. Gaudi used a new form of ceramic mosaic art to decorate his buildings. Under Gaudi's use, ceramic mosaic art does not merely serve a decorative purpose, but is organically integrated into the building as a whole, making his buildings completely different from the traditional realistic monumental architecture, but rather a fairytale fantasy. Drawing on national traditions, Gaudí used ceramic mosaics as a medium to infuse his architecture with a love of Catalonia and nature to create a unique Gaudí style. This style, embodied in different aspects of architectural technology, structure and decoration, provides a new perspective for later ceramic mosaic art creation and shapes the Catalan modernist style of architectural design.
Abstract: At the end of the 19th century, a large-scale decoration movement was launched in European countries, the Antoni Gaudí of the Spanish “Modernist” Art Nouveau contributed greatly to the ornate Catalan style. Park Güell is an important embodiment of Gaudí's ideas, and an analysis from Park Güell will reveal that ceramic mosaic art is an important par...
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Cognitive Analysis of Metaphor and Metonymy in Prose
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, May 2023
Pages:
138-146
Received:
12 May 2023
Accepted:
2 June 2023
Published:
21 June 2023
Abstract: Metaphor and metonymy, which are figures of speech as well as means of cognition and ways of thinking, are commonly used in literary works, allowing authors to better express themselves and helping readers appreciate the charm of language. In order to have a better understanding of how they add to the cultural connotations of literary works and expand readers’ cognition, this article selects typical sentences from Chi ZiJian Prose featured by vivid and poetic language and analyzes how metaphor and metonymy, as important rhetorical devices and ways of thinking, act as active roles in adding luster to literary works and helping readers grasp the spirit and emotion of the author and in return, further broaden their perceptions by creating extensive connections. Therefore, readers are supposed to utilize their past cognitive experience and fully exert their imagination to find similarities and build connections, project their knowledge and experience from one domain to the other, understand the hidden meaning and thus the cognitive purposes can be achieved. The analysis of this study also places emphasis on the cultural background and the intentionality of the author because words and sentences can not be isolated from the context or it can be interpreted in many different ways.
Abstract: Metaphor and metonymy, which are figures of speech as well as means of cognition and ways of thinking, are commonly used in literary works, allowing authors to better express themselves and helping readers appreciate the charm of language. In order to have a better understanding of how they add to the cultural connotations of literary works and exp...
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On the Philosophy of the Thing in Modern Paintings
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, May 2023
Pages:
147-151
Received:
14 May 2023
Accepted:
9 June 2023
Published:
21 June 2023
Abstract: In the history of modern painting, there has been a hidden thread revolving around the concept of the ‘thing’. The study attempts to explore this thread through Heidegger’s aesthetics of truth. In his essay The Origin of the Work of Art, Heidegger highlights the conflict between the earth and the world within a work of art, which is the basis for the emergence of truth in existence. He argues that the essence of a work of art lies in its ability to embody the truth of existence within itself. Starting from this point, this paper delves into the examination of objects in artworks, extending to an analysis of forms in modern painting history as well as objects as a key component of art. In the history of modern painting, the form construction direction initiated by Cezanne gradually took a leading role. However, with the advent of abstract art, the materiality of objects began to emerge and finally manifested itself. This development marked the end of the direction of form construction in modern painting and paved the way for the exploration of material research, thus opening up the history of contemporary art. Overall, Heidegger's aesthetics of truth can be seen as a valuable tool for understanding the role of objects in art and their relationship to the truth of existence. By examining the evolution of form and materiality in modern painting, we can gain a deeper appreciation for the complexity and richness of artistic expression.
Abstract: In the history of modern painting, there has been a hidden thread revolving around the concept of the ‘thing’. The study attempts to explore this thread through Heidegger’s aesthetics of truth. In his essay The Origin of the Work of Art, Heidegger highlights the conflict between the earth and the world within a work of art, which is the basis for t...
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The Igbo Concept of Ojemba enweghi iro in the Migration of the Igbo Indigenes
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, May 2023
Pages:
152-158
Received:
16 January 2023
Accepted:
13 February 2023
Published:
27 June 2023
Abstract: Migration is a common thing among the Igbo whose age long concept of Ojemba enweghi iro ‘A traveller or a migrant does not have an enemy.’ plays a central role in their belief that one must travel or migrate to survive. Achebe, in No Longer at Ease tells the story of Obi Okonkwo who travels to England and on his return, his people come with music and dance to welcome him at the Sea Port because it is a remarkable achievement that their son has travelled and returned from the white man’s distant land. The Igbo migrants under an association, stay as a family knowing that a bunch of broom is more difficult to break than a stick of broom (a popular proverb in Igbo land). Technically, the Igbo see migration as a temporary self-exile knowing someday, they will return to their communities. Achebe’s Things Fall Apart account of Okonkwo’s exile to his maternal home for seven years after which he returns with his family to Umuofia is tantamount to the contemporary diasporic spirit of the Igbo nation. Simply put, migration for the Igbo nation is a culture; a culture that has been for centuries in view of the fact that the Igbo people are adventurous and believe in the belief of Ojemba enweghi iro. Ojemba enweghi iro preaches openness and uprightness so that the migrant and his hosts should be in peace for business to take place. The paper will therefore, build its argument on the present concept and arrive at conclusion after interrogating available literatures.
Abstract: Migration is a common thing among the Igbo whose age long concept of Ojemba enweghi iro ‘A traveller or a migrant does not have an enemy.’ plays a central role in their belief that one must travel or migrate to survive. Achebe, in No Longer at Ease tells the story of Obi Okonkwo who travels to England and on his return, his people come with music a...
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