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Isolation and Characterization of Indole Acetic Acid Producing Halophilic Bacteria from Salt Affected Soil of Rice–Shrimp Farming System in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam
Nguyen Khoi Nghia,
Tran Thi My Tien,
Nguyen Thi Kieu Oanh,
Nguyen Hoang Kim Nuong
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, June 2017
Pages:
69-77
Received:
4 April 2017
Accepted:
13 April 2017
Published:
17 May 2017
Abstract: The main aim of this study was to deal with isolation, characterization and identification IAA producing bacteria from paddy rice cultivated soil samples collected in rice–shrimp farming system in salt affected areas of the Mekong Delta of Vietnam. Fifteen soil samples collected from the rice crop in the rice-shrimp farming system of 5 different provinces within the Mekong Delta, Vietnam were used to isolate the IAA producing bacteria. NBRIP media was used to isolate the potentially IAA producing bacteria. Result showed that 213 isolates were obtained from the fifteen different soil samples. Out of 45 indole acetic acid producing isolates, ten were selected as efficient producers. One out of ten, the isolate ST2-1 was identified as the most promising strain as efficient biofertilizer inoculants to promote plant growth. This strain produced 33.13 mg.L-1 as the highest concentration of IAA after 8 days of incubation. As well, this strain stimulated the growth of rice’s roots and dry biomass after 7 days of experiment with Hoagland medium containing 0.3% NaCl in 100 mL glass tube. This strain produced well IAA production in pH variation range of medium between 5 and 9 and this bacterial strain can resist to salinity of environment up to 3% NaCl. However, this bacterial was highly inhibited by not only 3 commonly used antibiotics: Ampicillin, Chloramphenicol and Steptomycin at recommended rates but also 3 plant pathology fungicides: Thiophanate Methyl, Propineb and Mancozed regarding to IAA production ability. The results of the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that this IAA producer coded as ST2-1 was genetically identified as species of Bacillus megaterium ST2-9 since 99% of its sequence affiliated with Bacillus megaterium. In conclusion, the study suggests the IAA producing bacteria as efficient biofertilizer inoculants to promote plant growth.
Abstract: The main aim of this study was to deal with isolation, characterization and identification IAA producing bacteria from paddy rice cultivated soil samples collected in rice–shrimp farming system in salt affected areas of the Mekong Delta of Vietnam. Fifteen soil samples collected from the rice crop in the rice-shrimp farming system of 5 different pr...
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Studies on Fish Diversity and Need for Their Conservation of Singhiya River, Morang District, Eastern Nepal
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, June 2017
Pages:
78-81
Received:
3 April 2017
Accepted:
14 April 2017
Published:
14 June 2017
Abstract: In the present study, twenty six species of fishes were recorded from Singhiya river, Morang district, Nepal during January to August (2016). The population present status of important fish species such as Gagata cenia and Lepidocephalus guntea was found to be threatened. Macrognathus pancalus and Mystus bleekeri was to be vulnerable and Glossogobius giuris and Puntius sarana to be intermediate. The Singhiya river have been found to be influenced by harmful human activities such as deforestation, direct waste disposal, discharge of toxic substances-fertilizers, pesticides through surface run-off from the agricultural field near the river and urbanization, industrialization, use of soaps and detergents, indiscriminate fishing, pollution, waste dumping are destroying the fresh water habitat and have been found to threaten the natural environment of fish diversity of Singhiya river which ultimately lead to their extinction and must be stopped or managed in a proper way for the conservation and sustainable utilization of aquatic-bioresources of the river.
Abstract: In the present study, twenty six species of fishes were recorded from Singhiya river, Morang district, Nepal during January to August (2016). The population present status of important fish species such as Gagata cenia and Lepidocephalus guntea was found to be threatened. Macrognathus pancalus and Mystus bleekeri was to be vulnerable and Glossogobi...
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Impact of Land Use and Agrochemicals on Quality Potential of Wetland Soils of Odeda Farm Institute, Eweje, Ogun State, Nigeria
Osinuga Olufemi Adewale,
Oyegoke Clara Olabisi
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, June 2017
Pages:
82-88
Received:
8 April 2017
Accepted:
22 April 2017
Published:
27 June 2017
Abstract: A study was conducted to examine the impact of land use and agrochemicals on wetland soil quality of Odeda Farm Institute, Eweje, Ogun State, Nigeria. The land use types studied were maize, plantain, rice, vegetable, and fallow. Five profile pits were dug, four at agrochemicals applied fields and one at fallow field as control. The results showed that soil texture was not influenced by land use and agrochemicals. The particle size distribution data showed that the soils consisted of high sand content (>600 g/kg). Soil pH, organic carbon and total nitrogen were low at agrochemicals applied fields when compared with the fallow field. The reverse is the trend for available P which is low at the fallow field due to non application of phosphate fertilizer. The heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn) results differed significantly (p<0.05) between the agrochemicals applied fields and the fallow field. Soil nutrients depletion and heavy metal accumulation were very prominent under agrochemicals applied fields. However, the impact of land use and agrochemicals which mostly accounted for major changes in the soil quality indicators can be immediate or long term, and wetland users should take into consideration long effect of current land decisions.
Abstract: A study was conducted to examine the impact of land use and agrochemicals on wetland soil quality of Odeda Farm Institute, Eweje, Ogun State, Nigeria. The land use types studied were maize, plantain, rice, vegetable, and fallow. Five profile pits were dug, four at agrochemicals applied fields and one at fallow field as control. The results showed t...
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Effects of Two Types of Fertilizer and Arbuscular Mycorrhiza on Damping off Disease (Macrophomina phaseolina) of Cowpea (Vigna uniguiculata L. Walp)
Oluwafolake A. Akinbode,
Omolola C. Ayeni
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, June 2017
Pages:
89-93
Received:
13 June 2015
Accepted:
6 September 2015
Published:
4 July 2017
Abstract: A screen house experiment was carried out to determine the effect of organic fertilizer, compost, inorganic fertilizer, and single super phosphate and Arbuscular mycorrhiza on damping-off disease of cowpea. The experimental design used was completely randomized design (CRD). There were fifteen treatments which were replicated three times. 2g of Macrophomina phaseolina (damping off disease) was infested on 10kg of soil sample in each pot with (30 by 75) cm spacing. Arbuscular mycorrhiza, compost (poultry based) and single super phosphate (SSP) were applied at the rate of 2250kg/ha, 1670kg/ha and 676kg/ha respectively. Three seeds of cowpea were sown into each pot, but later thinned into two plants per pot. Data on germination percentage at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days, number of leaves of cowpea at 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks after planting, weight of pods per plant, incidence and severity at which pathogens affected the cowpea plant per treatment and growth yield of each treatment were collected and analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and means separated using the Duncan multiple range test. The plants that were treated with 676kg/ha single super phosphate produced higher cumulative weight of harvested fruits per plant followed by Arbuscular mycorrhiza, which did not have any negative effect on environment. The values of phosphorus in the post harvest soil analysis revealed that lower values of phosphorus were recorded in Single Super Phosphate treated pots, while plants treated with Arbuscular mycorrhiza at 500kgha-1 produced higher P value than the pre-planting soil analysis indicating the absorption of large amount of the elements. It was therefore recommended that Arbuscular mycorrhiza could be used to optimize seed yield in cowpea.
Abstract: A screen house experiment was carried out to determine the effect of organic fertilizer, compost, inorganic fertilizer, and single super phosphate and Arbuscular mycorrhiza on damping-off disease of cowpea. The experimental design used was completely randomized design (CRD). There were fifteen treatments which were replicated three times. 2g of Mac...
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The Use of Micro-Biological Agents at Different Pairing Times in the Control of Fusarium verticillioides Pathogen of Maize (Zea mays)
Oluwafolake Akinbode,
Feranmi Owolade,
Babatunde Ikotun,
Clement Odebode
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, June 2017
Pages:
94-101
Received:
13 June 2015
Accepted:
31 August 2015
Published:
4 July 2017
Abstract: Fusarium verticillioides is a widely distributed mitosporic pathogen of maize, able to cause corn seedling blight, root rot, stalk rot and kernel or ear rot. Synthetic fungicides and some crop management practices are also not advisable in the control of this pathogen because chemical fungicide result in environmental pollution or hazards. Antagonistic micro-biological agents (bioagents) can be recommended to farmers because it is cheaper and environmental friendly. This aim of this study was to assess the efficiency of antagonistic micro organisms in the control of Fusarium verticillioides of maize. The efficacy of micro-biological agents: Trichoderma viride, T. pseudokoningii, T. harzianum and Bacillus subtilis were assessed in vitro. Laid in the laboratory in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and subjected to analysis of variance using SAS, 2001. The four antagonistic bioagents showed different inhibitory effect in the control of F.verticillioides. T. viride and T. pseudokoningii were the most effective antagonists; they caused significant inhibitory effect on the growth of F.verticillioides by 0.75cm and 0. 72cm compared to the control which was 2.57cm respectively at 120 hours of incubation. T. harzianum and B. subtilis had the least inhibitory effect against the pathogen. There was a significant inhibition in the growth of F. verticillioides at < 0.05 when paired with all the micro-biological agents used. The introduction of the antagonist before the pathogen in vitro was observed to be the best followed by the simultaneous pairing, and the least inhibition was when the introduction of the antagonist 24 hours after the pathogen. It was observed that all the antagonists tested had good inhibitory potentials on the pathogen, F. verticillioides.
Abstract: Fusarium verticillioides is a widely distributed mitosporic pathogen of maize, able to cause corn seedling blight, root rot, stalk rot and kernel or ear rot. Synthetic fungicides and some crop management practices are also not advisable in the control of this pathogen because chemical fungicide result in environmental pollution or hazards. Antagoni...
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