Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-induced Interleukin-6 Expression by Increasing Protein Phosphatase-1α Expression
Mitsutaka Yakabe,
Sumito Ogawa,
Hidetaka Ota,
Katsuya Iijima,
Masato Eto,
Yasuyoshi Ouchi,
Masahiro Akishita
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 1, May 2015
Pages:
1-5
Received:
15 May 2015
Accepted:
25 May 2015
Published:
26 May 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.bs.20150101.11
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Abstract: Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB), a leucine metabolite, has been suggested to inhibit inflammation. However, its mechanism is not fully understood. Here we show that HMB repressed LPS-induced interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression by inhibiting the NF-B and AP-1 pathways. When protein phosphatase-1 (PP1) was knocked down, the effects of HMB were partly abrogated. We conclude that HMB might repress inflammation by modulating PP1 and its downstream NF-B and AP-1 pathways.
Abstract: Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB), a leucine metabolite, has been suggested to inhibit inflammation. However, its mechanism is not fully understood. Here we show that HMB repressed LPS-induced interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression by inhibiting the NF-B and AP-1 pathways. When protein phosphatase-1 (PP1) was knocked down, the effects of HMB were ...
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PGC-1α, A Stimuli-Inducible Nuclear Receptor Coactivator: Structural Features and Role in Skeletal Muscle Metabolism Gene Regulation
Yasutomi Kamei,
Yukino Hatazawa,
Ryoji Yoshimura,
Shinji Miura
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 1, May 2015
Pages:
6-9
Received:
9 June 2015
Accepted:
19 June 2015
Published:
23 June 2015
DOI:
10.11648/j.bs.20150101.12
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Abstract: PGC-1α was initially identified as a PPARγ-interacting protein from the brown adipose tissue and was subsequently found to associate with many nuclear receptors and transcription factors. Among many coactivators of nuclear receptors, PGC-1α is unique because of its induced expression by stimuli, such as cold stress in the brown adipose tissue, fasting in the liver, and exercise in the skeletal muscle. In this short review, we describe the molecular features and skeletal muscle metabolism function of PGC-1α.
Abstract: PGC-1α was initially identified as a PPARγ-interacting protein from the brown adipose tissue and was subsequently found to associate with many nuclear receptors and transcription factors. Among many coactivators of nuclear receptors, PGC-1α is unique because of its induced expression by stimuli, such as cold stress in the brown adipose tissue, fast...
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