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"MS-Patch-Clamp" or the Possibility of Mass Spectrometry Hybridization with Patch-Clamp Setups for Single Cell Metabolomics and Channelomics
Oleg Gradov,
Margaret Gradova
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 6, December 2015
Pages:
66-71
Received:
26 August 2015
Accepted:
9 October 2015
Published:
30 October 2015
Abstract: In this projecting work we propose a mass spectrometric patch-clamp equipment with the capillary performing both a local potential registration at the cell membrane and the analyte suction simultaneously. This paper provides a current literature analysis comparing the possibilities of the novel approach proposed with the known methods, such as scanning patch-clamp, scanning ion conductance microscopy, patch clamp based on scanning probe microscopy technology, quantitative subcellular secondary ion mass spectrometry or "ion microscopy", live single-cell mass spectrometry, in situ cell-by-cell imaging, single-cell video-mass spectrometry, etc. We also consider the ways to improve the informativeness of these methods and particularly emphasize the trend at the increasing of the analysis complexity. We propose here the way to improve the efficiency of the cell trapping to the capillary during MS-path-clamp, as well as to provide laser surface ionization using laser trapping and tweezing of cells with the laser beam transmitted through the capillary as a waveguide. It is also possible to combine the above system with the microcolumn separation system or capillary electrophoresis as an optional direction of further development of the complex of analytical techniques emerging from the MS variation of patch-clamp.
Abstract: In this projecting work we propose a mass spectrometric patch-clamp equipment with the capillary performing both a local potential registration at the cell membrane and the analyte suction simultaneously. This paper provides a current literature analysis comparing the possibilities of the novel approach proposed with the known methods, such as scan...
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2-(2-(Tert-Butoxycarbonyl) Propanamido) Acetic Acid ‘NCA-AG’ Synthesis, Characterization and Reaction Optimization for the Preparation
Estella Judith Salamula,
Martin Bredenkamp,
Deon Bezuidenhout,
Misael Silas Nadiye-Tabbiruka
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 6, December 2015
Pages:
72-76
Received:
6 October 2015
Accepted:
23 October 2015
Published:
10 November 2015
Abstract: 2-(2-(tert-butoxycarbonyl) propanamido) acetic acid (NCA-AG) was for the first time prepared using a variation of the Leuchs method. All compounds were characterized using melting point, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), ultra violet spectroscopy (UV), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and electron spray mass spectroscopy (ESMS). The reaction was optimised to obtain the highest yield by varying the reaction conditions namely; solvent, lewis acid and temperature.
Abstract: 2-(2-(tert-butoxycarbonyl) propanamido) acetic acid (NCA-AG) was for the first time prepared using a variation of the Leuchs method. All compounds were characterized using melting point, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), ultra violet spectroscopy (UV), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and electron spray mass spectroscopy (ESMS). The r...
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Effect of Biofield Treatment on Physical, Thermal, and Spectral Properties of SFRE 199-1 Mammalian Cell Culture Medium
Mahendra Kumar Trivedi,
Alice Branton,
Dahryn Trivedi,
Gopal Nayak,
Khemraj Bairwa,
Snehasis Jana
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 6, December 2015
Pages:
77-85
Received:
8 October 2015
Accepted:
16 October 2015
Published:
16 November 2015
Abstract: SFRE 199-1 medium (SFRE-M) is important mammalian cell culture medium, used for the culture of primary cells of mammals such as baboon kidney cells. The present study was attempted to evaluate the impact of biofield energy treatment on the physical, thermal and spectral properties of SFRE-M. The study was accomplished in two groups; one was set as control while another was subjected to Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment and coded as treated group. Subsequently, the control and treated samples were analyzed using various analytical techniques. The CHNO analysis showed about 2.16, 4.87, and 5.89% decrease in percent contents of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, respectively; while 9.49% increase in nitrogen contents of treated sample as compared to the control. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed 7.23% decrease in crystallite size of treated sample as compared to the control. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) analysis showed the increase in onset temperature of thermal degradation by 19.61% in treated sample with respect to the control. The control sample showed the 48.63% weight loss during the thermal degradation temperature (Tmax) while the treated sample showed only 13.62% weight loss during the Tmax. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed the 62.58% increase in the latent heat of fusion of treated sample with respect to the control sample. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectrum of treated SFRE-M showed the alteration in the wavenumber of C-O, C-N and C-H vibrations in the treated sample as compared to the control. Altogether, the XRD, TGA-DTG, DSC, and FT-IR analysis suggest that Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment has the impact on physical, thermal and spectral properties of SFRE-M. The treated SFRE-M was more thermal stable than the control SFRE-M and can be used as the better culture media for mammalian cell culture.
Abstract: SFRE 199-1 medium (SFRE-M) is important mammalian cell culture medium, used for the culture of primary cells of mammals such as baboon kidney cells. The present study was attempted to evaluate the impact of biofield energy treatment on the physical, thermal and spectral properties of SFRE-M. The study was accomplished in two groups; one was set as ...
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Metabolic Differences in the Steatosis Induced by a High-Fat Diet and High-Protein-Fat Diet in Rats
Daphne Santoro Leonardi-Carvalho,
Sergio Zucoloto,
Paula Payão Ovidio,
Renato Heidor,
Thomas Prates Ong,
Fernando Salvador Moreno,
Alceu Afonso Jordao
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 6, December 2015
Pages:
86-95
Received:
31 August 2015
Accepted:
29 October 2015
Published:
10 December 2015
Abstract: The study aim was to evaluate some effects of a high-fat diet and a high-protein-fat diet in the hepatic steatosis development in rats. Twenty nine Wistar rats were divided at random into three groups: Control: a control diet with soybean oil; HF: a high-fat diet with 50% of lard; HPF: a high-protein-fat diet with about 40% of protein and 50% of lard. The groups were fed with these diets during four weeks. The following parameters were analyzed: hepatic steatosis, serum and hepatic lipid profile, lipid peroxidation, antioxidants concentration and hepatocytes damage. The HF group showed the highest caloric intake per day and the highest weight gain (p<0.05). The hepatic cholesterol concentration was highest in the HF group and the serum total cholesterol concentration was highest in the HPF group (p<0.05). The macrovesicular steatosis was predominant in the HF group, with ballooning hepatocytes and Mallory bodies and in the HPF group predominant microvesicular steatosis was found, without ballooning hepatocytes and Mallory bodies. An increase in TBARS and a decrease in Vitamin E in the HF and HPF groups (p<0.05) was also found. The HF group showed the highest acid oleic deposit in the liver, followed by the HPF group. The SFA hepatic concentration was similar among the groups (p>0.05), whereas the MUFA concentration was higher in the HF and HPF (p>0.05) than the control group (p<0.05). Therefore, the experimental model used is an efficient model to study hepatic steatosis. The HF and HPF groups had the same behaviors for oxidative stress, serum glucose and hepatic damage in responses to the experimental diets, but these groups showed different esteatosis features.
Abstract: The study aim was to evaluate some effects of a high-fat diet and a high-protein-fat diet in the hepatic steatosis development in rats. Twenty nine Wistar rats were divided at random into three groups: Control: a control diet with soybean oil; HF: a high-fat diet with 50% of lard; HPF: a high-protein-fat diet with about 40% of protein and 50% of la...
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Isotopic Mass-Dependent MS-Patch-Clamp and Isotopic Mass-Independent ESR-Patch-Clamp
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 6, December 2015
Pages:
96-112
Received:
4 September 2015
Accepted:
17 November 2015
Published:
30 December 2015
Abstract: This paper is a comprehensive review of the possibilities of isotopic patch-clamp and isotopic mass-patch-clamp technique development and represents a brief summary of the student's tutorial review by S. Pankratov. We propose to distinguish between the mass-dependent and mass-independent patch-clamp. The main principles introduced here will be developed in details at the second part of this paper.
Abstract: This paper is a comprehensive review of the possibilities of isotopic patch-clamp and isotopic mass-patch-clamp technique development and represents a brief summary of the student's tutorial review by S. Pankratov. We propose to distinguish between the mass-dependent and mass-independent patch-clamp. The main principles introduced here will be deve...
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