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The Quandary of Cyber Governance in Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, March 2019
Pages:
1-7
Received:
18 November 2018
Accepted:
2 January 2019
Published:
31 January 2019
Abstract: The incorporation of Information Communication Technology to the human endeavor have brought cyber space as one of the major areas of cooperation and conflict for actors of international relations. Its decentralized nature challenges traditional conception of state as the sole actor to possess coercive power. As a response states design different ingenuities to incorporate cyber governance as one domain of policy making and research. Likewise a number of legal, policy and institutional initiatives have been designed to guide cyber governance in Ethiopia. However, the over all aspects of cyber governance have posed a peril to digital landscape. The short history of internet has been accompanied by deliberate interruptions and online manipulations by the government. Neither complementarity nor clearly set of line of authority characterizes the institutional and legal architecture of Ethiopian cyber environment. By employing descriptive approach and integrating primary and secondary data sources the article analyzed the overall dilemma of cyber governance and its implication in Ethiopia. Thus the article scrutinizes the institutional, legal and policy aspects of internet governance neither crafts conducive environment for non-governmental actors nor able to support to exploit digital opportunities. This brought socio-economic costs which is generally resulted in what is termed as “digital divide”.
Abstract: The incorporation of Information Communication Technology to the human endeavor have brought cyber space as one of the major areas of cooperation and conflict for actors of international relations. Its decentralized nature challenges traditional conception of state as the sole actor to possess coercive power. As a response states design different i...
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The Extent to Which Servant-Leadership Philosophy Relates to Public Leadership Code of Ethics and Other Established Ideals for Public Leaders in Tanzania
Saneslaus Boniface Chandaruba
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, March 2019
Pages:
8-18
Received:
29 January 2019
Accepted:
14 March 2019
Published:
10 April 2019
Abstract: The main objective of this research paper was to examine the extent to which Servant Leadership Philosophy (SLP) relates to the Public Leadership Code of Ethics Act (PLCEA) of 1995 and other established ideals for public leaders in Tanzania. A total of 278 respondents: 109 Members of the Parliament (MPs), 90 Respondents from General Public (RGPs) and 79 key informants selected from different constituencies and localities across the country using a non-probability approach of snowball sampling were involved. Both qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection and analysis were employed. The primary and secondary data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, observations and documentary review. The key research findings revealed that that SLP relates a little bit to PLCEA and other established ideals for public leaders in Tanzania for they both have ethical characteristics intending to set controls over public leaders. A number of difference were established during the study to justify why they were a little bit related. The major difference based on the premises that the philosophy of servant leadership seems to embody socialistic and spiritual characteristics with a major focus on elevating followers to the same status of the leader while PLCEA and other established ideals are mainly based on a legal compliance approach. The other established differences basically focused on personal qualities of a leader in each category. Thus, the study recommends, among other things, enhancing PLCEA and other established ideals for public leaders by adopting the principles of SLP; training public leaders on SLP and including SLP in school curricula topics with a view of grooming patriotic and ethical leaders of the next generation.
Abstract: The main objective of this research paper was to examine the extent to which Servant Leadership Philosophy (SLP) relates to the Public Leadership Code of Ethics Act (PLCEA) of 1995 and other established ideals for public leaders in Tanzania. A total of 278 respondents: 109 Members of the Parliament (MPs), 90 Respondents from General Public (RGPs) a...
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Policies and Strategies to Combat Poverty and to Promote Development in Mozambique: Elements of Continuity and Discontinuity
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, March 2019
Pages:
19-28
Received:
13 February 2019
Accepted:
21 March 2019
Published:
13 April 2019
Abstract: This article comes about with the objective of analyzing in a comparative way the elements of continuity and discontinuity between the policies and strategies to combat poverty and to promote development related to the foreign policy that Mozambique adopted after independence. The main idea is that these policies (PPI, PRE (S), PARPA's) did not achieve their goals; so much that they were updated successively, adjusting them according to the political-economic situation in which Mozambique was living. Mozambique pursued this path because it aimed to maintain the defense of the country's independence and sovereignty, eradicating poverty, consolidating national unity and strengthening democracy and freedom. Therefore, it is concluded that in these policies and strategies there is, on the one hand, a continuity of the objectives previously outlined, but also as the intention to better eradicate poverty and achieve development, there are elements of rupture among them.
Abstract: This article comes about with the objective of analyzing in a comparative way the elements of continuity and discontinuity between the policies and strategies to combat poverty and to promote development related to the foreign policy that Mozambique adopted after independence. The main idea is that these policies (PPI, PRE (S), PARPA's) did not ach...
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Development of a Disaster Safety Sentiment Index via Social Media Mining
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, March 2019
Pages:
29-38
Received:
7 March 2019
Accepted:
28 April 2019
Published:
23 May 2019
Abstract: People use social media platforms such as Twitter to record their personal thoughts and opinions. Social media platforms reflect people’s sentiments as they are, and an accurate understanding of sentiments on social media could be useful and significant for disaster management. In this research, sentiment type modeling and sentiment quantification are proposed to understand the sentiments presented on social media platforms. Sentiment types are primarily analyzed based on the three major sentiments of affirmation, caution, and observation. Then, for a detailed understanding of sentiment progress according to the progress of a disaster or accident and the government’s response, negative sentiments are categorized into anxiety, disappointment, depression, sadness, and displeasure to enhance the analysis, while positive sentiments are categorized into pleasure, happiness, and relief; Russell’s circumplex model is used to develop a model of eight primary sentiments to acquire an overall understanding of the public’s sentiments. Then, the sentiment index of each sentiment is quantified. Based on the results, the overall sentiment status of the public is monitored, and in the event of a disaster, the public’s sentiment fluctuation rate can be quantitatively observed. Moreover, the influence of disasters and accidents on public sentiments, or the sentiment indices of different accidents, can be compared to identify the accidents that affect public sentiment and public needs after a disaster, and the insights can be used for policy-making.
Abstract: People use social media platforms such as Twitter to record their personal thoughts and opinions. Social media platforms reflect people’s sentiments as they are, and an accurate understanding of sentiments on social media could be useful and significant for disaster management. In this research, sentiment type modeling and sentiment quantification ...
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