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Well Water Level Analysis Based on Barometric Pressure Effects and Earth Tides
Fenghe Ding,
Heqing Ma,
Guofu Luo,
Xianwei Zeng
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, February 2019
Pages:
1-9
Received:
1 November 2018
Accepted:
20 November 2018
Published:
24 January 2019
Abstract: Barometric pressure coefficient and tidal factor are used to study the porosity, the solid skeleton volume compressibility coefficient and the water volume compressibility coefficient of the Dahuichang well, Banqiao well, Huanghua well, Dadianzi well, Fengzhen well and Sanhaodi well in the northern region of North China under undrained condition. The results show that there is power function relation between the porosity and the volume compressibility coefficient(the solid skeleton and the water)in the aquifer. In the first quadrant, the solid skeleton volume compressibility coefficient of each well increases with the increase of the porosity, the volume compressibility coefficient of the water decreases with the increase of porosity. Between the volume compressibility coefficient of the solid skeleton and the water exist unary quadratic polynomial relationship, and the volume compressibility coefficient of water is larger than that of solid skeleton, the water is easier to compress. In addition, according to the step barometric pressure response function in the regression deconvolution method, the groundwater type identifying results of the six wells aquifer system are shown that there is an e based exponential function between the lag time and the step barometric pressure response function of each well water level to barometric pressure. The coefficient before the base e is positive or negative to determine the groundwater type of the well aquifer system. For confined wells, the step barometric pressure response function increases with lag time of well water level to barometric pressure, while the unconfined wells and semi-confined wells are opposite.
Abstract: Barometric pressure coefficient and tidal factor are used to study the porosity, the solid skeleton volume compressibility coefficient and the water volume compressibility coefficient of the Dahuichang well, Banqiao well, Huanghua well, Dadianzi well, Fengzhen well and Sanhaodi well in the northern region of North China under undrained condition. T...
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Research on the Seismic Strain Field Before Earthquake Above Ms7, CHINESE Mainland
Guofu Luo,
Zhongwang Liu,
Fenghe Ding,
Heqing Ma,
Mingzhi Yang
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, February 2019
Pages:
10-19
Received:
12 December 2018
Accepted:
27 December 2018
Published:
30 January 2019
Abstract: In the paper, seismic strain field is considered as a variable of seismic activity. The strain field is calculated before the earthquake above Ms7 in mainland China since 1980, and the abnormal change of time factor is extracted before the earthquake, by means of the natural orthogonal function expansion method. The results show that the time factor before the large earthquake will change suddenly, jump or jump down on stationary background. At least 3 typical fields will appear abnormal changes in the first 4 ones of seismic strain field before the earthquake, having the characteristics of multi-component display anomalies. The earliest time of abnormal occurrence is about 3 years before the earthquake. Moreover, there are some short-term time factor anomalies before some earthquakes. Through case studies the results of case studies show that the time factor anomaly extracted by strain field is more unique than seismic energy field in analyzing the anomaly of seismic activity. The difference between strain field and energy field is also discussed.
Abstract: In the paper, seismic strain field is considered as a variable of seismic activity. The strain field is calculated before the earthquake above Ms7 in mainland China since 1980, and the abnormal change of time factor is extracted before the earthquake, by means of the natural orthogonal function expansion method. The results show that the time facto...
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Energy Recovering System for Moving Bulk Materials
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, February 2019
Pages:
20-44
Received:
23 October 2018
Accepted:
11 January 2019
Published:
21 February 2019
Abstract: Bulk materials, which are transported on continuous conveyors, partly have a high energy content, depending on the specified mass flow and the conveying velocity. At discharge points to a storage area or at transfer points from one conveyor to another, the energy content often increases due to the elevation of the discharge conveyor. At these points it is possible to recover a large part of the energy due to the mass flow (conveying velocity) and the drop height of the bulk material. This energy is usually converted into "wear" of the conveying system or the bulk material at discharge or transfer points. Furthermore, it is available free of charge and could be used to achieve more environmentally friendly continuous conveying systems. This research paper is focused on a new method which has been developed and patented by the "Chair of Mining Engineering and Mineral Economics - Conveying Technology and Design Methods" at the Montanuniversität Leoben / Austria. This invention makes it possible to recover a large part of the above mentioned energy. The invented so-called "Solid State Material Driven Turbine" allows the recovery of this energy directly to the conveying system using a traction drive, or to the electric circuit using a generator. The paper describes the new method and presents turbine prototypes that have been designed using simulations and tested under laboratory condition and in operational trials. Additionally, a discussion concerning the costs and economical aspects of the invention is included. For a special application of such a turbine a permanent magnetic safety coupling can be used. First test results of such a coupling are presented. The paper also includes layout criteria for an overshot "Solid State Material Driven Turbine". All executed experiments showed, that a recovery of energy from moving bulk materials using a "Solid State Material Driven Turbine" is possible. An efficiency of more than 50% can be realised. The occurred challenges during the tests phase under real conditions can be managed effortlessly.
Abstract: Bulk materials, which are transported on continuous conveyors, partly have a high energy content, depending on the specified mass flow and the conveying velocity. At discharge points to a storage area or at transfer points from one conveyor to another, the energy content often increases due to the elevation of the discharge conveyor. At these point...
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Geophagic Clayey Materials of Sabga Locality (North West Cameroon): Genesis and Medical Interest
Elvis Duplex Kenne Kalguem,
Armand Sylvain Ludovic Wouatong,
Daniel Njopwouo,
Christel Sobdjou Kemteu,
Georges Ivo Ekosse
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, February 2019
Pages:
45-59
Received:
10 January 2019
Accepted:
14 February 2019
Published:
6 March 2019
Abstract: Geophagia, the deliberate ingestion of clayey materials, is a complex eating behaviour with obscure etiology and numerous health/medical problems. Geological, mineralogical and geochemical studies were carried out on Sabga geophagic clayey materials located within a trachyte Bamenda mountain, about 16 km east of Bamenda town (North West Cameroon), in order to define the genesis, and its medical interest. Four (04) samples were characterized by different techniques: description of outcrops and pits, particle size distribution by laser dispersion, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, Scanning electron microscopy and bulk chemical analyses. The main clay minerals were smectite (49-60%) and kaolinite (4-6%). The other major minerals are quartz (19-34%), feldspar (6-12%), goethite (3-6%), and hematite (1-3%). The average particle diameter varied from 2 to 9 μm. Results from the different analytical techniques point out a meteoric weathering of feldspar as petrogenetic origin of geophagic clayey materials. Smectite and kaolinite, which are the main desirable minerals components of the geophagic clayey materials, were geochemically derived from surrounding trachytes. However the presence of crystalline silica (quartz) up to 2% limits the application of some Sabga geophagic clayey materials for pharmaceutical clays. The high radioactive (Th, U), carcinogenic (Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni) and teratogenic (or birth defects) (Cu, Zn, Pb) elements contents in some Sabga geophagic clayey materials implied some pretreatment.
Abstract: Geophagia, the deliberate ingestion of clayey materials, is a complex eating behaviour with obscure etiology and numerous health/medical problems. Geological, mineralogical and geochemical studies were carried out on Sabga geophagic clayey materials located within a trachyte Bamenda mountain, about 16 km east of Bamenda town (North West Cameroon), ...
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Review on Research of the Negative Air Ion Concentration Distribution and its Correlation with Meteorological Elements in Mountain Tourist Area
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, February 2019
Pages:
60-68
Received:
6 September 2018
Accepted:
5 November 2018
Published:
15 March 2019
Abstract: This paper focuses on the research progress of the negative air ion concentration distribution characteristics and its correlation with meteorological elements in mountain tourist areas for recent decades in China. Many researches showed that the distribution of negative air ion in mountain tourist areas has obvious daily and seasonal variations, and its space changes also have regularity. In a day, the NAI concentration will appear alternately with peaks and troughs. The changes of NAI concentration are the summer, autumn high, winter and spring low, the highest in summer, the lowest in winter. In the middle and low altitude areas, NAI concentration is positively correlated with elevation, and negative correlation in high altitude. The concentration of NAI is related to wind speed, air humidity, air temperature, solar radiation, weather conditions, and other meteorological elements. Most research results show that humidity is the most important meteorological factor affecting NAI concentration. The NAI concentration in mountainous scenic spots is significantly positively correlated with relative humidity and rainfall intensity, positively correlated with wind speed and solar radiation, negatively correlated with air temperature. However, due to different sources of monitoring data, observations difference in time, different sample size and other elements, the conclusions on negative air ion concentration distribution characteristics and its correlation with the meteorological factors are not entirely consistent. Negative air ion monitoring equipment should be gradually standardize to ensure the reliability of monitoring data in the future, while we should take advantage of years of continuous observations to carry the study of correlation between negative air ion and meteorological factors, and this will provide a theoretical basis for negative air ion concentration forecasts.
Abstract: This paper focuses on the research progress of the negative air ion concentration distribution characteristics and its correlation with meteorological elements in mountain tourist areas for recent decades in China. Many researches showed that the distribution of negative air ion in mountain tourist areas has obvious daily and seasonal variations, a...
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