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Diagnose the Size of Left Atrial Appendage for Watchman Device
Hamidreza Khezri,
Mojtaba Farzaneh
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, December 2019
Pages:
38-44
Received:
26 September 2019
Accepted:
14 October 2019
Published:
28 October 2019
Abstract: Nowadays Atrial Fibrillation (AFib) has been highly epidemic that is a heart condition causes the heart in an irregular rhythm and can increase the risk of stroke. The Left Atrial Appendage (LAA) which is a part of the heart is the main source of thrombosis in patients with AFib. Since AFib patients are at risk of developing clots in LAA, it is, therefore, necessary to detect the LAA anatomy and closure of LAA to prevent stroke. For some reason, such as the presence of different muscles in the heart and the irregular anatomy of LAA, detecting and determining the exact size of the LAA is difficult. In this paper, we present a fully automatic approach to diagnose the LAA and measure its size based on the inlet orifice and the depth of the LAA primary lobe for the implant by the WATCHMAN device. These processes utilize images that were taken by echocardiography (Echo) from the heart of patients and analyses at high speed with precision, and used the standard table provided by the manufacturer (WATCHMAN) and Neural Network (NN) to determine the accuracy the appropriate size of LAA for left atrial appendage closure (LAAC).
Abstract: Nowadays Atrial Fibrillation (AFib) has been highly epidemic that is a heart condition causes the heart in an irregular rhythm and can increase the risk of stroke. The Left Atrial Appendage (LAA) which is a part of the heart is the main source of thrombosis in patients with AFib. Since AFib patients are at risk of developing clots in LAA, it is, th...
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Eradication and Empowerment: Polio Vaccination in Internally Displaced Persons (IDP) Camps in Nigeria
Oluwatomiloba Mercy Ademokun,
Salimah El Amin,
Regina Glenn
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, December 2019
Pages:
45-56
Received:
26 September 2019
Accepted:
28 October 2019
Published:
31 October 2019
Abstract: Specific populations may have disadvantages such as elevated burdens of illness, injury, or lack of chance to attain good health. Such diverse populations may be defined by various factors, commonly including race or ethnicity, education, income, disability, geographic location, gender, or sexual orientation. It is vital that public health practitioners tackle preventable health disparities in underprivileged vulnerable populations, especially in communities where acts of violence inhibit Polio eradication efforts. One of the key preventable illnesses to consider when looking at the health status of Nigerians in the North is Polio. Cultural competency and understanding diversity are critical to developing effective and equitable public health interventions to meet such needs. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), Poliomyelitis more commonly known as “Polio” has been eradicated in most nations around the world; except 4 countries in recent years (Pakistan, Afghanistan, India, and Nigeria) and that is a shocking statistic. This fact causes a lot of "PAIN” to see individuals afflicted with a preventable disease that has already been eradicated in most countries in the world, but the good news is that eradication is possible. That means in our planning efforts we need to ensure the safety and security of our health care professionals charged to carry out immunization activities in these risky areas are priority-and can possibly overcome this insecurity challenge by using drone delivery of the polio vaccines in high risk communities in partnership with the Ministry of Defense. “Polio is a highly infectious disease caused by a virus and invades the nervous system, and can cause total paralysis in a matter of hours and is commonly found in the target group of children under the age of five”. Nigeria is the most populated country in Africa with a population of over 160 million people, and unfortunately the only African country on the continent left with active Polio cases. Results from the systemic reviews of evidence-based studies show that people need access to the right information and innovations, good quality affordable health care, and preventable immunization tools like polio vaccines. In conclusion, there is power in partnership with both public and private sector community partners, and parents of children-who are the most vulnerable, for targeted nationwide immunization days using innovative strategies that are very beneficial to protect children from Polio (See Figure 1: “The Fight to End Polio”).
Abstract: Specific populations may have disadvantages such as elevated burdens of illness, injury, or lack of chance to attain good health. Such diverse populations may be defined by various factors, commonly including race or ethnicity, education, income, disability, geographic location, gender, or sexual orientation. It is vital that public health practiti...
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Nanomedicines and Its Applications in the Healthcare
Abu Syed Md. Anisuzzaman,
Abdul Alim
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, December 2019
Pages:
57-59
Received:
26 September 2019
Accepted:
30 October 2019
Published:
7 November 2019
Abstract: Nanomedicine is the advanced application of nanotechnology in the healthcare fields and it is one of the key technologies of the 21st century. A nanomedicine can be defined as the advanced applications of nanotechnology for the treatment, diagnosis, monitoring, and control of biological systems. Different sorts of nanocarrier (nanoparticles) are used for the manufacturing and to help delivery of target medicines. The term “nanomedicines” covers a number of materials and structures, for example, proteins, dendrimers, micelles, liposomes, polymers, emulsions, nanocapsules, nanoparticles, etc. Nanoparticles contain some exclusive properties and they can be used in conjunction with therapeutic components to facilitate the diagnosis and treatment of debilitating diseases like cancer, diabetes and so on. As the human body is comprised of different types of molecules; the availability of molecular nanotechnology permits dramatic progress in human medical services. Nanomedicines provide vital scope for medical profession, primarily for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, and eventually for the improvement of knowledge of natural human biological systems and its functions. It is a developing group of therapeutics that involve the understanding of phenomena on the nanometer scale. Nanomedicines research needs expertise in a range of diverse fields (Life Sciences, Physics & Chemistry) and requires multidisciplinary team members. Future applications of nanomedicine in medical science will be reflected by using nanorobots for detection and treatment of various diseases.
Abstract: Nanomedicine is the advanced application of nanotechnology in the healthcare fields and it is one of the key technologies of the 21st century. A nanomedicine can be defined as the advanced applications of nanotechnology for the treatment, diagnosis, monitoring, and control of biological systems. Different sorts of nanocarrier (nanoparticles) are us...
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Biosimilars: Past, Present, and Future
Abdul Alim,
Ahasanul Hasan,
Abu Syed Md. Anisuzzaman
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, December 2019
Pages:
60-66
Received:
18 October 2019
Accepted:
7 November 2019
Published:
21 November 2019
Abstract: The expiry of patent of biologic medicines emerged the development and manufacturing of biosimilar products worldwide. A number of biologic medicines have successfully been developed and approved over the last one and half decades, enlightening the lives of patients globally. According to the European Medicines Agency (EMA), biosimilar product can be defined as a biological medicine that is highly similar to another biological medicine that has already been authorized for use. Biological medicines contain active substances from a biological source, for example, living cells or organisms (human, animals and microorganisms: bacteria or yeast) and are often manufactured by cutting-edge technology. Most of the biological medicines in current clinical use comprise of active substances made of proteins. Biopharmaceuticals contain a wide-range of products such as vaccines, immunoglobulins, monoclonal antibodies, cell and gene therapy products. The EMA led the way (well ahead of the Food and Drug Administration in the US) in evolving the biosimilar idea, and the type of science-based regulatory framework required to ensure high-quality, safe, and effective biosimilar medicines; the provisions for approval of biosimilars have been in place in Europe since the year 2005. Under these provisions, Omnitrope® (Somatropin-Sandoz-Novartis) was approved by the EMA in the year 2006 as the world’s first biosimilar medicine; the US Food and Drug Administration (US-FDA) approved ZarxioTM (Filgrastim-Sandoz) for all indications included in the reference product’s label in March 2015. ZarxioTM (Sandoz-Novartis) is the first biosimilar product approved by US-FDA.
Abstract: The expiry of patent of biologic medicines emerged the development and manufacturing of biosimilar products worldwide. A number of biologic medicines have successfully been developed and approved over the last one and half decades, enlightening the lives of patients globally. According to the European Medicines Agency (EMA), biosimilar product can ...
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Platelet Parameters and Variations With Age Amongst Elderly Nepalese Presenting in BPKIHS, Dharan Research Project (March 29-April 25)
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, December 2019
Pages:
67-70
Received:
21 June 2019
Accepted:
18 July 2019
Published:
25 November 2019
Abstract: Platelets are derived from megakaryocytes and help in hemostasis and produce growth factors. Platelet count and MPV are parameters used in various conditions and vary with age and sex. The purpose of this study was to compare platelet count and MPV of healthy young with healthy elderly and calculate normal range of platelet count and to find relationship of platelet count and MPV with age and sex. Prospective study was done on 202 people visiting hematology department of BPKIHS, 100 as cases and 102 as controls, after obtaining ethical clearance. Only the consenting individuals and individual meeting inclusion criteria were included in the study. Blood sample was drawn in EDTA vial and Platelet counts and MPV was measured by 5 part hematology analyzer. Results showed that platelet count is higher in females and young individuals while platelet volume is higher in elderly. Study shows that there is insignificant difference between platelet count and MPV between elderly population and young control. Thus, from this prospective study conducted on 202 people we concluded that there is a rise in MPV with age and decrease in platelet count. However, the difference is insignificant and does not mandate separate reference range for various age groups.
Abstract: Platelets are derived from megakaryocytes and help in hemostasis and produce growth factors. Platelet count and MPV are parameters used in various conditions and vary with age and sex. The purpose of this study was to compare platelet count and MPV of healthy young with healthy elderly and calculate normal range of platelet count and to find relati...
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Evaluating the Attitude of Nigerian Anatomists Towards Body Donations for Medical Education
Ogan Christopher Akanaku,
Odey Paul Anyiom,
Ikpa James Onah,
Asomugha Precious Remigius
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, December 2019
Pages:
71-75
Received:
23 September 2019
Accepted:
12 October 2019
Published:
25 November 2019
Abstract: The use of dissection in anatomy has long been considered a cornerstone in medical education irrespective of nation, racial background or medical school. Anatomy education in Nigeria is faced with the challenge of insufficient supply of cadavers. Body donation could be a possible solution to the inadequate supply of cadavers for medical education in Nigeria. Very little is known about body donation in Nigeria as well as the attitude of Nigerians towards body donation. In this study the attitude of Nigerian anatomists towards body donation was evaluated. Questionnaires were sent to anatomists in three universities in Nigeria covering three geographical zones in Nigeria. A total of fifty-eight (58) responses were obtained. The use of unclaimed bodies (58.6%) and the use of 3D models (46.6%) were the major solutions proposed for cadaver insufficiency. 85.5% of the participants thought that body donation campaigns could increase people’s willingness to donate their body for anatomical study. Only 47% of the participants were willing to campaign for body donation while 53% of the participants were not willing to campaign. Only a few of the participants (25%) were willing to donate their bodies for anatomical study. Their unwillingness was mainly due to religious reasons (26.5%), culture and tradition (12%) and also restrictions from family members (18%). Some even had reasons they would not disclose (28.5%). They could recommend body donation to others but will not recommend it to their relatives.
Abstract: The use of dissection in anatomy has long been considered a cornerstone in medical education irrespective of nation, racial background or medical school. Anatomy education in Nigeria is faced with the challenge of insufficient supply of cadavers. Body donation could be a possible solution to the inadequate supply of cadavers for medical education i...
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