Nutritional Status and Associated Factors Among Preschool Children in Bahir Dar City Administration, Northern Ethiopia: A Cross-sectional Study
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 3, May 2020
Pages:
43-54
Received:
6 February 2020
Accepted:
9 March 2020
Published:
17 June 2020
Abstract: The issue of child malnutrition is decisive as its characteristics are not restricted to the boundary of childhood but rather persist into adulthood. It is also a sober public health problem in which the recent report in the country showed 25% of children were underweight, 9% wasted and 38% stunted. However, underlying variations of these nutritional indicators and determinant factors among localities are poorly understood. Therefore, the main objective of the study is to assess the prevalence of child malnutrition, their causes, and related factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Bahir Dar on a total of 615 preschool-age children from February to May 2018. A multistage systematic sampling method was employed to collect quantitative data using a structured questionnaire and anthropometric measurements. The information was processed using Epi-Info 3.5.4 software and exported to SPSS 20 for analysis. NCHS reference population was used to convert height and weight measurements into Z-scores. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis techniques were employed to identify associated factors with nutritional status. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. The study indicated 7% of the children were wasted, 30.9% stunted, and 18.7% underweight. The bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that family income [AOR=.233 at 95% CI (.085-.637)], number of under-five children [AOR=2.618 at 95% CI (1.751-9.124)], source of water [AOR=2.852 at 95% CI (1.029-7.901)], paternal education [AOR=4.19 at 95% CI (1.298-13.527)], maternal education [AOR=2.740 at 95% CI (1.193-6.294)], and family head [AOR=.421 at 95% CI (.233-.762)], were positively associated with underweight. Chronic nutritional problems (stunting) and underweight were highly prevalent in Bahir Dar compared to the urban areas of neighbouring countries while the acute nutritional problem was at an intermediate level. To intervene in this problem, a community-based nutrition program should be established. Additionally, nutritional education should get a high emphasis to improve the nutritional status of children.
Abstract: The issue of child malnutrition is decisive as its characteristics are not restricted to the boundary of childhood but rather persist into adulthood. It is also a sober public health problem in which the recent report in the country showed 25% of children were underweight, 9% wasted and 38% stunted. However, underlying variations of these nutrition...
Show More
Feeding Practices and Nutritional Status of Children (Aged 2-5 Years) in Food Secure and Insecure Households in Kuyu Woreda, Oromia, Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 3, May 2020
Pages:
55-62
Received:
27 May 2020
Accepted:
10 June 2020
Published:
20 June 2020
Abstract: Malnutrition, poor child feeding practices and low dietary diversity are common in low income households, where food insecurity is prevalent. Therefore, this study was designed to assess and compare nutritional status, feeding practices and dietary diversity scores of children (aged 2-5 years) in food secure and insecure households of Kuyu woreda. A community based comparative, cross sectional study was conducted in March, 2016. Multi stages sampling methods were employed to select 612 children, out of which 304 children were from food secure and 308 from insecure households. Dietary diversity score was assessed using a 24 hrs recall method. Anthropometric measurements of children were taken and nutritional status was generated using WHO Anthro v.3.2.2. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 was used to perform descriptive statistics, independent samples T test and chi-square test analyses. P value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. The prevalence of stunting, underweight and wasting was 48.7%, 36.7% and 20.5% respectively for children in food insecure households. While the prevalence of stunting was 43%, underweight 30.9% and wasting 16.8% for children in food secure households. Daily meal frequency; having breakfast, midmorning, afternoon and bedtime snack among children in food secure households were significantly higher than food insecure households (p<0.05). In addition, children restriction and pressure during meal were significantly (p<0.05) higher in food insecure households compared to their counterparts. Moreover, this study found that food secure and insecure households were significantly different in children's dietary diversity scores (x2=13.1, p<0.001), child feeding practices (x2=11.2, p= 0.001), consumption of dairy products (x2=15.44, p<0.001) and vitamin A rich fruits and vegetables (x2=8.37, p=0.004). Most importantly, the study revealed that nutritional statuses of children from food secure households were significantly better compared to those from their counterparts. Therefore, all responsible bodies should support poor communities through providing foods or cash money to improve the nutritional status, child feeding practices and dietary diversity scores of children in the study area.
Abstract: Malnutrition, poor child feeding practices and low dietary diversity are common in low income households, where food insecurity is prevalent. Therefore, this study was designed to assess and compare nutritional status, feeding practices and dietary diversity scores of children (aged 2-5 years) in food secure and insecure households of Kuyu woreda. ...
Show More
Effects of Germination Temperature and Time on Malt Quality of Temash Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
Alemu Girma Tura,
Solomon Abera,
Belay Dereje Olika,
Teklu Chalcisa
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 3, May 2020
Pages:
63-73
Received:
31 January 2020
Accepted:
26 February 2020
Published:
23 June 2020
Abstract: Temash is one of barley varieties and traditionally used for kolo and malt. This study was conducted on its use for malt production. It was aimed to evaluate the effect of germination temperature and time on malt quality. The experiment consisted of the factorial design of two factors namely, germination temperature (15, 18 and 21°C) and germination time (3, 4 and 5 days), and was laid out in 3x3 completely randomized design with three replication. Each sample was steeped at room temperature (24°C) for 37 hrs and kilned at 50°C for 24 hrs. Samples subjected to treatments were evaluated for malt quality parameters. Temash grain proximate compositions were also analyzed. Regarding malt quality, germination at 18°C temperature for 4 days had better results with relatively higher hot water extraction and friability and lower weight loss. In the case of the grain quality requirements, temash grain fulfilled the acceptable range of the European Brewery Convention (EBC) and Asela Malt Factory Standard (Ethiopia).
Abstract: Temash is one of barley varieties and traditionally used for kolo and malt. This study was conducted on its use for malt production. It was aimed to evaluate the effect of germination temperature and time on malt quality. The experiment consisted of the factorial design of two factors namely, germination temperature (15, 18 and 21°C) and germinatio...
Show More
