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Utilization of Antenatal Care Services Among Pregnant Mothers in Wadajir District, Banadir Region-Mogadishu Somalia
Hussein Shire Jimale,
Ali Sheikh Mohamed Omer,
Adan Yusuf Mahdi,
Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, December 2020
Pages:
320-325
Received:
25 August 2020
Accepted:
25 September 2020
Published:
30 October 2020
Abstract: Antenatal care contributes to good pregnancy outcomes and often times benefits of antenatal care are dependent on the timing and quality of the care provided. Antenatal care is necessary to establish confidence between the woman and her health care provider, to individualize health promotion messages, and to identify and manage any maternal complications or risk factors. In low and middle income countries, complications of pregnancy and childbirth are the leading cause of death in women aged 14–49 years. This study aimed at determining the level of utilization of antenatal care services among pregnant mothers in Wadajir district, Banadir region, Somalia. Ethical clearance was sought from Benadir University Ethics committee, consent was sought from respondents and confidentiality was maintained by not using any form of identification. Methodology: The study adopted a community based cross-sectional study design. The target population consisted of all pregnant mothers aged 14 years to 49 years within Wadajir district. Data collection instruments was researcher administered questionnaires. The questionnaire was administered to the pregnant mothers who met the inclusion criteria. Data collected was coded and entered into the computer for analysis using STATA version 12.0. Results of the study were summarized using percentages, tables and charts. Chi-square statistics were used to test for strength of association between the research variables and the relationship between the dependent and independent variables under study. Results: The study established that source of income (OR 4.312500, P value 0.0181), person living with the pregnant mothers (OR 4.312500, P value 0.0181) and marital status (OR 1.8, P.value 0.0478) were significantly associated with ANC utilization. About 29.0% of the respondents had visited ANC at least once and above for checkup while 29.7% had never visited ANC clinics. Only 18.9% of the pregnant mothers managed the recommended 4 and above ANC visits. Number of Pregnancies (Gravida), (OR 2.2, P-value 0.0029), pregnant mother complications during pregnancy (OR 4.312500, P value 1.8), influenced utilization of ANC services by pregnant mothers. Conclusion: There is law percentage of pregnant mothers having at least four ANC and above visits (18.9%) as recommended by WHO, this indicates low utilization of antenatal care services. This study recommends customized ANC services targeting pregnant mothers to be established to increase utilization of ANC by pregnant mothers in Wadajir district. Stakeholders should come up with specific efforts towards enhancing staff motivation through introduction of incentives and better working environment.
Abstract: Antenatal care contributes to good pregnancy outcomes and often times benefits of antenatal care are dependent on the timing and quality of the care provided. Antenatal care is necessary to establish confidence between the woman and her health care provider, to individualize health promotion messages, and to identify and manage any maternal complic...
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Associated Factors with Pre-eclampsia Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in SOS Hospital Mogadishu, Somalia: A Hospital-based Study
Omar Dahir,
Samio Mohamud,
Ahmed Abdinoor,
Gallad Dahir,
Hoda Abdinur
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, December 2020
Pages:
326-331
Received:
14 October 2020
Accepted:
28 October 2020
Published:
4 November 2020
Abstract: Background and objective: Preeclampsia is a condition that affects some pregnant women during the second half of their pregnancy. It is estimated that 3-5% of all pregnancies is affected by preeclampsia and it has become the leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality across the world. The objective of this study was to determine risk factors associated with Pre-eclampsia among pregnant women attending antenatal care in SOS hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted among 80 pregnant women attending antenatal care in SOS hospital. Face to face interview questionnaire was performed from April to June 2020. SPSS version 23, was used for the data analysis. Socio-demographic of respondent, previous history of chronic disease obstetric characteristics were described using the statistics of frequency and Percentage distributions. Results: of the 80 of the diagnosed with preeclampsia, majority of the them were above the age of 30 this represented 33.8% depict that there is a high rate of preeclampsia cases in extreme ages. Divorced women had higher percentage of 61.3% compared to widowed and married women with 33.8% and 5 percent respectively. High blood pressure was high among the women tested with 77.5% of them had the history of hypertension. Majority of the women interviewed 76.3% had no family history of preeclampsia. Conclusion: the prevalence of preeclampsia variation was related by maternal age, maternal education, unemployed women, family problem, and previous history of hypertension and used women more salts during pregnancy. Among the pregnant women, those that were in the first trimester were almost the same as those that were at their third trimester with 42.5% and 38.8% respectively. Only 42.5% of the gestational age of pregnancy were at their first trimester. Regular training of health workers on preeclampsia causes, effects and how to prevent it from becoming a long lasting issue among pregnant women need to be addressed and for further studies are recommended.
Abstract: Background and objective: Preeclampsia is a condition that affects some pregnant women during the second half of their pregnancy. It is estimated that 3-5% of all pregnancies is affected by preeclampsia and it has become the leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality across the world. The objective of this study was to determine ri...
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Characterization of Abdominal Organs Among Patients with Ascites, Elribat Teaching Hospital, Sudan; Sonographic Study
Taha Ahmed Elmukashfi Elsheikh,
Elsafi Ahmed Abdullah Balla,
Ashraf Mustafa Mohammed Osman
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, December 2020
Pages:
332-338
Received:
23 July 2020
Accepted:
7 October 2020
Published:
9 November 2020
Abstract: Background: Ascites is an accumulation of excessive fluid in peritoneal cavity. Aim: To determine sonographic appearances of abdominal organs among patients having ascites, attending at Ultrasound Department, Elribat Teaching Hospital, Sudan; 2016. Methods: The study design was a cross sectional study. Independent variable was ascites. Dependent variables were liver echogenisity, size, volume and width; pancreas echogenisity, size, volume and width; spleen echogenisity, size, volume and width; para-aortic lymph nodes echogenicity, diameter, volume, and width; ascetic fluid volume; and kidney echogenisity, size, volume and width. Twenty nine patients were selected. Investigation was done using abdominal ultrasound. Personal data (age, and sex) was obtained by direct interview. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 21. Chi square test at 95% CL was considered statistically significant. Results: About 65.5% of them were male; 31% were in age group (66-80) years, followed (24.1%) by age group (51-65) years, and least one (3.4%) was age group (21-35) years; mean age was 56.96 years; minimum age was 8 years; and maximum age was 88 years. Percentage of increased liver echogenicity, volume, width, and diameter; was found to be high. Width and diameter of spleen was increased among most of respondents. There was strong statistical association between echogenicity of liver and that of spleen; between echogenicity, diameter, width, and volume of para-aortic lymph nodes; and ascetic fluid volume. Regarding ascetic fluid volume there was equal distribution of moderate and gross ascites among them. There was statistical association between para-aortic lymph nodes volume and ascetic fluid volume. Echogenicity of spleen together with echogenicity of pancreas were statistically associated with echogenicity of para-aortic lymph nodes. Conclusion and recommendations: Involvement of liver was obvious among patients having ascites. Conduction of a research to correlate sonographic findings with diagnosis of disease is recommended.
Abstract: Background: Ascites is an accumulation of excessive fluid in peritoneal cavity. Aim: To determine sonographic appearances of abdominal organs among patients having ascites, attending at Ultrasound Department, Elribat Teaching Hospital, Sudan; 2016. Methods: The study design was a cross sectional study. Independent variable was ascites. Dependent va...
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Epidemiologic Response to the First Case of COVID-19 in Nigeria
Tomi Coker,
Hakeem Abiola Yusuff,
Oladipo Olanrewaju Ogunbode,
Olawale Sunday Animasaun,
Adesoji Olatunde Odukoya,
Olukemi Titilope Olugbade,
Idris Nasir Abdullahi,
Omotayo Yusuff Awere,
Gloria Charles Archibong,
Adefunke Comfort Adesina,
Islamiat Soneye,
Amos Akinremi,
Adeniyi Hakeem Bisiriyu,
Oluseyi Moses Adu,
Abisola Tosin Egbebi,
Serifat Omobolanle Aminu,
Folake Olubunmi Ajayi,
Risquat Oluremi Salako,
Festus Olukayode Soyinka,
Olukayode Kusimo,
Adesanya Ekundayo Ayinde,
Sunday Dele-David,
Muhammad Shakir Balogun
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, December 2020
Pages:
339-345
Received:
24 October 2020
Accepted:
16 November 2020
Published:
11 December 2020
Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in an unprecedented global health security challenge, economic downturns and psychosocial disruptions. First reported in Wuhan, China, the epidemic swiftly spread to over 200 countries and territories. In Nigeria, the first confirmed COVID-19 case was imported via air travel on 24th of February 2020 and Confirmed on 27th of February 2020. Minimal public health surveillance activities were initiated before then. In response to the confirmation of COVID-19, incident management activities, epidemiologic surveillance, contact tracing, infection, prevention and control trainings, COVID-19 testing and activation of isolation and treatment centers were immediately implemented in Ogun State. The objective of the outbreak investigation in Ogun State was to determine the magnitude of the outbreak, characterize the outbreak, and implement disease detection and response activities. This report documents and reflects on the steps taken to mitigate the initial spread of COVID-19 and the outbreak response activities in Ogun State, Nigeria. Adequate risk communication, robust surveillance, effective contact tracing and isolation of primary contacts of the first confirmed case in Nigeria as well as implementation of infection, prevention and control measures were pivotal tools that helped to curtail the initial spread of the infection. Operative collaboration between all stakeholders involved in response and surveillance to emerging dangers is necessary to detect cases early and to implement adequate preventive and control measures.
Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in an unprecedented global health security challenge, economic downturns and psychosocial disruptions. First reported in Wuhan, China, the epidemic swiftly spread to over 200 countries and territories. In Nigeria, the first confir...
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Prevalence of Ailments in a Youth Camp in Southern Nigeria
Cyprian Chuks Odega,
Kehinde Charles Mofolorunsho
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, December 2020
Pages:
346-350
Received:
4 November 2020
Accepted:
19 November 2020
Published:
16 December 2020
Abstract: Background: The National Youth Service Corps organizes a three-week orientation course for young Nigerian graduates who graduated at less than 30 years of age from polytechnics or Universities either in Nigeria or outside Nigeria. They are sent to an orientation camp in the state of deployment. This camp brings together the graduate youths and many camp officials from several organizations. Objective: This study was carried out to assess the prevalence of diseases in NYSC camp in Delta State, southern Nigeria. Method: Case notes of all who accessed health care from the camp clinic for the 3 weeks of the orientation course were retrieved to get their demographic details, dates of presentation at the clinic and ailments. These were analyzed and frequency counts and percentages obtained for them. Results: Of the 1,249 persons that presented to the clinic, 92.2% were corps members, 50.2% were males and 92.2% were Christians. Some of the patients visited the clinic up to 3 different times. Upper respiratory tract infection was most prevalent with 30.9%, 33.3% and 22.2% prevalence for 1st, 2nd and 3rd visits respectively. Uncomplicated malaria was next most prevalent ailment on camp and was also the most common associated ailment with upper respiratory tract infection. Most of the visits to the camp clinic were in the 1st and 2nd week of the orientation course. Conclusion: While URTI and uncomplicated malaria were the most common ailments report, there was no record of outbreak of infectious disease on the camp for the period.
Abstract: Background: The National Youth Service Corps organizes a three-week orientation course for young Nigerian graduates who graduated at less than 30 years of age from polytechnics or Universities either in Nigeria or outside Nigeria. They are sent to an orientation camp in the state of deployment. This camp brings together the graduate youths and many...
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Womens Sociodemographic and Gyneco-Obstetrical Factors Related to IPTp Observance in Ouidah-Kpomasse-Tori Bossito, Benin
Padonou Sètondji Géraud Roméo,
Aguemon Badirou,
Damien Georgia,
Tognifode Mèdessè Véronique,
Djossou Elisette,
Codjia Estelle,
Hinson Antoine Vickey,
Ayelo Paul
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, December 2020
Pages:
351-357
Received:
1 December 2020
Accepted:
9 December 2020
Published:
25 December 2020
Abstract: Background: In Benin, adherence to intermittent preventive treatment against malaria in pregnant women is below national indicators. This study aimed to determine the rate of IPT1, IPT2, and IPT3 and to investigate the sociodemographic and gyneco-obstetrical factors associated with IPTp’s intake. Methods: During a cross-sectional study conducted from October 2017 to February 2018 in southern Benin, 422 women, pregnant in the last trimester or who gave birth less than a month ago were included. Sociodemographic, gynecological and obstetric factors were collected. Logistic regression model was fitted to search for factors associated with IPT’s use. Results: The rates of IPT1, IPT2 and IPT3 were 36.49%, 26.78% and 11.14% respectively. Primiparous mothers (OR=1.31 [1.11-1.92]), women who had attended at least 4 antenatal care visits (ACV) (OR=12.93 [6.27-26.64]) and those who received IPT counseling during their ACV (OR=5.27 [3.02-9.17]) were more likely to take IPT. Conversely, the increase in women’s age was associated with a lower probability of taking IPT (OR=0.56 [0.51-0.92]). No significant association was found with marital status (p=0.37) and schooling level (p=0.38). Conclusion: This study confirmed the low use of IPTp for all doses. Our findings suggest strengthening public health interventions to increase women's participation in prenatal consultations by targeting older and multiparous women. Intervention such as organizing intra-community prenatal consultations in addition to those organized at the health center would be useful to improve the national coverage of the IPTp.
Abstract: Background: In Benin, adherence to intermittent preventive treatment against malaria in pregnant women is below national indicators. This study aimed to determine the rate of IPT1, IPT2, and IPT3 and to investigate the sociodemographic and gyneco-obstetrical factors associated with IPTp’s intake. Methods: During a cross-sectional study conducted fr...
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Implementing a New Technology in Diagnostic Services for Tuberculosis in Nigeria
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, December 2020
Pages:
358-364
Received:
3 December 2020
Accepted:
10 December 2020
Published:
25 December 2020
Abstract: This article analyses the experience of the Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH), Nigeria in its partnership arrangement with some international organisations to introduce a new technology to its diagnostic services for tuberculosis (TB) by adopting the use of GeneXpert test in line with the recommendation of World Health Organisation (WHO). It was a major health service reform targeted at achieving the third sustainable development goal. Therefore, the objective of this article was to review the literature on management issues and problems of change surrounding the implementation of GeneXpert as a new technology in the diagnostic services for TB in Nigeria, and provide learning opportunities for health service administrators in resource-limited settings that might be considering such arrangement. A literature survey of articles published between 2008 and 2018 was conducted; using Google Scholar, ScienceDirect and Scopus; to identify and review articles that analyse the change management process in the introduction of GeneXpert test for TB diagnosis in Nigeria. Consequently, a total of 10 articles were critically analysed. The review showed a paucity of articles that examined how change process in the introduction of GeneXpert test for TB diagnosis was managed in Nigeria. The literature survey identified several challenges in the change process such as human resource and capacity building especially because the use of GeneXpert requires a certain level of computer literacy. In conclusion, this review highlighted the fact that the reform might be sustainable because of the adoption of decentralised service system in the implementation process.
Abstract: This article analyses the experience of the Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH), Nigeria in its partnership arrangement with some international organisations to introduce a new technology to its diagnostic services for tuberculosis (TB) by adopting the use of GeneXpert test in line with the recommendation of World Health Organisation (WHO). It was a ...
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Risk of Diabetes in Cameroonian Patients with Psychosis and Under Antipsychotic Therapy: A Cross-Sectional Study
Hermine Raissa Hell,
Maxwell Nguedjo Wandji,
Celine Sylvie Mimboe Bilongo,
Ruth Edwige Dibacto Kemadjou,
Boris Ronald Tchuente Tonou,
Therese Henriette Dimodi,
Gabriel Medoua Nama,
Olga Yvonne Mankollo Bassong
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 6, December 2020
Pages:
365-371
Received:
13 October 2020
Accepted:
23 December 2020
Published:
31 December 2020
Abstract: Background: Diabetes is a public health problem worldwide and in sub-Saharan African countries such as Cameroon. According to many studies, the use of antipsychotic drugs increases the risk of developing diabetes mellitus by 2 to 3 times more in people with psychotic disorders than in the general population. The present study aimed to assess the influence of antipsychotic drugs used on the risk of developing diabetes and to identify other factors predictive of abnormal blood glucose levels in patients suffering from psychosis. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from the 3rd to the 19th of January 2018. Patients aged at least 18 years old suffering from psychosis and undiagnosed as diabetic before initiation of antipsychotic treatment were recruited at the Jamot Hospital in Yaoundé. A questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic, anthropometric, and clinical data. The Chi-Square test was used to assess the relationship between hyperglycemia and categorical variables and the multivariate logistic regression model was used to determine independent predictors of hyperglycemia through the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Results: A total of 82 patients were included in the study (41 males and 41 females). The fasting blood sugar ≥100 mg/dL appeared to be higher but not significant in patients on atypical antipsychotic therapy (124.74±23.31mg/dL) compared to patients on typical antipsychotic therapy (115.74±18.63 mg/dL); with a positive and non-significant correlation between hyperglycemia and duration of treatment (r=0.215; p=0.053). However, in both typical and atypical antipsychotic patients, fasting glucose sugar levels between 110-125mg/dL were observed at the same level (118.07±4.84 mg/dL and 118.09±3.41mg/dL respectively). Male sex (OR=1.41; 95% CI 0.54-3.64), age group < 35 years (OR=1.84; 95% CI 0.69-4.88), single (OR=2.18; 95% CI 0.83-5.67), typical antipsychotic drugs (OR=1.12; 95% CI 0.42-3.01), schizophrenia (OR=1.80; 95% CI 0.25-12.84) and bipolar disorder (OR=1.50; 95% CI 0.14-15.46) were independent predictors of hyperglycemia in those patients. Conclusion: Regular monitoring of anthropometric and clinical parameters should be assigned to people suffering from psychotic disorders and under treatment. Therefore, they should benefit from good management of the risk factors for diabetes to prevent the onset of the disease and avoid increased morbidity and mortality in this vulnerable population.
Abstract: Background: Diabetes is a public health problem worldwide and in sub-Saharan African countries such as Cameroon. According to many studies, the use of antipsychotic drugs increases the risk of developing diabetes mellitus by 2 to 3 times more in people with psychotic disorders than in the general population. The present study aimed to assess the in...
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