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Fictions of (Cultural) Memory: Re-inventing British Imperial Memory in Kipling’s ‘The White Man’s Burden’ and Lord Byron’s ‘The Prisoner of Chillon’
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 4, July 2023
Pages:
159-169
Received:
15 June 2023
Accepted:
3 July 2023
Published:
11 July 2023
Abstract: This study explores the representations of British cultural memory and identity in two British Poems—Kipling’s ‘The White Man’s burden’ and Lord Byron’s ‘The Prisoner of Chillon’, with the aim of demonstrating that, as ‘fictions of memory’ these literary works teem with a memory of British political/imperial history in the form of linguistic parameters, ideological and cultural discourses, myths, images and mainly metaphors of imperial history or what most critics generally refer to as, ‘fictions of empire’ or ‘metaphors of empire’. The selected texts from the British colonial context are linked by their historical affinity to, and memory of British colonialism and the history of slavery. This paper answers the following research questions: Whose memory of the past is textually articulated through the chosen texts? Or, which specific versions of memory are textually inscribed? What approaches are available for research focusing on British imperial memory in literary studies? What functions do the texts fulfil as fictions of memory? In answering these questions, the study further demonstrates that the representation of memory in texts can be located via narrative strategies. Narratology thus plays a significant role in constructing versions of the past and the identities of given social groups or cultural communities.
Abstract: This study explores the representations of British cultural memory and identity in two British Poems—Kipling’s ‘The White Man’s burden’ and Lord Byron’s ‘The Prisoner of Chillon’, with the aim of demonstrating that, as ‘fictions of memory’ these literary works teem with a memory of British political/imperial history in the form of linguistic parame...
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The Institutionalism of Odo Masquerade and Sustainable Development in Igbo Land
Felix Ukwu,
Felicia Eze-Dike,
Charles Manasseh,
Chine Sp Logan,
Ogochukwu Okanya,
Emeka Ejim
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 4, July 2023
Pages:
170-175
Received:
6 March 2023
Accepted:
5 July 2023
Published:
13 July 2023
Abstract: Africans’ greatest problem was the incursion of the white men tino Africa many decades ago, even though many European authors described Africa as darkness before the coming of the white man, the natural growth that had been established in many African kingdoms was aborted as the white men brought and imposed another culture upon Africa. The Odo masquerade cult has outlived the colonial invasion of Africa and is still serving as a worship and as a cultural system. The objective of this study is to examine the relevance of Odo masquerade cult in this present age. The Modernization Theory is adopted as the theoretical framework of the study while content analysis was utilized as research method. The findings include that Odo Masquerade is a cult, a culture, a form of religion and a masquerade. The paper recommends the reform of the practice of Odo Masquerade cult to be relevant in this present age and be a tool for sustainable development. The modernization process is to shield the tradition from all the practice or tenets that are contending and inimical with the present development of today.
Abstract: Africans’ greatest problem was the incursion of the white men tino Africa many decades ago, even though many European authors described Africa as darkness before the coming of the white man, the natural growth that had been established in many African kingdoms was aborted as the white men brought and imposed another culture upon Africa. The Odo mas...
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Stan Lai’s Translation Thoughts of Performability from the Perspective of Translators Voice: A Case Study of Subtext Translation of Secret Love in Peach Blossom Land
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 4, July 2023
Pages:
176-185
Received:
20 May 2023
Accepted:
11 July 2023
Published:
24 July 2023
Abstract: Stan Lai is a well-known director and playwright in China and abroad, and his self-translation play Secret Love in Peach Blossom Land has been toured all over the world many times. However, few scholars have studied Lai’s translation thoughts through this play. What’s more, subtext is an eminent feature in drama and it is difficult to translate, especially in Secret Love in Peach Blossom Land, which includes abundant subtexts. As a result, the thesis takes the translator’s voice as theoretical bases and studies Lai’s translation thoughts of performability through the subtext translation of Secret Love in Peach Blossom Land. The thesis adopts O’Sullivan’s framework and analyzes Stan Lai’s voice from the translation and the paratexts to see whether they are consistent. During the analysis, comparative studies, interviews, and literature research will be adopted. There are two main findings: In the target text, Stan Lai shows his voice by adopting the translation strategies of changing narration, amplifying narration, and reductive narration to achieve performability, especially the speakability, individuality, actability, and acceptability of the lines. In the paratexts, the author also finds that Lai’s identity, translation motives, and translation strategies also reflect his voice on performability, which is consistent with the one in the target text.
Abstract: Stan Lai is a well-known director and playwright in China and abroad, and his self-translation play Secret Love in Peach Blossom Land has been toured all over the world many times. However, few scholars have studied Lai’s translation thoughts through this play. What’s more, subtext is an eminent feature in drama and it is difficult to translate, es...
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Embracing the Diversity of Craft Functions in Daily Life
I Wayan Sudana,
Isnawati Mohamad
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 4, July 2023
Pages:
186-192
Received:
25 June 2023
Accepted:
24 July 2023
Published:
5 August 2023
Abstract: Craft is a field of art that is very open with various meanings, according to the purpose of its creation, the raw materials used, the work process, and the form of the work produced. Crafts have always been present and needed to support various needs in daily life. Therefore, crafts certainly have various functions, but these functions have not been completely decomposed. This study aims to reveal the various functions of crafts in daily life. This study employs a qualitative research method. Data were collected through literature studies, observation of the creation process and craft products, and interviews with craftsmen. Data analysis was carried out interactively by continuously comparing data from literature studies, observations, and interviews. The results showed that the craft has been used for various functions in daily life, namely: as a ritual, a medium of expression, an economic driver, an educational medium, means of social interaction, means of therapy, environmental preservation, means of recreation, means of self-actualization, individual identity, and symbol of cultural identity. These various functions can appear in one craft phenomenon (process and product) or in different craft phenomena. Further researchers are expected to be able to explore these functions more deeply in a particular craft phenomenon to produce an increasingly extensive appreciation. Thus, we will be encouraged to continue to preserve it in daily life.
Abstract: Craft is a field of art that is very open with various meanings, according to the purpose of its creation, the raw materials used, the work process, and the form of the work produced. Crafts have always been present and needed to support various needs in daily life. Therefore, crafts certainly have various functions, but these functions have not be...
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The Stage as a Canvas: A Postcolonial Analysis of Wole Soyinka’s The Lion and The Jewel
David Kwofie,
Juliana Daniels
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 4, July 2023
Pages:
193-200
Received:
11 December 2022
Accepted:
9 January 2023
Published:
17 August 2023
Abstract: Postcolonialism applies to cultures that have been affected by imperial processes. It is a theoretical approach propounded by experts such as Frantz Fanon, Edward Said, Gayatri Spivak, and Homi Bhabha for the exploration of the consequences of colonial interventionism. The theory attempts to deconstruct the impact of imperialistic ideas that emerge from expansionism. This study qualitatively analyses Wole Soyinka’s The Lion and Jewel [1959] from a postcolonial viewpoint. Through textual analysis of dramatic techniques, the study explores how Soyinka takes advantage of the stage as a metaphorical canvas to skillfully present his thoughts about imperialism and African traditions by way of counter-discourse. It also uncovers how the dramatist uses setting, plot, characterization, and linguistic aesthetics to establish that every so often, theoretically obtrusive cultures tend to unearth aspects of cultures that need reform. Howbeit, the study shows that there could be adverse consequences associated with adopting a culture that is entirely foreign and then abandoning one’s own. Additionally, it demonstrates that it is simply impossible to pull up an existing culture and plant in its place another. The study, therefore, concludes that the dramatist effectively deploys the stage as a canvas to prove that cultures need not be dogmatic, nor should they be too pliable to be easily uprooted. Instead, he advocates that cultures can co-exist such that each one complements the other. Soyinka thus manipulates counter-discourse to propose cultural coexistence as a path to cultural harmony as opposed to cultural imperialism.
Abstract: Postcolonialism applies to cultures that have been affected by imperial processes. It is a theoretical approach propounded by experts such as Frantz Fanon, Edward Said, Gayatri Spivak, and Homi Bhabha for the exploration of the consequences of colonial interventionism. The theory attempts to deconstruct the impact of imperialistic ideas that emerge...
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Literary Genders in the Narrative Text: Between Fashion and Chaos a Critical View of Some Creative Models
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 4, July 2023
Pages:
201-207
Received:
30 November 2022
Accepted:
30 December 2022
Published:
22 August 2023
Abstract: This papers are about the discourse in the theory of literature and its criticism, which is still difficult to deal with due to what is authored each time in various creative fields, whether about the famous literary genders: poetry and prose, or at the level of the newly created genres that is branched out from the aforementioned genders (Story; Oratery; Theatr; Novel...); so we reveal each time shortcomings in the successive critical visions and theories (theorie of Purity; Transit; Overlap; Intertextuality...) in their studies to these new genres. This makes it imperative for researchers to reconsider the literary and monetary data together, in order to justify the transformation of origins and branches, while trying to accept the new mutations that appear in the history of creations in all kinds, in terms of the diversity of the language used, forms and contents which clearly manifested in the Novel as a literary genre; it is one of the most authored literary genres, and the most discussed by critics, it is often the subject of controversy among them; about what it is specificly, in terms of it being a new (fashion), taken by authors as a means of “fame” often showcasing intellectual and linguistic potential; This is what made critics think about the forefront of this genre and its leadership compared to other literary genres. Rather, its amazing ability to absorb the different gender models (as Poetry; Oratery; proverbs...) in a gelatinous way, makes it maintain the basic pillars of its artistic construction without being affected by the models included in it; provided that the novelist is able to obsorb the different literaty models and successful in using even if the number of these genres is large, and their structure is complex; this is exactly what happened to some novelists such who succeded in making coherent novels by mixing many genres to enrich both language and contents as "Abd Almalik Mortad"; unlike "Dou Noun Ayoub" who failed in this issue.
Abstract: This papers are about the discourse in the theory of literature and its criticism, which is still difficult to deal with due to what is authored each time in various creative fields, whether about the famous literary genders: poetry and prose, or at the level of the newly created genres that is branched out from the aforementioned genders (Story; O...
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From the Gunfighter Myth to Rock Performance: Transposition and Intermedial References in Sam Shepard’s The Tooth of Crime
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 4, July 2023
Pages:
208-214
Received:
3 August 2023
Accepted:
19 August 2023
Published:
28 August 2023
Abstract: Sam Shepard’s The Tooth of Crime (1972) is a play that combines elements of myth, Greek tragedy, science fiction, Westerns, modern rock and roll and futuristic fantasy in a provocative and engrossing pastiche. Shepard’s transgeneric network also provides a model to observe the media combination (of music and play) and media transformation (from film to theatre). Situated at the intersection of performance studies and intermedial studies, this essay explores how the playwright presents these intermedial relations and what effects he hopes to achieve. More specifically, Shepard transplants the gunfighter myth constructed by Hollywood Westerns into rock performance, and transforms the traditional story of gunfight and cowboy showdown into a musical duel between two rock stars through the use of transposition and intermedial references. In this ongoing process, the classic Western motifs like competition, showdown and “survival of the fittest” is revisited and criticized in the rock music scene. It could be argued that frontier stories and images “travel” across the borders between film, music, and theatre, become invested with new meanings, and thus gain a new lease of cultural life in changing sociocultural contexts. The transmedial travel of those stories and images has contributed to the persistence of the frontier myth on the one hand, and to the discovery of the potential of cultural mobility on the other.
Abstract: Sam Shepard’s The Tooth of Crime (1972) is a play that combines elements of myth, Greek tragedy, science fiction, Westerns, modern rock and roll and futuristic fantasy in a provocative and engrossing pastiche. Shepard’s transgeneric network also provides a model to observe the media combination (of music and play) and media transformation (from fil...
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