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Results of Cultivation of Japanese Kelp (Saccharina japonica) in Primorsky Krai, Russia
Delik D. Gabaev,
Serge M. Dimitriev
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, May 2016
Pages:
145-159
Received:
14 January 2016
Accepted:
25 March 2016
Published:
12 April 2016
Abstract: Animals and plants, living near human settlements in the three climatic zones, accumulate substances that allow them to resist extreme environmental factors. By consuming these plants and animals, people strengthen the immune system that also facilitates their existence in harsh conditions. Many of the world known species appreciated for their medicinal properties inhabit Primorsky Krai, which is located in three climatic zones. On land, these are plants of the family of Araliaceae, including the well-known ginseng; in the sea, the Japanese sea cucumber and brown algae, including the Japanese kelp Saccharina (=Laminaria) japonica. This publication provides the results of cultivation of commercially valuable Japanese kelp by several technologies at sea-based farms in Russia.
Abstract: Animals and plants, living near human settlements in the three climatic zones, accumulate substances that allow them to resist extreme environmental factors. By consuming these plants and animals, people strengthen the immune system that also facilitates their existence in harsh conditions. Many of the world known species appreciated for their medi...
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Nutritional Adequacy of the Daily Stuff at the University Canteens: The Case of a Philippine University
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, May 2016
Pages:
160-169
Received:
3 March 2016
Accepted:
25 March 2016
Published:
16 April 2016
Abstract: One of the services that a college or university offers to her students is food service. The school canteen can serve as an avenue for developing proper food habits, supporting nutrition education and observing table etiquette. The school canteen can also help reduce nutritional problems by offering and promoting a good selection of economical but nutritious, palatable and sanitary foods. The purpose of this study is to determine the nutritional qualities of the foods regularly sold and consumed by the students and employees at the school canteens. Ten snack items were subjected to analysis to determine their calorie and nutritive values. The study revealed that most of the snack foods do not meet at least one-fifth of the recommended energy and nutrient intake (RENI) for adolescents ages 16 to 18 years for calories, proteins, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, calcium and iron. It is suggested that regular evaluation of nutritional qualities of food be conducted to ensure the consumption of wholesome food leading to improved health and well-being.
Abstract: One of the services that a college or university offers to her students is food service. The school canteen can serve as an avenue for developing proper food habits, supporting nutrition education and observing table etiquette. The school canteen can also help reduce nutritional problems by offering and promoting a good selection of economical but ...
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Effect of Grape Juice Consumption and Red Wine in the Osteoprotegerin Level and Systolic Blood Pressure in Rats Wistar Fed High - Fat Diet
Teresa Palmisciano Bedê,
Vânia Mattoso,
Ana Cláudia Pascoal,
Eduardo de Salvo Castro,
Carlos Alberto Soares da Costa,
Gilson Teles Boaventura,
Vilma Blondet de Azeredo
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, May 2016
Pages:
170-174
Received:
21 March 2016
Accepted:
31 March 2016
Published:
16 April 2016
Abstract: High-fat diet contributes to reduction of bone mineral density and development of cardiovascular diseases. High-fat diet promotes the release substrate for formation of atheromatous plaques as well as increase production of cytokines and prostaglandins, interfering negatively in the concentration of osteoprotegerin - responsible for inhibiting the osteoclastogenesis. The interest by functional foods and their effects on diseases prevention is growing. This study evaluated the effect of whole grape juice consumption and red wine in the osteoprotegerin level and blood pressure in rats fed fat diet. They were used 40 rats Wistar Albino, adult, divided in groups: control - balanced diet; hiperlipydic – high-fat diet; wine - red wine + high-fat diet; juice - grape juice + high-fat diet. Water and ration were offered ad libitum and grape juice and red wine daily, during 60 days. Blood pressure was measured by a tail plestimograph and interleukin 6 (IL-6) and osteoprotegerin by ELISA. Results are expressed as mean and standard deviation. For comparison it was used ANOVA and Tukey as post-test, considering p<0.05. Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) was lower in grape juice group than hiperlipydic and red wine groups and similar to control group. IL-6 level (pg/mL) was lower in grape juice group than wine group, but it was similar to control and hiperlipydic groups. Hiperlipydic and wine groups showed lower osteoprotegerin level (pg/mL) than control and juice groups. Daily consumption of grape juice seems minimize the effects of high-fat diet in cardiovascular diseases risk and bone demineralization, by maintaining adequate concentration of osteoprotegerin and the systolic blood pressure in animals.
Abstract: High-fat diet contributes to reduction of bone mineral density and development of cardiovascular diseases. High-fat diet promotes the release substrate for formation of atheromatous plaques as well as increase production of cytokines and prostaglandins, interfering negatively in the concentration of osteoprotegerin - responsible for inhibiting the ...
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Rhizome Extract of White Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roxb) Maintains Testicular Function of Aging Mice
Sutyarso,
Hendri Busman,
Mohammad Kanedi,
Muhartono
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, May 2016
Pages:
175-178
Received:
27 March 2016
Accepted:
5 April 2016
Published:
26 April 2016
Abstract: Ginger is recognized as antioxidants and chemoprotective. Therefore the rhizome extract of this plant could allegedly reverse aging process. The study is intended to investigate the possible effects of rhizome extract of white ginger (Zingiber officinale Roxb.) on the testicular function of aging male mice (Mus musculus Linn.). Male albino mice aged 12-14 months, grouped into three consisted of 12 mice, were given extract orally as follows: 0 mg/kg (as a control), 50mg/kg and 100 mg/kg daily for 70 days. The testicular function parameters assessed were: the number of spermatogenic cells, the number and quality of sperm. Compared to control group, male mice treated with ginger extract showed significant high quality of sperm count, viability, motility and morphology (P<0.001). Histological parameters of the testis: pre-leptotene as well as pachytene spermatocytes and spermatids cells also significantly higher in the treated group (P <0.01) than that of control. In conclusion, rhizome extract of ginger effectively maintain function of reproductive system of male mice in aging process and, thus, ginger is potentially as the fertility and anti-aging herbs.
Abstract: Ginger is recognized as antioxidants and chemoprotective. Therefore the rhizome extract of this plant could allegedly reverse aging process. The study is intended to investigate the possible effects of rhizome extract of white ginger (Zingiber officinale Roxb.) on the testicular function of aging male mice (Mus musculus Linn.). Male albino mice age...
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Antimicrobial Substances Production at Refrigeration Temperatures by Lactobacillus delbrueckii MH10: A Candidate for Food Biopreservation
Hrachya Hovhannisyan,
Alireza Goodarzi,
Andranik Barseghyan
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, May 2016
Pages:
179-184
Received:
2 April 2016
Accepted:
11 April 2016
Published:
26 April 2016
Abstract: The objective of this study was to determine formation of antibacterial substances in supernatants of L. delbrueckii during cold storage and evaluate whether the application of this bacteria to raw ground beef would result in significant reductions of E. coli O157:H7 during refrigerated storage. Antibacterial activity of a newly isolated Lactobacillus delbrueckii MH 10 at refrigeration temperatures against food-borne pathogen Escherichia coli O157: H7 was studied. The size of inhibition zone depends on concentration of LAB cells. The cells (~109 CFU/ml) of L. delbrueckii roduced significant amount of antibacterial substances mainly hydrogen peroxide ~ 35 μg/ml in sodium phosphate buffer (0.2 M, pH 6.5) and ~ 40 μg/ml in beef broth at 5°C during submerged cultivation without of growth. Submerged cocultivation of E. coli O157: H7 with lactobacilli in NB broth at 5°C reducing the total number of the pathogen more than 3 log for 5 days. The cell suspension intendent for treatment must contain 108-9 CFU/ ml of LAB. L. delbrueckii reduced initial amount 2x105/sup> of E. coli O157: H7 in ground beef cocultivation up to 3 log for 3 days and become undetectable after 7 days. The application of L. delbrueckii bacteria does not cause any changes in sensory characteristics of ground beef by itself; moreover promote expanding of shelf-life due to inhibition of psychrophilic spoilage microorganisms.
Abstract: The objective of this study was to determine formation of antibacterial substances in supernatants of L. delbrueckii during cold storage and evaluate whether the application of this bacteria to raw ground beef would result in significant reductions of E. coli O157:H7 during refrigerated storage. Antibacterial activity of a newly isolated Lactobacil...
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Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) Practices Among Mothers of Children Aged 6–23 Months in Two Agro-ecological Zones of Rural Ethiopia
Kedir Teji Roba,
Thomas P. O’Connor,
Tefera Belachew,
Nora M. O’Brien
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, May 2016
Pages:
185-194
Received:
16 March 2016
Accepted:
24 March 2016
Published:
28 April 2016
Abstract: It is estimated that 6% of all deaths of under 5 years old children in developing countries can be prevented by appropriate complementary feeding, in particular good dietary diversity and meal frequency. The aim of this paper is to assess infant and young child feeding practices among mothers of children aged 6-23 months in rural Ethiopia. A community based cross-sectional study design was employed among mothers living in two agro-ecological zones. Trained data collectors conducted the interviews, anthropometric measurements, and the blood test for anaemia. To determine the predictors of minimum meal frequency, multivariable logistic regression models were used with 95% confidence intervals. We found that 95.4% of the children were breastfed, of whom 59.7% were initially breastfed within one hour after their birth, 83.3% fed on colostrum, 22.2% received pre-lacteal feeds and 50.9% of the children received complementary feedings by 6 months of age. In the 24 hours preceding the survey date, 39.8% of the children were fed using bottle; 4.6% and 1.9% of them consumed vitamin A-rich and iron-rich foods, respectively. Likewise 50.5%, 22.2%, and 12.0% of the children achieved minimum meal frequency, adequate dietary diversity and minimum acceptable diet, respectively. A significant proportion of children in the lowland fed on colostrum and had adequate dietary diversity compared to the midland agro-ecological zone. However, bottle feeding and minimum meal frequency were higher in the midland zone. There are also associations between the agro-ecological zones and initiation of breast feeding, pre-lacteal feeds, bottle and colostrum feeding. The predictors of poor minimum meal frequency were age of the child, being anaemic, stunting, while predictors of infant dietary diversity were maternal dietary diversity and age of the child. One out of nine children received appropriate diet for their age, which was very low. Mothers of child bearing age should be educated on the importance of infant and young child feeding.
Abstract: It is estimated that 6% of all deaths of under 5 years old children in developing countries can be prevented by appropriate complementary feeding, in particular good dietary diversity and meal frequency. The aim of this paper is to assess infant and young child feeding practices among mothers of children aged 6-23 months in rural Ethiopia. A commun...
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Chemical Composition, Functional and Sensory Properties of Maize Ogi Fortified with Periwinkle Meat Flour
Ufot Evanson Inyang,
Winifred Edet Effiong
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, May 2016
Pages:
195-200
Received:
9 April 2016
Accepted:
20 April 2016
Published:
3 May 2016
Abstract: The present study was aimed at assessing the effect of supplementing dried maize ogi with 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% periwinkle meat flour on the chemical composition and functional properties of the flour blends as well as the sensory properties of the ogi gruel. The result showed that substituting maize ogi with levels of periwinkle meat flour led to significant (p<0.05) increases in crude protein and ash contents ranging from 7.85% and 0.81% in unfortified maize ogi to 14.91% and 2.17% in 20% periwinkle meat flour supplemented ogi, respectively. The crude lipid, crude fibre, carbohydrate and caloric value on the other hand consistently decreased with increasing levels of periwinkle meat flour substitution. The decreases in crude lipid and crude fibre contents were however not significantly (p>0.05) difference from each other. Potassium and magnesium contents significantly (p<0.05) decreased with increasing levels of periwinkle meat flour supplementation. Calcium, sodium, iron and zinc on the other hand consistently increased with increasing levels of periwinkle meat flour supplementation. Bulk density, water absorption and swelling capacities consistently decreased while oil absorption and foaming capacities increased with increasing levels of periwinkle meat flour substitution. Result of sensory evaluation indicates that fortification of maize ogi with up to 10% periwinkle meat flour did not affect the acceptability of the prepared gruel as there was no significant different (p<0.05) with the gruel from 100% maize ogi.
Abstract: The present study was aimed at assessing the effect of supplementing dried maize ogi with 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% periwinkle meat flour on the chemical composition and functional properties of the flour blends as well as the sensory properties of the ogi gruel. The result showed that substituting maize ogi with levels of periwinkle meat flour led to s...
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Effect of Iron, Zinc, Vitamin E and Vitamin C Supplementation on Thyroid Hormones in Rats with Hypothyroidism
Naeem M. Rabeh,
Hanan A. El-Ghandour
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, May 2016
Pages:
201-210
Received:
1 April 2016
Accepted:
11 April 2016
Published:
10 May 2016
Abstract: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of Iron, Zinc, Vitamin C (Vit.C) and Vitamin E (Vit.E) supplementation on thyroid hormones in rats with hypothyroidism. Thirty six rats were divided into two main groups, the first main group (6 rats) was fed on basal diet only. The second main group (30 rat) were injected with 10 mg/kg/day Propylthiouracil (PTU) to induce hypothyroidism, was divided into 5 subgroups: including control positive group that fed on basal diet, and the other subgroups were fed on basal diet supplemented with 40 mg ferric sulphate/kg diet, 200 mg zinc carbonate /kg diet, 250 mg α- tocohperol acetate/kg/B.W. and 250 mg ascorbic acid/kg/B.W. respectively. Blood samples were collected from each rat and were centrifuged to obtain serum. PTU exposed rats showed hypothyroidism with significant (P<0.05) decline in serum FT3 and FT4 levels together with significant (P<0.05) increase in serum TSH level. The supplementation with Iron, Zinc, Vit.E or Vit.C significantly (P<0.05) increased the level of thyroid hormones (FT4 and FT3) and glutathione peroxidase, moreover, the level of TSH was significantly (P<0.05) decreased, compared with control positive group, might be due to their antioxidant properties. Significant improvement in lipid profile as well as liver and kidney functions were observed. It could be suggested that Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Zinc and Iron could be used as a suitable supplementation therapy for hypothyroidism patients.
Abstract: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of Iron, Zinc, Vitamin C (Vit.C) and Vitamin E (Vit.E) supplementation on thyroid hormones in rats with hypothyroidism. Thirty six rats were divided into two main groups, the first main group (6 rats) was fed on basal diet only. The second main group (30 rat) were injected with 10 mg/kg/day Propylt...
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Effect of Halawa Tahinia Alone or with Ginger and Cinnamon on Sex Hormones in Adult Male Rats
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, May 2016
Pages:
211-219
Received:
1 April 2016
Accepted:
11 April 2016
Published:
10 May 2016
Abstract: This study was performed to investigate the effect of halawa tahinia alone or in combination with ginger and cinnamon on sex hormones as well as serum antioxidant levels. Thirty Wistar adult male rat were divided into five groups, control group fed on basal diet only and test groups (n=24) divided into 4 groups as follow, group (1) fed on basal diet supplemented with halawa tahinia at the level of (15%), while the other three groups were fed on basal diet supplemented with halawa tahinia (15%) and were given orally (500 mg/kg/day) dried ginger, (500 mg/kg/day) dried cinnamon, both dried ginger and cinnamon (500 mg/kg/day) respectively for 8 weeks. The results indicated that, halawa tahinia have a high nutritive value. The obtained results revealed also that, oral administration of ginger and/ or cinnamon with halawa tahinia caused a significant (p<0.05) protective effects on testes due to increasing the levels of serum total testosterones, follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) also increasing serum total antioxidants capacity (TAC) levels with decreasing malondialdehyde (MDA) level as well as have no deleterious effects on liver functions as compared to control group. Moreover, both ginger and cinnamon administration has a synergistic effect on infertility due to their antioxidant properties. In conclusion: These results provide scientific evidence to substantiate the traditional use of cinnamon and ginger as a drink as well as Halawa tahinia in improving infertility in male rats which might be a product for their potent antioxidant properties and androgenic activities.
Abstract: This study was performed to investigate the effect of halawa tahinia alone or in combination with ginger and cinnamon on sex hormones as well as serum antioxidant levels. Thirty Wistar adult male rat were divided into five groups, control group fed on basal diet only and test groups (n=24) divided into 4 groups as follow, group (1) fed on basal die...
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Gender Differences in Anthropometric Indices Among Primary School Children in Delta South-Senatorial District, Delta State Nigeria
Ogbe Joseph Ogheneruese,
Ekuremu Joy
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, May 2016
Pages:
220-223
Received:
13 January 2016
Accepted:
17 February 2016
Published:
17 May 2016
Abstract: Purpose: the purpose of this study was to assess gender differences in anthropometrics of weight, height, body mass index (BMI) and mid upper-arm-circumference. Method: the method was the exploratory study design. The sampled population was 510 primary school children between the ages of 6 – 12 years obtained by multi-stage sampling techniques along with simple ballot method. Two research questions and one hypothesis guided the study. Data were obtained through the use of weighing bathroom scale, standiometer, tape and calculating BMI from wt (kg)/ht(m)2. Findings: there was no significant difference between weight and reference standard weight; between height and reference standard height; between muac and reference standard muac. It was found that boys have advantage over girls in weight, body mass index and mid upper-arm-circumference, while height was equal in both genders. There was no significant difference in weight and reference standard weight, in height and reference standard height except in bmi and reference standard bmi. It was found that gender anthropometric was not significantly different from the international reference standard. It was evident from this study that there was no gender difference in anthropometric measures among children in this study. Recommendation: it was recommended that the present nutritional status of children be maintained and regular growth monitoring of children as health surveillance as to maintain the status and detect early warning signs, among others.
Abstract: Purpose: the purpose of this study was to assess gender differences in anthropometrics of weight, height, body mass index (BMI) and mid upper-arm-circumference. Method: the method was the exploratory study design. The sampled population was 510 primary school children between the ages of 6 – 12 years obtained by multi-stage sampling techniques alon...
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Evaluation of Nutritional Status and Heavy Metals Toxicity for Asthmatic Children
Ghada M. El-Kherbawy,
Amany A. Salem,
Mona S. Mahklouf
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, May 2016
Pages:
224-233
Received:
27 April 2016
Accepted:
12 May 2016
Published:
27 May 2016
Abstract: The present study aimed to investigate blood heavy metals toxicity for asthmatic children and their nutritional status. One hundred children suffering asthma attending the Al-Galaa Teaching Hospital during winter were enrolled in the study. Data was collected by personal interview with their mothers to fill a special questionnaire sheet (socioeconomic and clinical characteristics, anthropometric measurements and 24h dietary recall). Results showed most parents had (10–12 years) of education levels. The majority of fathers were smoking at the same room with their children. All children had high blood levels of lead (B-Pb) and cadmium (B-Cd). Most children were intake less than 50% of DRI from fiber, vitamins (A, D, B1 and B2) and minerals (K and Mg). There were a negative significant correlation between B-Pb and both Hb and animal protein (r = 0.312 and r = 278, P ˂0.05, respectively). There were a significant correlation between B-Cd and bilirubin (r = -0.381, P ˂0.05). Also, there were adverse significant correlation between plasma K and both urea and creatinine (P ˂0.01). It is concluded preventing heavy metals poisoning in early childhood is an essential component of strategy to improve the health success.
Abstract: The present study aimed to investigate blood heavy metals toxicity for asthmatic children and their nutritional status. One hundred children suffering asthma attending the Al-Galaa Teaching Hospital during winter were enrolled in the study. Data was collected by personal interview with their mothers to fill a special questionnaire sheet (socioecono...
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