Seismic Facies Recognition of Ultra-Deep Carbonate Rocks Based on Convolutional Neural Network
Zhang Xuan,
Yan Zhenhua,
Xu Xiang,
Li Xiang,
Chen Zhigang,
Li Jianhua,
Ji Xuewu
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 2, April 2023
Pages:
41-46
Received:
13 April 2023
Accepted:
2 May 2023
Published:
10 May 2023
Abstract: Seismic facies is a seismic reflection unit defined by specific seismic reflection characteristics, that is, the seismic responses of sedimentary facies or geological bodies, whose accuracy will directly affect the reliability of oil and gas exploration results. Currently, seismic facies is generally recognized depending upon the differences between certain single trace seismic attributes (waveform, frequency spectrum, and amplitude, etc.) and adjacent units to conduct cluster analysis. Such methods, however, have ambiguity in identifying special reflective structures with continuous waveforms (e.g. massive carbonate deposits). In order to solve this problem, this paper incorporates artificial intelligence (AI) technology into automatic recognition of seismic facies with special reflection structures. Firstly, a 2D seismic facies classification sample label set is designed and formed. Then, a seismic facies prediction model is designed and constructed using a multi-layer convolutional neural network (CNN). Finally, the trained model is used to automatically track the seismic facies in the study area. This method was applied to seismic facies recognition for the Sinian Dengying Formation in an area of the Sichuan Basin, and the seismic facies recognized were compared with artificially interpreted ones. It is confirmed that the proposed method provides a better effect than artificial interpretation, with greatly improved accuracy and efficiency.
Abstract: Seismic facies is a seismic reflection unit defined by specific seismic reflection characteristics, that is, the seismic responses of sedimentary facies or geological bodies, whose accuracy will directly affect the reliability of oil and gas exploration results. Currently, seismic facies is generally recognized depending upon the differences betwee...
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Study on Physical Dimensions of Some Expressions of Petrophysics
José Carlos Xavier da Silva,
Giovanni Chaves Stael,
Camila Ferreira Augusto Fernandes
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 2, April 2023
Pages:
47-52
Received:
22 March 2023
Accepted:
23 April 2023
Published:
18 May 2023
Abstract: This study arose during the survey of a large number of works aiming to prepare a permeability model that presented a better accuracy than those consecrated in the literature for different types of reservoir rocks in the petrophysical area. The methodology used was to appreciate the mathematical expressions replacing physical quantities by their dimensions in the LMT system. After replacing length by L, mass by M and time by T, we compare the first members of the equations with the second to verify the homogeneity of the magnitudes involved in each mathematical formula. When these expressions are tested with experimental data, were identified formulas that did not show equilibrium in dimensions of their magnitudes, where it was observed that the permeability values found did not exhibit units of squared length. It has been used the phase spatial encoding in the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Tool with experimental data of porosity, irreducible fluid volume, free fluid volume and transverse relaxation time. This distortion led us to conclude that the equations did not present their homogeneous physical dimensions, motivating a deep study in the identification of expressions used in the permeability calculation, in sandstone and carbonate rocks, with no equilibrium in their dimensional equations in any unit system. This review aims to identify the constants used in the equations equilibrium suggesting modifications that can be obtained through pre-established relationships to increase the reliability of the equations previously used.
Abstract: This study arose during the survey of a large number of works aiming to prepare a permeability model that presented a better accuracy than those consecrated in the literature for different types of reservoir rocks in the petrophysical area. The methodology used was to appreciate the mathematical expressions replacing physical quantities by their di...
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