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Comparison of the Effects of Cold on Cytochromes Р450 1А in the Rat Lungs Versus Liver
Maria L. Perepechaeva,
Alevtina Yu. Grishanova
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 2, June 2013
Pages:
7-12
Received:
7 May 2013
Published:
10 June 2013
Abstract: During hypothermia, most cellular processes are inhibited, including expression of numerous genes. A small number of special genes are activated, which code for proteins participating in cold acclimation of the cell. We previously uncovered a paradoxical phenomenon: cytochrome P450 subfamily enzymes (CYP1A) in rat liver are not inhibited but activated by systemic cooling. In the present study, we have investigated the influence of cold exposure on the activity and expression level of the CYP1A proteins in a different organ, rat lungs, and did not find any changes either in the activity or quantity of these enzymes. We hypothesize that this phenomenon is due to the absence of an endogenous intermediary of CYP1A induction in the rat lung, in contrast to the liver.
Abstract: During hypothermia, most cellular processes are inhibited, including expression of numerous genes. A small number of special genes are activated, which code for proteins participating in cold acclimation of the cell. We previously uncovered a paradoxical phenomenon: cytochrome P450 subfamily enzymes (CYP1A) in rat liver are not inhibited but activa...
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Optimization, Characterization and In Vitro Evaluation of Entomopathogenic Fungal Exopolysaccharides as Prebiotic
Wai Prathumpai,
Pranee Rachathewee,
Sutamat Khajeeram,
Jean-Jacques Sanglier,
Pariyada Tanjak,
Pawadee Methacanon
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 2, June 2013
Pages:
13-21
Received:
5 March 2013
Published:
20 June 2013
Abstract: Optimization of exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by three strains of entomopathogenic fungi (Beauveria bassiana BCC 2692, Ophiocordyceps dipterigena BCC 2073, and Paecilomyces tenuipes BCC 2656) was carried out together with analyses of their prebiotic properties. B. bassiana BCC 2692 produced 6.27±0.22 g/L EPS on optimal medium using two-level fractional factorial design and 4.7 g/L EPS in bioreactor. EPS productions of O. dipterigena BCC 2073 were 13.2 g/L and 41.2 g/L in shake flask and bioreactor, respectively. For P. tenuipes BCC 2656, 1.47±0.21 g/L EPS in shake flask and 28.1 g/L EPS in bioreactor were obtained. These EPS were previously characterized as -glucan with differences in molecular weights and degree of branching. They were resistant to hydrolysis by both hydrochloric acid and porcine pancreatic α-amylase. Furthermore, when used as the sole carbon source, all three types of EPS supported growth in vitro of two different probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus acidoplilus BCC 13839 and Bifidobacterium animalis ATCC 25527). A constant viability of L. acidophilus BCC 13839 was maintained throughout the cultivation period (48 hours) on all three entomopatogenic fungal EPS. All EPS also supported better growth and maintained longer growth period of B. animalis ATCC 25527 than glucose or inulin. Thus these entomopathogenic fungi EPS are promising candidates in prebiotic industry, expanding the pool of current commercial prebiotics.
Abstract: Optimization of exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by three strains of entomopathogenic fungi (Beauveria bassiana BCC 2692, Ophiocordyceps dipterigena BCC 2073, and Paecilomyces tenuipes BCC 2656) was carried out together with analyses of their prebiotic properties. B. bassiana BCC 2692 produced 6.27±0.22 g/L EPS on optimal medium using two-level fr...
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The Possible Role of GPI-Ceruloplasmin in Hypoxia De Novo Creation and Maintenance
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 2, June 2013
Pages:
22-27
Received:
30 May 2013
Published:
30 June 2013
Abstract: Ceruloplasmin is a member of the multicopper oxidases family (MCOs), multidomain proteins capable of oxidizing many structurally unrelated compounds reducing oxygen to water. While MCOs show great oxidative versatility, they can only transfer electrons to molecular oxygen, which is the obligate electron acceptor. Therefore, MCOs should also be considered as ‘‘O2 consuming enzymes’’. The glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchored ceruloplasmin (GPI-Cp) isoform present on the surface of the plasma membrane, does not seem to be involved in copper and iron metabolism. Since hypoxia is also a common feature of many rapidly growing solid tumors, we postulate that the regulation of GPI-Cp could be the molecular event in the creation and the maintenance of hypoxia in tumor cells. By inhibiting the GPI-Cp expression, it would appear possible to attempt to overcome tumor hypoxia, thus improving the efficiency of radiotherapy.
Abstract: Ceruloplasmin is a member of the multicopper oxidases family (MCOs), multidomain proteins capable of oxidizing many structurally unrelated compounds reducing oxygen to water. While MCOs show great oxidative versatility, they can only transfer electrons to molecular oxygen, which is the obligate electron acceptor. Therefore, MCOs should also be cons...
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Effect of Solanum Macrocarpon Fruit on Haematology, Hepatic and Renal Function
Duru Majesty,
Ugbogu Amadike,
Amadi Benjamin
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 2, June 2013
Pages:
28-32
Received:
24 June 2013
Published:
10 July 2013
Abstract: The effect of Solanum macrocarpon fruit on haematology, hepatic and renal function was studied. Twenty-five wistar albino rats were divided into five groups of five rats each. Aside the control group, the test groups were given compounded feed of ground Solanum macrocarpon fruit and normal (pelletized) rats feed. Results obtained for haematology, hepatic and renal function revealed significance effect (p<0.05) on some of the parameters investigated in test rats against those of the control. This study has shown the effect of Solanum macrocarpon fruit on haematology, hepatic and renal function.
Abstract: The effect of Solanum macrocarpon fruit on haematology, hepatic and renal function was studied. Twenty-five wistar albino rats were divided into five groups of five rats each. Aside the control group, the test groups were given compounded feed of ground Solanum macrocarpon fruit and normal (pelletized) rats feed. Results obtained for haematology, h...
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Seri-Bioinformatics: Emerging Trends and Challenges in Silkworm Research
Punyavathi,
Hosaholalu Boregowda Manjunatha
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 2, June 2013
Pages:
33-42
Received:
30 May 2013
Published:
20 July 2013
Abstract: With the advent of genomic and proteomic research from bacteria to man an unprecedented data generated are pertinently analyzed and managed by the evolving science - bioinformatics. In scientific research, Bombyx mori L. is considered as a model insect for molecular studies along with the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) and a central model species for genome studies in moths and butterflies (the insect order Lepidoptera). As a consequence, new findings in the fields of proteome, genome and bioinformatics have resulted in the exponential generation of data that are stored in assorted array of databases. These databases not only reducing the gap and time while allowing information’s to be accessed also emerged as a highly valuable platform through which scientific community can use, exchange and analyze molecular data across the world on mouse click. The computational approaches in various biological disciplines including agriculture/sericulture is not merely a reflection of a general extended usage of computers and the internet, but due to the creation of useful databases coupled with appropriate software’s and methods for access by the rest of the scientific community with ease. Application of bioinformatics tools and techniques not only facilitated detection of proteomic and genomic diversity among the species/strains but that resulted in finding a gap in the silkworm genome sequence of a strain that diverged during the course of domestication. In addition, bioinformatics approaches give an insight, uncovering the lineage with gene and protein count while B. mori and Drosophila encompass ~18,000 and ~16,000 (Genes) and ~9,000 and ~22,000 (Proteins) respectively, to discover their diversity and functional properties. In view of this, we have documented the innovations made in the emerging field “Seri-bioinformatics” as valuable resources aiming at feasible comparative studies among allied species and application in the field of biotechnology and biomedical sciences.
Abstract: With the advent of genomic and proteomic research from bacteria to man an unprecedented data generated are pertinently analyzed and managed by the evolving science - bioinformatics. In scientific research, Bombyx mori L. is considered as a model insect for molecular studies along with the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) and a central model spec...
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