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Comparing Yield Performance and Morpho-agronomic Characters of Landraces and Released Varieties of Field Pea (Pisumsativum L.) at Agarfa and Goro Woredas, Bale Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2019
Pages:
34-49
Received:
5 April 2019
Accepted:
1 June 2019
Published:
26 July 2019
Abstract: Sixteen Field Pea varieties (8 of them farmers’ varieties and 8 of them improved varieties) were tested to compare yield performance and morpho-agronomic characters among the traits on the seed yield. The genotypes were grown in Randomized complete block design at Goro and Agarfa community seed bank in 2017/18. Analysis of variance revealed that there were highly significant differences among the genotypes for most of the traits at individual and across locations. From the combined analysis of variance, significant (p≤0.05) effect due to location, varieties and G×E was observed for most of the traits. The varieties showed wider variability in mean seed yield of 833.33—2083.33 kg ha-1, 1250--3750 kg ha-1 and 833.33 – 3750 at Goro, Agarfa and across location, respectively. PCV was higher than the genotypic coefficients of variation (GCV) in most of the traits. The highest phenotypic coefficient variances (PCV) were found for days to flowering (95%), while lowest PCV was recorded for days to maturity (6.6%). The result from combined analysis indicated that high heritability values (>70%) were recorded for characters considered such as days to flower initiation and days to maturity which indicates that these traits are more governed by genetic variance than environmental. Seed yield showed significant (p≤0.01) positive phenotypic correlations with hundred seed weight, above ground biomass, harvest index and plant height at each location. Similarly, significant (p≤0.01) positive and negative phenotypic and genotypic correlations between the yield components were observed at each location. The highest seed yield was recorded in 32038 variety (30.83kunt/hect and the lowest seed yield was recorded in 32039 variety (22.91kunt/hect) from farmers varieties at Agarfa location. In Goro the highest seed yield was recorded in 32039 variety (18.75kunt/hect and the lowest seed yield was recorded in Orome variety (9.38kunt/hect) from farmers varieties. Generally, it has been observed the presence of variability among the genotypes, heritability and relationships in the tested traits of the genotypes studied.
Abstract: Sixteen Field Pea varieties (8 of them farmers’ varieties and 8 of them improved varieties) were tested to compare yield performance and morpho-agronomic characters among the traits on the seed yield. The genotypes were grown in Randomized complete block design at Goro and Agarfa community seed bank in 2017/18. Analysis of variance revealed that th...
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Inherited Cryptic Translocation t(12;17)(q24.3;p13.3) Causing Recurrence of Miller-Dieker Syndrome
Elenice Ferreira Bastos,
Carlos Roberto da Fonseca,
Ingrid Bendas Feres Lima,
Maria de Jesus Esteves Camilo,
Kleber da Silva Figueiredo,
Anna Luiza Vaz Serrão,
Sara Fabíola da Silva Oliveira,
Lucia de Fatima Marques de Moraes,
Juan Clinton Llerena Jr.
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2019
Pages:
50-54
Received:
17 May 2019
Accepted:
26 June 2019
Published:
31 July 2019
Abstract: The Miller-Dieker syndrome (MDS) is a severe neurological disorder characterized by lissencephaly, facial dysmorphies, global developmental delay and severe seizures. A deletion at 17p13.3, including the lissencephaly gene (LIS1), is usually present as part of a contiguous gene syndrome. Around 20% of case LSI1 gene is resulting from inherited balanced translocation. We present the case of a family with cryptic t(12;17) translocation identified by FISH in two generations. The proband had clinical features of MDS. The parents reported a paternal aunt deceased as a young infant due to “uncontrolled seizures and severe developmental delay. The GTG analysis of proband suggested deletion at 17p13.3 that was confirmed by FISH. The parental investigation by FISH revealed a paternal translocation involving regions 12qter and 17p13.3. This familial chromosomal rearrangement associated to MDS has modified the genetic counseling of the couple. From a very low risk of recurrence on the cases associated to a de novo del17p13.3, to a much higher risk, since it was associated to a familial translocation. This risk of recurrence, considering meiotic segregation of balanced translocation involving the 17p13.3 region is relatively high (12%) which alone would justify prenatal diagnosis. Classical and molecular cytogenetic investigations in the fetal sample were normal reassuring the couple as to a normal baby with neither 17p13.3 deletion nor carrier of the paternal translocation. This rare case identified by FISH demonstrate the need of providing molecular cytogenetic analysis for other family members; since, criptical balanced rearrangements may segregate undetected. This case evidences the importance of molecular study of parents of children with microdeletions, which could considerably improve the certainties regarding genetic counseling.
Abstract: The Miller-Dieker syndrome (MDS) is a severe neurological disorder characterized by lissencephaly, facial dysmorphies, global developmental delay and severe seizures. A deletion at 17p13.3, including the lissencephaly gene (LIS1), is usually present as part of a contiguous gene syndrome. Around 20% of case LSI1 gene is resulting from inherited bala...
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Identification of Potential Methylation Regions of the Smad4 mRNA and Determining Primer Sequences for MS-PCR with the ‘Methprimer’ Program
Metin Budak,
Ugur Ozkan,
Mustafa Yildiz
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2019
Pages:
55-59
Received:
16 July 2019
Accepted:
12 August 2019
Published:
20 August 2019
Abstract: SMAD4 is a member of an intracellular signaling pathway protein family that is widely expressed in human tissues. This protein is responsible for carrying a chemical signal from the cell membrane to the nucleus. Since reduced SMAD4 expression leads to several tumors and neural disease, it is important to elucidate the mechanisms affecting the expression of this protein. Methylation is among the major factors that affect the expression of the SMAD4 gene. While methylation of the promoter and non-coding exons of SMAD4 gene appear to affect expression, there is no information regarding the other regions of this gene in this regard. Furthermore, cytosine methylation in mRNA is also important in gene activity. For this reason, the demonstration of possible cytosine methylation in mRNA of the SMAD4 gene may be important in understanding gene activity. In this study, we aimed to determine the potential methylation regions in the exons corresponding to SMAD4 protein generation which have not been investigated before. In order to do this, we used the MethPrimer program and identified 25 single CpG sequences and a double CpGpCpG across the exons as potential methylation regions. In addition, 5 pairs of methylated/unmethylated primer sequences were designed with the same program. The study results have shown the presence of potential methylation sequences that are candidates to affect SMAD4 gene expression.
Abstract: SMAD4 is a member of an intracellular signaling pathway protein family that is widely expressed in human tissues. This protein is responsible for carrying a chemical signal from the cell membrane to the nucleus. Since reduced SMAD4 expression leads to several tumors and neural disease, it is important to elucidate the mechanisms affecting the expre...
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Measurement of Short Telomere Load in Individual Cells
Fang Wang,
Leroy Robinson,
Yael Kramer,
Keri Kalmbach,
Paula Andrea Navarro,
Ricardo Pimentel,
Xinghua Victor Pan,
Sherman Weissman,
Lin Liu,
David Keefe
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2019
Pages:
60-68
Received:
1 July 2019
Accepted:
3 August 2019
Published:
23 August 2019
Abstract: Increasing evidence demonstrates that shortest more than mean telomere length predicts telomere dysfunction and genomic instability in association with a number of conditions, including cell senescence, aging and tumorigenesis. We developed Universal Single Cell Single Telomere Length Analysis (USC-STELA), based on a PCR-amplification and southern blotting, to measure short telomeres in individual cells. The mean short telomere length measured in individual cells by USC-STELA correlates with that from bulk cells, measured by Universal STELA (U-STELA). The validation and reproducibility of USC-STELA was confirmed using different cell types with known telomere lengths, as well as by using paired sister-cells from human embryos and cultured cells. Interestingly, individual cells known to elongate telomeres via alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) have more short telomeres, yet longer mean telomere length than control cells. Moreover, individual senescent fibroblasts carry more short telomeres compared to human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), consistent with the notion that short telomeres contribute to cellular senescence. Additionally, we found a greater load of short telomeres in polar bodies than in matching oocytes, providing further insights into the accelerated polar body DNA degradation following extrusion from the oocyte. USC-STELA provides a new method to study telomere dysfunction in individual cells, with potential to improve our understanding of the role of telomere dynamics in cancer, developmental biology and reproductive medicine.
Abstract: Increasing evidence demonstrates that shortest more than mean telomere length predicts telomere dysfunction and genomic instability in association with a number of conditions, including cell senescence, aging and tumorigenesis. We developed Universal Single Cell Single Telomere Length Analysis (USC-STELA), based on a PCR-amplification and southern ...
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Variation of Pollination Rate on Eucalyptus grandis and E. tereticornis
Shijun Wu,
Jianmin Xu,
Zhaohua Lu,
Wenzhong Guo
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2019
Pages:
69-71
Received:
15 July 2019
Accepted:
13 August 2019
Published:
26 August 2019
Abstract: The most widely used clones were all breed by artificial hybrids steps in China, therefore it is important to research on pollination rate. Three individual trees of E. grandis and E. tereticornis were selected as female while the pollen of hybrid clone DH32-29, E. grandis, E. pellita, E. tereticornis and E. urophylla were collected as male. The results indicated that E. grandis family 4 always had higher pollination rate with different male pollen than other E. grandis families. Family 116 had higher pollination rate with DH32-29 and E. urophylla than family 41 while family 41 had higher pollination rate with E. grandis and E. tereticornis than family 116. Though different families had different pollination rate, the studied E. grandis families all had higher pollination rate (above 75%) with different male pollen. E. tereticornis family 243-1 always had higher pollination rate (nearly 100%) with different male pollen than other E. tereticornis families while E. tereticornis family 238-2 always had lower pollination rate (nearly 60%) with different male pollen than other E. tereticornis families. All the male pollen had similar pollination rate with family 238-1 and 243-1. E. grandis pollen had higher pollination rate with family 238-2 than other male pollens.
Abstract: The most widely used clones were all breed by artificial hybrids steps in China, therefore it is important to research on pollination rate. Three individual trees of E. grandis and E. tereticornis were selected as female while the pollen of hybrid clone DH32-29, E. grandis, E. pellita, E. tereticornis and E. urophylla were collected as male. The re...
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Fraser Syndrome: A Report of a Case from Bamako
Rodrigue Romuald Elien Gagnan Yan-zaou-tou,
Seydou Bakayoko,
Seydou Diallo,
Aïssata Simaga,
Hamadoun Diallo,
Mahamat Adam Dicko,
Jean Michel Mbaïkoua,
Barmax Bodjerno Dossou,
Mamassilé Clement Bagouya,
Japhet Pobanou Thera
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2019
Pages:
72-74
Received:
8 August 2019
Accepted:
26 August 2019
Published:
9 September 2019
Abstract: Fraser syndrome is a rare autosomal resecessive polymalformatif syndrome whose main manifestations are: the cryptophtalmia, syndactylies, visceral and urogenital defects. We report the case of a 6 year old child, 3rd child of a sibling of 3 children from consanguineous marriage, without antecedents personal and family, received in consultation at CHU-IOTA for unilateral symblepharon, syndactyly of 2nd and 3rd interdigital spaces without any other organic defects. The diagnosis of Frazer syndrome has been retained and the child is referred to the team of annexes and orbito-palpebral surgery for better surgical management of cryptophtalmia and parents were referred to the geneticist for genetic counselling regarding future pregnancies. We emphasize the genetic aspects, utility of Tomas’ diagnostic critéria and necessity of prenatal diagnosis.
Abstract: Fraser syndrome is a rare autosomal resecessive polymalformatif syndrome whose main manifestations are: the cryptophtalmia, syndactylies, visceral and urogenital defects. We report the case of a 6 year old child, 3rd child of a sibling of 3 children from consanguineous marriage, without antecedents personal and family, received in consultation at C...
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Molecular Analysis of Leptin Gene Polymorphism in Achai, Sahiwal Cattle and Nili-ravi Buffalo Breeds of Pakistan
Nasir Abbas,
Muhammad Suleman,
Aamer Bin Zahur,
Abdul Ghafoor,
Farooq Rashid,
Amin Ullah Jan,
Fazal Akbar,
Shahid Ali,
Abdul Aziz,
Ziaul Islam,
Abdullah Shah
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2019
Pages:
75-79
Received:
3 April 2019
Accepted:
17 May 2019
Published:
23 September 2019
Abstract: Pakistan is blessed with rich sheep genetic resources and being a source of milk, meat and wool sheep breeds are reared across the country. Despite its great economic importance very limited work has been done in Pakistan on sheep genetic exploration. Leptin hormone plays important role in milk yield, body weight, energy balance, feed intake, immune function and fertility performance in animals. The current study was carried out to investigate genetic polymorphism in exon III of Leptin gene (LEP) in indigenous animal breeds (Nilli-ravi buffalo, Sahiwal and Achai cattle) of Pakistan using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). PCR-RFLP analysis revealed that all the three studied animals breeds were polymorphic for i>LEP gene (having all the three genotypes AA, AB and BB) with frequency of 60%, 33% and 7% in Nili-ravi buffalo, 55%, 41% and 4% in Achai cattle and 52%, 45% and 3% in Sahiwal cattle breed. The genotype BB is highly desirable in cattle and buffalo breeds but its frequency is very low in our indigenous population. Studying genetic polymorphism of milk protein is important due to its application in dairy industry and these in formations could further be utilized for future breeding programs particularly for the enrichment of the rare genotype.
Abstract: Pakistan is blessed with rich sheep genetic resources and being a source of milk, meat and wool sheep breeds are reared across the country. Despite its great economic importance very limited work has been done in Pakistan on sheep genetic exploration. Leptin hormone plays important role in milk yield, body weight, energy balance, feed intake, immun...
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Prediction of the Structure and Mutations Instability of the Med12 Exon2 Gene in Uterine Fibroids in Senegalese Women
Keneme Bineta,
Ciss Daouda,
Ka Sidy,
Dem Ahmadou,
Sembene Pape Mbacke,
Serigne Magueye Gueye
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2019
Pages:
80-87
Received:
9 September 2019
Accepted:
20 September 2019
Published:
30 September 2019
Abstract: Uterine fibroids are benign proliferations of slow evolution. They are associated with significant morbidity and constitute a real public health problem. Despite the large-scale medical and financial burden posed by uterine fibroids, the functional roles of the various factors and genes involved in their etiology and growth remain unclear. This shows a great need to undertake a study that would evaluate the molecular features of uterine fibroids. It is in this context that our study is based on 50 Senegalese women with uterine fibroids. Samples of tumour tissue and blood were taken from each patient. After sequencing, the raw data was submitted to the Mutation Surveyor software version 5.0.1. Pathogenicity of mutations was evaluated with Polyphen software. To better understand the functional impact of missense mutations at the three-dimensional level, we simulated the structure of the protein by the ab-initio method using the I-Tasser web server. After cleaning, correcting and aligning the sequences with the BioEdit software version 8.0.5, the amino acid frequencies for the blood and tumour tissue samples were retrieved with the MEGA7 software. To see if there is a difference in the distribution of each amino acid between blood and tumour tissue, the average comparison test was performed with the R software version 3.3.1. Our results showed the presence of mutations of the MED12 gene only in tumour tissues. All mutations are predicted to be deleterious. In comparison to the reference sequence, all the mutations show a conformational change in the 3D structure of the MED12 protein. In addition, the mutations p. Q43P, p. G44S, p. G44D, p. G44R, p. F45V, p. K60M give proteins of α-β structure different from the reference sequence which has an α structure. All mutations alter the predicted function of the MED12 protein, which further suggests their involvement in the pathobiology of uterine fibroids in Senegalese women. With regard to amino acid frequencies, the comparison of means between blood and tumour tissue samples shows different distributions for amino acids such as cysteine, aspartic acid, glycine, histidine, leucine, arginine and serine. The results obtained make it possible to better understand the molecular mechanisms involved in the etiology of uterine fibroids. They allow glimpsing applications for the screening of populations at risk, for a non-invasive diagnosis or even for preventive or curative treatment.
Abstract: Uterine fibroids are benign proliferations of slow evolution. They are associated with significant morbidity and constitute a real public health problem. Despite the large-scale medical and financial burden posed by uterine fibroids, the functional roles of the various factors and genes involved in their etiology and growth remain unclear. This sho...
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